Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-03T18:06:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - DAYANE APARECIDA DOS SANTOS.pdf: 1377508 bytes, checksum: 5a99070a2324adc20f2d507a6a5e865d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-03T18:06:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - DAYANE APARECIDA DOS SANTOS.pdf: 1377508 bytes, checksum: 5a99070a2324adc20f2d507a6a5e865d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-27 / CAPES / The aim of this study is to analyze the profile of rural properties in different dairy production and its influence in the zootechnical and economic performances of the activity. It has been analyzed a database related to milk producers who are providers to a national dairy processing industry, composed of information related to fixed capital of the property, to milk production, total costs and the income of properties located in the Northeast, South and Southeast regions of Brazil. The information from the database covered a period of 48 months (July 2010 to June 2014). Seeking to diagnose the socio-cultural profile of human resources, closed-ended questionnaires were applied to rural producers with the collaboration of technicians who watched and collected data from the properties in each individual industrial plant of the company. Each technician or producer, between July 2015 and September 2015, filled a questionnaire, completing a total of 85 samples of milk producers from different regions of the national territory that, after eliminating inconsistencies and discrepancies, allowed to a consistent sample of 33 producers. It has been extracted from the database information regarding relative and absolute composition of elements that form the total cost of production, as well as some indicators of economic efficiency. The expense items were allocated in fixed costs, variables and expenses, and later analyzed in the Safari computer program - version 1?2012. It has also been collected investment data and property income. Economic performance analysis and zootechny performance had also been made, using the procedure ANOVAG from SAEG program, version 9.1 (SAEG, 2007), comparing the averages by Tukey test to the maximum level of 5% of error. It has been observed differences in the social profile of producers and employees, as well as the production and economic performance of the properties in Brazil due to the dairy region. Producers from the Northeast had higher levels of education, and the majority of these ones, were living in the dairy property, as well as the milk producers from the Southeast and South of Brazil. The total number of employees in the properties of milk producers from Northeast is higher than in the other regions. Most of the employees of the analyzed properties had lower level of education they were living in the properties where they worked and they are male. In relation to the total cost of production, it had been observed higher results in the properties from the Northeast. Concentrated feeding, labor and depreciation were, respectively in descending order, the items with greater representation in the total costs. Among the economic performance indicators, the monthly value earned with the sale of milk was larger in the dairy producers from Northeast. The values of Gross Margin and Net Margin were positive, indicating that the properties are being paid in the short term. The Total Revenue is greater than the Average Costs thus dairy farming is economically viable. The results were positive ROIC in the properties of basins Southeast and South, the activity is remunerating capital assets, and the producer can continue in business. Within zootechny performance indicators, the productivity by area and by employee, the daily milk production by cow and by lactation were superior to the South milk producers. / Este trabalho objetivou analisar o perfil das propriedades rurais em diferentes bacias leiteiras e sua influ?ncia nos desempenhos zoot?cnico e econ?mico da atividade. Foi analisado um banco de dados relativos a produtores de leite fornecedores de uma ind?stria de transforma??o de leite e produ??o de l?cteos de ?mbito nacional, composto por informa??es referentes ao capital imobilizado da propriedade, ? produ??o de leite, aos custos totais e a renda de propriedades localizadas nas regi?es Nordeste, Sul e Sudeste do Brasil. As informa??es do banco de dados compreenderam um per?odo de 48 meses (julho/2010 a junho/2014). Para diagnosticar o perfil sociocultural dos recursos humanos, aplicou-se question?rios fechados aos produtores rurais, com colabora??o dos t?cnicos que assistiam e coletavam dados das propriedades em cada planta industrial da empresa. Cada t?cnico ou produtor, entre julho/2015 e setembro/2015, preencheu um question?rio, perfazendo um total de 85 amostras de produtores de leite de diferentes regi?es do territ?rio nacional que, ap?s elimina??o de inconsist?ncias e incongru?ncias, permitiu a uma amostra consistente de 33 produtores. Foram extra?dos do banco de dados informa??es concernentes ? composi??o relativa e absoluta dos elementos que compunham o custo total de produ??o, bem como alguns indicadores de efici?ncia econ?mica. Os itens de disp?ndios foram alocados em custos fixos, vari?veis e despesas e posteriormente analisados no programa computacional Safari ? vers?o 1/2012. Tamb?m foram coletados os dados de investimentos e de renda da propriedade. Foram feitas an?lise de desempenho econ?mico e zoot?cnico, utilizando-se o procedimento ANOVAG do programa SAEG, vers?o 9.1 (UFV, 2007), sendo as m?dias comparadas por teste Tukey ao n?vel m?ximo de 5% de erro. Foi observado diferen?as no perfil social dos produtores e dos funcion?rios, assim como nos desempenhos produtivo e econ?mico das propriedades no Brasil em fun??o da bacia leiteira. No Nordeste os produtores possu?am maiores n?veis de escolaridade, e estes, em sua maioria, residem na propriedade leiteira, assim como os produtores das bacias Sudeste e Sul. Na bacia nordestina n?mero total de funcion?rios das propriedades ? superior ao das demais regi?es. A maioria dos funcion?rios das propriedades estudadas possui baixo n?vel de escolaridade, residem na propriedade e s?o do g?nero masculino. Foi observado resultados mais elevados de custo total de produ??o nas propriedades nordestinas. A alimenta??o concentrada, a m?o de obra e a deprecia??o foram, em ordem decrescente respectivamente, os itens com maior representa??o nos custos totais. Dentre os indicadores de desempenho econ?mico, o valor mensal da venda do leite foi maior na bacia Nordeste. Os valores de Margem Bruta e Margem L?quida foram positivos, indicando que as propriedades est?o sendo remuneradas no curto prazo. A Receita Total ? maior que os Custos M?dios, assim, a atividade leiteira ? vi?vel economicamente. Os resultados do ROIC foram positivos nas propriedades das bacias Sudeste e Sul, a atividade est? remunerando o capital imobilizado, e o produtor pode continuar no neg?cio. Dentro dos indicadores de desempenho zoot?cnico, a produtividade por ?rea e por funcion?rio, a produ??o de leite por vaca por dia e por lacta??o foram superiores na bacia Sul.

Pour pouvoir restituer des informations qui correspondent aux besoins de l'utilisateur, les mécanismes d'adaptation doivent disposer de métadonnées sur celui-ci telles que ses caractéristiques personnelles, ses préférences générales, ses centres d'intérêt. De ce fait, le profil utilisateur construit à partir de celles-ci devient central dans tout système basé sur la personnalisation. Dans cette thèse, nous nous focalisons sur l'approche qui consiste à s'appuyer sur le réseau social de l'utilisateur pour enrichir le profil de cet utilisateur, les métadonnées explicites étant complétées par les informations issues de notre processus d'analyse. Nous appelons les techniques ou processus associés à cette approche " profilage social ". Le terme " profil social " désigne un profil construit à l'aide du réseau social de l'utilisateur. Un profil social contient les métadonnées traduisant les intérêts de l'utilisateur extraits à partir des informations partagées par les individus de son réseau social. Les intérêts de l'utilisateur évoluant au fil du temps dans la vie réelle, il en est de même pour ceux extraits depuis son réseau social : pertinents à un moment donné, ils peuvent ne plus être significatifs ultérieurement. Partant de ce constat, les principales informations que nous souhaitons étudier pour détecter un changement de centres d'intérêt ne sont pas ciblées sur l'utilisateur lui-même mais sur les éléments de son réseau social (liens entre les membres, informations qui circulent entre eux) : l'évolution du profil social de l'utilisateur est donc liée à l'évolution de son réseau social. Nous proposons une démarche générique de profilage social efficace permettant de construire un profil social représentatif de l'utilisateur prenant en compte différents types de réseaux ainsi que leurs caractéristiques évolutives. Pour prendre en compte l'évolution des intérêts dans le profil social, nous avons proposé d'améliorer l'efficacité des processus de construction du profil social existants en intégrant la prise en compte de l'évolution du réseau social de l'utilisateur. Nous proposons d'intégrer un facteur temporel dans ces processus (approche basée sur des individus et approche basée sur les communautés). La solution permet de privilégier les intérêts provenant d'informations significatives et à jour. Il s'agit donc d'intégrer une mesure temporelle dans l'étape d'extraction et pondération des intérêts. Cette mesure est calculée d'une part, à partir de la pertinence temporelle des informations utilisées pour extraire cet intérêt et d'autre part, à partir de la pertinence temporelle de l'individu qui partage ces informations. Nous mettons en œuvre la méthode proposée au travers d'expérimentations dans deux réseaux sociaux différents : DBLP, un réseau de publications scientifiques et Twitter, un réseau de micro-blogs. Les résultats de ces expérimentations nous ont permis de montrer l'efficacité de la méthode temporelle proposée par rapport aux processus de construction du profil social qui ne prennent pas en compte des critères temporels. En étudiant les résultats en fonction des techniques de pondération des intérêts ou fonctions temporelles utilisées, nous constatons que la fonction temporelle et la technique utilisées donnant les meilleurs résultats varient selon l'approche de construction du profil social choisie, selon la taille et la densité du réseau étudié mais aussi selon sur le type de réseau. La problématique abordée dans cette thèse est relativement nouvelle dans le contexte des systèmes de personnalisation de l'information et ouvre de nombreuses perspectives : évaluation du profil social dans un système de recommandation par exemple, application de la méthode proposée dans d'autres types de réseaux sociaux, application de techniques de mise à jour du profil, conception d'une plateforme de construction du profil social selon les caractéristiques du réseau. / User profiling is essential for personalization systems (e.g. personalized information retrieval systems, recommendation systems) to identify user information (preference, interests...), in order to propose relevant content based on his/her specific needs and requirements. Many works have shown that user's social neighbors can be a meaningful source to infer his/her interests. Besides, sociology works have shown that the user is better described by people around him/her, especially the people that are directly connected to him/her (his egocentric network). In this work, the term "social profiling" is considered as the interest extraction approach that consists in extracting user interests from information of his/her social neighbors. The user's profile built within this approach is called "social profile". As user behaviors evolve over time, it is necessary to take into consideration the evolution of user interests in user profiling process. In the case of social profile, user interests are extracted from the information shared by his/her social neighbors. Hence, the evolution of extracted interests is related to the evolution of information shared on user social network and to the evolution of relationships between the user and his/her social neighbors. This issue becomes particularly important in the Online Social Networks (OSNs) context where user behavior changes quickly. For a user, the relationships and information in his/her social network can evolve and become obsolete for him/her overtime. Two users creating a relationship are not required to know each other in real life. Thus, the relationship persistence is not always maintained in this case. Social events or viral marketing (buzz) are also factors that enhance online social content sharing. In this work, we propose a generic approach that considers the evolution in user's social network in the social profiling process and can be applied in different types of social network. To handle this, we propose to apply a time-aware method into existing social profile building process (individual based and community based approaches). This strategy aims at weighting user's interests in the social profile based on their temporal score. The temporal score of an interest is computed by combining the temporal score of information used to extract the interests (computed by considering their freshness) with the temporal of individuals who share the information in the network (computed by considering the freshness of the interaction with the user). The technique and temporal function used to compute the temporal score are customizable. Thus, we can find out the most appropriate technique or temporal function depending on the types or characteristics of the adopted social network. The experiments conducted on DBLP and Twitter showed that the so-called time-aware social profiling process applying our proposed time-aware method outperforms the existing time-agnostic social profiling process. We also found that the most appropriate technique, temporal function and social profiling approach vary depending on the network characteristics (size, density) and to the social network type. Our approach opens many opportunities for future studies in social information filtering and many application domains as well as on the Web (e.g. evolution of social profile in personalization of search engines, recommender systems in e-commerce,). Our long-term perspective consists in the proposal of a generic platform that extracts the information and builds the user social profile based on the type and the specific characteristics of the underlying social network. Such a platform would be parameterized by the characteristics of the targeted social network using a machine learning approach.

This thesis deals with the involvement of the Austrians in the 2nd tank division SS "Das Reich." The introductory part analyzes personnel cast of the division and aims at finding the answer to the question, in which period the largest number of the Austrians served in the division and possibly how many. The main focus is put on the question, whether the Austrians in the division who owned the highest army decorations of the Third Reich were represented by below-average or above-average numbers in view of their total number. We can not omit to mention a social profile of these decorated men, which provides us with broader point of view of their personalities. Last but not least, the thesis deals with the question, whether the Austrians took part in war crimes committed by the division. Key words: division "Das Reich", Waffen-SS, Austrians, social profile, war crimes, high decorations

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:45:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro_Pribernow_Massia_Dissertacao.pdf: 1909270 bytes, checksum: 9b3e619b2ea18037907026e89b72de09 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-28 / The dissertation aims to analyze the social profile and career paths politics of the governors elected in Brazil between 1994 and 2010. The profile corresponds to four attributes, gender, age, education and profession of origin politicians. It meant by career government positions occupied by indication and / or won at the polls before arrival to the head of the state executive, and leadership positions in political parties and legislatures as well. The sources of the study are: data of Elections, institutional and personal sites, and bibliographic resources, such as the Historical-Biographical Dictionary Brazilian. The hypothesis is that the office of governor, to occupy a central place in the political hierarchy of the states belonging to the executive branch and to be defined by the majority system, is not very open to newcomers, requires its occupants long years devoted to political activity and elective terms prior, which indicates the need for professionalism to obtain the post. / A dissertação tem como objetivo analisar o perfil social e as trajetórias de carreira política dos governadores eleitos no Brasil, entre 1994 e 2010. O perfil corresponde a quatro atributos: gênero, faixa etária, escolaridade e profissão de origem dos políticos. Por carreira se entende os cargos públicos ocupados por indicação e/ou conquistados nas urnas antes da chegada à chefia do executivo estadual, além de cargos de liderança nos partidos e casas legislativas. As fontes do estudo são: dados da Justiça Eleitoral, sites institucionais e pessoais, e recursos bibliográficos, como o Dicionário Histórico-Biográfico Brasileiro. A hipótese é que o cargo de governador, por ocupar um lugar central na hierarquia política dos estados, pertencer ao poder executivo e ser definido pelo sistema majoritário, é pouco permeável a novatos, exige de seus ocupantes longos anos dedicados à atividade política e mandatos eletivos prévios, o que aponta a necessidade de profissionalização para a obtenção do posto.

Irrigation in the Northeast presents itself as an alternative to counter the effects of crises in the traditional activities of the agricultural sector. Based on this premise the Government of the State of Sergipe implemented in the eighties many irrigated areas, to develop the semi-arid region, in order to increase the quality of life for residents by building on agricultural potential demonstrated by the climate, soil and availability of water for irrigation. owever, these projects have failed the success planned for various reasons. Thus, this study aims to analyze the dynamics of water, agricultural production and the profile of irrigation irrigated perimeter California, located in Canindé municipalities de San Francisco and Poço Redondo, in the extreme northwest of the state, in the semi-arid northeast. For this, there were literature surveys, desk reviews, structured interviews with questionnaires to the technical audience of local administration and the irrigators, seeking information about the type of agricultural production, social, economic and environmental. Research shows that driving the water meets technical problems especially in pumping stations resulting in lack of water for irrigation of agricultural crops. Agricultural production is shown to be diverse, but with concentration in Okra culture that predominates in most lots, to have guaranteed market. Technical assistance is cause for dissatisfaction, pointing in field research. The profile of irrigation shows that most settled in the region since the 2000s, and had cultural tradition in the primary sector of the economy also points out that between the social measures adopted, the family allowance is an important public policy and local visibility. hese considerations point to the need to problematize the development policies of the semi-arid northeast, especially the actions aimed at improving irrigated areas. / A irrigação no Nordeste apresenta-se como alternativa para contrapor aos efeitos das crises nas atividades tradicionais do setor agrário. Baseado nesta premissa o Governo do Estado de Sergipe implantou na década de oitenta diversos perímetros irrigados, visando o desenvolvimento da região semiárida, com o intuito de aumentar a qualidade de vida dos habitantes mediante o aproveitamento do potencial agrícola demonstrado pelo clima, solo e disponibilidade de água para a irrigação. Não obstante, estes projetos não lograram o êxito planejado, por razões diversas. Desta forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o perfil social e a produção agrícola do perímetro irrigado Califórnia, localizado nos municípios de Canindé do São Francisco e Poço Redondo, no extremo noroeste do Estado, no semiárido nordestino. Para isto, realizaram-se levantamentos bibliográficos, análises documentais, entrevistas semiestruturadas com aplicação de questionários ao público técnico da administração local e a irrigantes, buscando informações sobre o tipo de produção agrícola, aspectos sociais, econômicos e ambientais. A pesquisa mostra que condução da água encontra-se com problemas técnicos especialmente nas estações elevatórias acarretando na falta de água para irrigação das culturas agrícolas. A produção agrícola mostra-se diversificada, mas com concentração na cultura do quiabo, que predomina na maioria dos lotes, por ter mercado garantido. A assistência técnica é motivo de insatisfação, apontada na pesquisa de campo. O perfil dos irrigantes evidencia que a maior parte fixou-se na região a partir dos anos 2000, e tinham tradição cultural no setor primário da economia, além disso, aponta que entre as medidas sociais adotadas, a bolsa família é uma política pública importante e de visibilidade local. Tais considerações apontam para a necessidade de problematizar as políticas desenvolvimentistas do semiárido nordestino, especialmente as ações direcionadas a melhoria dos perímetros irrigados.

L’émergence des réseaux sociaux a révolutionné le Web en permettant notamment aux individus de prolonger leur connexion virtuelle en une relation plus réelle et de partager leurs connaissances. Ce nouveau contexte de diffusion de l’information sur le Web peut constituer un moyen efficace pour cerner les besoins en information des utilisateurs du Web, et permettre à la recherche d’information (RI) de mieux répondre à ces besoins en adaptant les modèles d’indexation et d’interrogation. L’exploitation des réseaux sociaux confronte la RI à plusieurs défis dont les plus importants concernent la représentation de l’information dans un modèle social personnalisé de RI et son évaluation, en l’absence de collections de test et de compétitions dédiées. Nous proposons dans ce travail de bénéficier de l’exploitation des informations issues des réseaux sociaux pour personnaliser la recherche d’information de l’utilisateur en se rapprochant le plus de ses centres d’intérêt et de ses préférences. Les principales contributions de notre travail consistent dans un premier temps à établir un profil social de l’utilisateur à partir du contenu informationnel généré au sein du réseau social. Nous présentons par la suite des modèles de recherche sociale personnalisée d’information (RSPI) permettant d’intégrer le profil social de l’utilisateur à différents niveaux du processus de RI. Dans l’objectif de permettre l’évaluation des modèles de RSPI sur une collection de test dédiée, nous proposons une collection de test de RSPI que nous avons construite à partir du réseau d’annotation collaborative "Delicious" contenant en plus des données classiques d’une collection de test de RI, des données centrées-utilisateur / The emergence of social media has revolutionized the web by allowing individuals to extend their virtual connection in a more real relationship and share knowledge. This new context of information dissemination on the Web can be an effective way to identify the information needs of Web users, and allow information retrieval (IR) to better meet these needs by adapting the indexing and querying models. The information retrieval faced several challenges with the use of social networks, the most important concerns the representation of information in a personalized social IR (PSIR) model and its evaluation in the absence of a social test collections with the user-centered data (user-centered queries and user-centered relevance judgments). We propose to benefit from the use of the user generated content (UGC) on the social networks to personalize his social search in order to better fit his interests and preferences. The main contributions of our work consist of, on the one hand, building a social profile from the UGC within the social network. We propose then a personalized social information retrieval models which integrate the user’s social profile at various levels of the IR process. On the other hand, with the objective of evaluating our PSIR models on a dedicated test collection, we propose a PSIR test collection "DelRSI" we built from the collaborative social bookmarking network "Delicious" ; a PSIR test collection containing in addition to the classical IR test collection’s data, a user-centered data

The astronomical increase in the number of wireless devices such as smart phones in 21th century has revolutionized the way people communicate with one another and share information. The new wireless technologies have also enabled researchers to collect real data about how people move and meet one another in different social settings. Understanding human mobility has many applications in different areas such as traffic planning in cities and public health studies of epidemic diseases. In this thesis, we study the fundamental properties of human contact graphs in order to characterize how people meet one another in different social environments. Understanding human contact patterns in return allows us to propose a cost-effective routing algorithm for spreading information in Delay Tolerant Networks. Furthermore, we propose several contact predictors to predict the unobserved parts of contact graphs when only partial observations are available. Our results show that we are able to infer hidden contacts of real contact traces by exploiting the underlying properties of contact graphs. In the last few years, we have also witnessed an explosion in the number of people who use social media to share information with their friends. In the last part of this thesis, we study the running times of several information spreading algorithms in social networks in order to find the fastest strategy. Fast information spreading has an obvious application in advertising a product to a large number of people in a short amount of time. We prove that a fast information spreading algorithm should efficiently identify communication bottlenecks in order to speed up the running time. Finally, we show that sparsifying large social graphs by exploiting the edge-betweenness centrality measure can also speed up the information spreading rate. / Graduate

The concept of population ageing is a development issue that has received much attention due to the demographic transition that is occurring globally, marked by declining levels of fertility and mortality. Therefore, the implications of population ageing for older persons within the context of Social Development was examined from the perspective of government and non government officials. The study was confined to older persons and the policies and programmes implemented by the Department of Social Development. The study employed an exploratory research design within a qualitative paradigm. Semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire were distributed to officials in the nine provinces. Thirty six questionnaires were received and qualitative methods of data analysis were used to analyse and interpret the data. The main finding of the study is that there is congruence in what government officials and the non government officials view as implications for older persons. Central to this is that the issue of ageing does not receive attention on the agenda of government. The top five priorities for older persons are healthy ageing, economic security, community/home based care services for older persons, having care and support systems for older persons and an improved quality of life/poverty alleviation. Based on the demographic determinants of population ageing, the findings are that there will be an increased demand for services for older persons which might place a strain on the social assistance and health care programmes. The issue of ageing was viewed positively as an opportunity by government officials and pessimistically as a challenge by NGO’s. The most common problems in old age is a reliance on the younger generation and or the state for their care and support, abuse, high levels of illiteracy and the burden of care for their children and grandchildren. The future older person is likely to be in better health and better educated than the older person of today if the necessary public investments are made now in these areas. The study makes recommendations for the adoption of a South African plan of action on ageing, inter-sectoral budgeting, development of specialised programmes, review of current policies and legislation for older persons, strengthening the partnership with the NGO sector and facilitating ageing mainstreaming within government programmes. / Sociology / M.A. (Social Development)

The concept of population ageing is a development issue that has received much attention due to the demographic transition that is occurring globally, marked by declining levels of fertility and mortality. Therefore, the implications of population ageing for older persons within the context of Social Development was examined from the perspective of government and non government officials. The study was confined to older persons and the policies and programmes implemented by the Department of Social Development. The study employed an exploratory research design within a qualitative paradigm. Semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire were distributed to officials in the nine provinces. Thirty six questionnaires were received and qualitative methods of data analysis were used to analyse and interpret the data. The main finding of the study is that there is congruence in what government officials and the non government officials view as implications for older persons. Central to this is that the issue of ageing does not receive attention on the agenda of government. The top five priorities for older persons are healthy ageing, economic security, community/home based care services for older persons, having care and support systems for older persons and an improved quality of life/poverty alleviation. Based on the demographic determinants of population ageing, the findings are that there will be an increased demand for services for older persons which might place a strain on the social assistance and health care programmes. The issue of ageing was viewed positively as an opportunity by government officials and pessimistically as a challenge by NGO’s. The most common problems in old age is a reliance on the younger generation and or the state for their care and support, abuse, high levels of illiteracy and the burden of care for their children and grandchildren. The future older person is likely to be in better health and better educated than the older person of today if the necessary public investments are made now in these areas. The study makes recommendations for the adoption of a South African plan of action on ageing, inter-sectoral budgeting, development of specialised programmes, review of current policies and legislation for older persons, strengthening the partnership with the NGO sector and facilitating ageing mainstreaming within government programmes. / Sociology / M.A. (Development Studies)