Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-01-31T16:50:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Bruna Caroline Franzan.pdf: 2183556 bytes, checksum: 2e937393a56f483356ba48da8c23210a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-31T16:50:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Bruna Caroline Franzan.pdf: 2183556 bytes, checksum: 2e937393a56f483356ba48da8c23210a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-22 / CAPES / This study aimed to evaluate the feces of horses as an inoculum source to apply to in vitro fermentation tests when roughage is used as the substrate. The design was completely randomized in a 2x2 factorial arrangement. The first factor is hydration time of the substrate: 0 and 12 hours; and the second factor evaluated was the feces dilution with nutritive solution (weight: weight): 1:1 and 1:3. The variables cumulative gas production and degradation of nutrients the design was completely randomized in split plots, with the effect of incubation time as subplots. Three stallions were used as feces donors. After 28 days of adaptation to the diet and management, the feces were collected directly from the rectum of animals. After collection, the feces had been mixed with the nutritive solution in the ratio (weight:weight): 1:1 and 1:3 and kept in a water bath at 39 ? C constantly sprayed with CO2. After one hour, the material was filtered and 10 ml of inoculum had been added to previously prepared bottles. The fermentation bottles were prepared as follows: put 1 g of Coastcross hay and 90 ml of nutritive solution was added at the moment of inoculation or 12 hours before inoculation procedure. The variables bacteria count after 24 h of inoculation, the dry matter degradation (DMD), the organic matter degradation (OMD) and the neutral detergent fiber degradation (NDFD) at 24, 48 and 72 h of fermentation, as well the ammonia nitrogen content (NH3-N), pH and the cumulative gases production over 72 h had been evaluated. The nonlinear regression model adjusted the cumulative gases production. The results were submitted to ANOVA 5%, and the averages compared by SNK test at 5%. There was no significant effect of hydration and dilution factors in OMD, NDFD, NH3-N and the concentration of Lactobacillus spp., Streptococcus spp., cellulolytic bacteria and total anaerobic bacteria. The significant dilution effect in the pH was observed and the significant hydration effect in DMD. The interaction between incubation time and the hydration time of the substrate was detected over the cumulative gases production, with values significantly different starting at eight hours of incubation until the end of process. There was no proper fit to the proposed model, since the L parameter was not significant. The soluble nutrients of the Coastcross hay became available due to the hydration process, therefore, has used for the initial development of the microorganisms reducing the lag phase period of 2.32 (without hydration) to 0.24 h. In conclusion, the hydration of the dehydrated substrate is a strategy that increases the fermentation substrate extension and degradation of dry matter. Moreover, lag phase time was reduced. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo utilizar as fezes de equinos como fonte de in?culo em ensaios de fermenta??o in vitro com alimentos volumosos. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em arranjo fatorial 2x2. O primeiro fator foi o tempo de hidrata??o do substrato: 0 e 12 horas; e o segundo fator foi a dilui??o das fezes com solu??o nutritiva na rela??o (peso:peso): 1:1 e 1:3. Para as vari?veis produ??o cumulativa de gases e degrada??o dos nutrientes o delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente ao acaso em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com o efeito tempo de incuba??o na subparcela. Tr?s garanh?es foram utilizados como doadores de fezes. Ap?s 28 dias de adapta??o ? dieta e ao manejo, as fezes foram coletadas diretamente no reto dos animais. Ap?s a coleta, as fezes foram misturadas com a solu??o nutritiva na rela??o (peso:peso): 1:1 e 1:3 e mantidas em banho maria a 39?C constantemente borrifadas com CO2. Ap?s uma hora, o material foi filtrado e adicionou-se 10 mL de in?culo em frascos previamente preparados. Nos frascos de fermenta??o colocou-se 1 g do feno de Coastcross e, 90 mL de solu??o nutritiva adicionada no momento da inocula??o ou 12 horas antes da inocula??o. Avaliou-se a contagem bacteriol?gica 24 h ap?s a inocula??o, a degrada??o da mat?ria seca (DMS), mat?ria org?nica (DMO) e da fibra em detergente neutro (DFDN) nos tempos de 24, 48 e 72 h, o teor de nitrog?nio amoniacal (N-NH3), pH e a produ??o cumulativa de gases at? 72 h, a qual foi ajustada pelo modelo de regress?o n?o linear unicompartimental. Os resultados foram submetidos ? ANOVA 5% de signific?ncia, e as m?dias comparadas pelo teste SNK ? 5%. N?o houve efeito significativo dos fatores hidrata??o e dilui??o na DMO, DFDN, N-NH3 e na concentra??o de Lactobacillus spp., Streptococus spp., bact?rias celulol?ticas e bact?rias anaer?bias totais. Houve efeito da dilui??o no pH final e efeito da hidrata??o na DMS. Houve intera??o entre o tempo de incuba??o e o tempo de hidrata??o do substrato na produ??o cumulativa de gases, com valores apresentando diferen?a significativa a partir de oito horas p?s incuba??o. N?o houve ajuste adequado ao modelo proposto, pois o par?metro L n?o foi significativo. A hidrata??o do feno de Coastcross disponibilizou nutrientes sol?veis para o desenvolvimento inicial dos microrganismos, reduzindo o per?odo de fase lag de 2,32 para 0,24 h. Conclui-se que a hidrata??o do substrato volumoso desidratado ? uma estrat?gia que aumenta o volume de gases provenientes da fermenta??o do substrato e a degrada??o da mat?ria seca, al?m disso, reduz o per?odo de fase lag.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-03T18:06:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - DAYANE APARECIDA DOS SANTOS.pdf: 1377508 bytes, checksum: 5a99070a2324adc20f2d507a6a5e865d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-03T18:06:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - DAYANE APARECIDA DOS SANTOS.pdf: 1377508 bytes, checksum: 5a99070a2324adc20f2d507a6a5e865d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-27 / CAPES / The aim of this study is to analyze the profile of rural properties in different dairy production and its influence in the zootechnical and economic performances of the activity. It has been analyzed a database related to milk producers who are providers to a national dairy processing industry, composed of information related to fixed capital of the property, to milk production, total costs and the income of properties located in the Northeast, South and Southeast regions of Brazil. The information from the database covered a period of 48 months (July 2010 to June 2014). Seeking to diagnose the socio-cultural profile of human resources, closed-ended questionnaires were applied to rural producers with the collaboration of technicians who watched and collected data from the properties in each individual industrial plant of the company. Each technician or producer, between July 2015 and September 2015, filled a questionnaire, completing a total of 85 samples of milk producers from different regions of the national territory that, after eliminating inconsistencies and discrepancies, allowed to a consistent sample of 33 producers. It has been extracted from the database information regarding relative and absolute composition of elements that form the total cost of production, as well as some indicators of economic efficiency. The expense items were allocated in fixed costs, variables and expenses, and later analyzed in the Safari computer program - version 1?2012. It has also been collected investment data and property income. Economic performance analysis and zootechny performance had also been made, using the procedure ANOVAG from SAEG program, version 9.1 (SAEG, 2007), comparing the averages by Tukey test to the maximum level of 5% of error. It has been observed differences in the social profile of producers and employees, as well as the production and economic performance of the properties in Brazil due to the dairy region. Producers from the Northeast had higher levels of education, and the majority of these ones, were living in the dairy property, as well as the milk producers from the Southeast and South of Brazil. The total number of employees in the properties of milk producers from Northeast is higher than in the other regions. Most of the employees of the analyzed properties had lower level of education they were living in the properties where they worked and they are male. In relation to the total cost of production, it had been observed higher results in the properties from the Northeast. Concentrated feeding, labor and depreciation were, respectively in descending order, the items with greater representation in the total costs. Among the economic performance indicators, the monthly value earned with the sale of milk was larger in the dairy producers from Northeast. The values of Gross Margin and Net Margin were positive, indicating that the properties are being paid in the short term. The Total Revenue is greater than the Average Costs thus dairy farming is economically viable. The results were positive ROIC in the properties of basins Southeast and South, the activity is remunerating capital assets, and the producer can continue in business. Within zootechny performance indicators, the productivity by area and by employee, the daily milk production by cow and by lactation were superior to the South milk producers. / Este trabalho objetivou analisar o perfil das propriedades rurais em diferentes bacias leiteiras e sua influ?ncia nos desempenhos zoot?cnico e econ?mico da atividade. Foi analisado um banco de dados relativos a produtores de leite fornecedores de uma ind?stria de transforma??o de leite e produ??o de l?cteos de ?mbito nacional, composto por informa??es referentes ao capital imobilizado da propriedade, ? produ??o de leite, aos custos totais e a renda de propriedades localizadas nas regi?es Nordeste, Sul e Sudeste do Brasil. As informa??es do banco de dados compreenderam um per?odo de 48 meses (julho/2010 a junho/2014). Para diagnosticar o perfil sociocultural dos recursos humanos, aplicou-se question?rios fechados aos produtores rurais, com colabora??o dos t?cnicos que assistiam e coletavam dados das propriedades em cada planta industrial da empresa. Cada t?cnico ou produtor, entre julho/2015 e setembro/2015, preencheu um question?rio, perfazendo um total de 85 amostras de produtores de leite de diferentes regi?es do territ?rio nacional que, ap?s elimina??o de inconsist?ncias e incongru?ncias, permitiu a uma amostra consistente de 33 produtores. Foram extra?dos do banco de dados informa??es concernentes ? composi??o relativa e absoluta dos elementos que compunham o custo total de produ??o, bem como alguns indicadores de efici?ncia econ?mica. Os itens de disp?ndios foram alocados em custos fixos, vari?veis e despesas e posteriormente analisados no programa computacional Safari ? vers?o 1/2012. Tamb?m foram coletados os dados de investimentos e de renda da propriedade. Foram feitas an?lise de desempenho econ?mico e zoot?cnico, utilizando-se o procedimento ANOVAG do programa SAEG, vers?o 9.1 (UFV, 2007), sendo as m?dias comparadas por teste Tukey ao n?vel m?ximo de 5% de erro. Foi observado diferen?as no perfil social dos produtores e dos funcion?rios, assim como nos desempenhos produtivo e econ?mico das propriedades no Brasil em fun??o da bacia leiteira. No Nordeste os produtores possu?am maiores n?veis de escolaridade, e estes, em sua maioria, residem na propriedade leiteira, assim como os produtores das bacias Sudeste e Sul. Na bacia nordestina n?mero total de funcion?rios das propriedades ? superior ao das demais regi?es. A maioria dos funcion?rios das propriedades estudadas possui baixo n?vel de escolaridade, residem na propriedade e s?o do g?nero masculino. Foi observado resultados mais elevados de custo total de produ??o nas propriedades nordestinas. A alimenta??o concentrada, a m?o de obra e a deprecia??o foram, em ordem decrescente respectivamente, os itens com maior representa??o nos custos totais. Dentre os indicadores de desempenho econ?mico, o valor mensal da venda do leite foi maior na bacia Nordeste. Os valores de Margem Bruta e Margem L?quida foram positivos, indicando que as propriedades est?o sendo remuneradas no curto prazo. A Receita Total ? maior que os Custos M?dios, assim, a atividade leiteira ? vi?vel economicamente. Os resultados do ROIC foram positivos nas propriedades das bacias Sudeste e Sul, a atividade est? remunerando o capital imobilizado, e o produtor pode continuar no neg?cio. Dentro dos indicadores de desempenho zoot?cnico, a produtividade por ?rea e por funcion?rio, a produ??o de leite por vaca por dia e por lacta??o foram superiores na bacia Sul.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-03T19:19:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Marina Jorge de Lemos.pdf: 6290720 bytes, checksum: 466915088ab49af16fcd11435ccc2913 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-03T19:19:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Marina Jorge de Lemos.pdf: 6290720 bytes, checksum: 466915088ab49af16fcd11435ccc2913 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-08 / CAPES / An experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the intestinal morphology, performance, egg quality and analysis of the financial feasibility of including various additives in feed during the whole production period of Japanese quails. 360 quails were distributed in a completely randomized design in a time split plot scheme (9 to 23 weeks of age and 24 to 39 weeks old) with five treatments and eight repetitions of nine birds each. The used treatments were: control, antibiotic, prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic. The intestinal morphology was evaluated by the height and width and width/height ratio of the villus, crypt depth and villus/crypt ratio; performance, by the feed intake, egg production, egg weight average, feed conversion (kg / kg and kg / dozen), egg mass and viability; egg quality, by the Haugh unit, yolk index, percentage of egg components, shell thickness measured by the micrometer and the scanning electron microscope (SEM); financial analysis was computed by the internal rate of return, net present value and cost benefit. The inclusion of additives in the feed increased the height and width of the villi, decreased crypt depth and increased villous / crypt ratio compared to the control. The inclusion of the additives reduced the feed intake in the two periods of production of the quails in comparison with the control. Throughout the production period, consumption was lower after inclusion of antibiotic and synbiotic in the feed. Egg production, egg weight average, egg mass and feed conversion (kg / kg and kg / dozen) were improved in the quails fed with additives in the two periods of production. The supply of additives within 24 to 39 weeks of age increased the Haugh unit of the eggs compared to the control. The inclusion of additives in the feed increased the yolk and shell percentage, and improved shell and membrane thickness measured by the micrometer compared to the control in both periods of production. The shell thickness (SEM) and the shell palisade layer were improved after inclusion of antibiotic and synbiotic in the feed within 24 to 39 weeks of age. The financial analysis showed best values in the treatments that used antibiotics and synbiotic. The inclusion of antibiotics, probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic in the feed improves performance and egg quality throughout the production phase of Japanese quails, and these improvements increase effects when the birds receive the additives in the first productive period. The inclusion of antibiotics and synbiotic is more effective than the inclusion of the other additives in reducing food intake throughout the production period and improving shell thickness during the second production period. Intestinal integrity of Japanese quails improved after the inclusion of the tested additives. The financial analysis proved to be more viable to include antibiotic or synbiotic in the feed of Japanese quails in comparison to the other studied additives. / Foi conduzido um experimento com o objetivo de avaliar a morfologia intestinal, o desempenho, a qualidade dos ovos e an?lise da viabilidade financeira da inclus?o de diferentes aditivos na ra??o durante todo o per?odo produtivo de codornas japonesas. Foram utilizadas 360 codornas distribu?das em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcela subdividida no tempo (de 9 at? 23 semanas de idade e de 24 at? 39 semanas de idade) com cinco tratamentos e oito repeti??es de nove aves cada. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: controle, antibi?tico, prebi?tico, probi?tico e simbi?tico. A morfologia intestinal foi avaliada atrav?s da altura e largura e propor??o largura/altura das vilosidades, profundidade de cripta e rela??o vilo: cripta; o desempenho pelo consumo de ra??o, produ??o de ovos, peso m?dio dos ovos, convers?o alimentar (kg/kg e kg/d?zia), massa dos ovos e viabilidade; a qualidade de ovos pela unidade Haugh, ?ndice de gema, percentagem dos componentes do ovo, espessura de casca medida pelo micr?metro e pelo microsc?pio eletr?nico de varredura (MEV); a an?lise financeira foi computada pela taxa interna de retorno, valor presente l?quido e benef?cio custo. A inclus?o dos aditivos na ra??o aumentou a altura e largura das vilosidades, diminuiu a profundidade de cripta e aumentou a rela??o vilo:cripta em compara??o com o controle. A inclus?o dos aditivos reduziu o consumo de ra??o nos dois per?odos de produ??o das codornas em compara??o com o controle. Durante todo o per?odo produtivo, o consumo foi menor ap?s inclus?o de antibi?tico e simbi?tico na ra??o. A produ??o de ovos, o peso m?dio dos ovos, a massa de ovos e a convers?o alimentar (kg/kg e kg/d?zia) foram melhores nas codornas alimentadas com os aditivos nos dois per?odos de produ??o. O fornecimento dos aditivos no per?odo de 24 at? 39 semanas de idade aumentou a unidade Haugh dos ovos em rela??o ao controle. A inclus?o dos aditivos na ra??o aumentou a porcentagem de gema e de casca, e melhorou a espessura da casca avaliada pelo micr?metro e das membranas da casca em compara??o com o controle nos dois per?odos de produ??o. A espessura da casca (MEV) e da camada pali?ada da casca foi melhor ap?s inclus?o de antibi?tico e simbi?tico na ra??o no per?odo de 24 at? 39 semanas de idade. A an?lise financeira mostrou os melhores valores nos tratamentos que utilizaram antibi?tico e simbi?tico. A inclus?o de antibi?tico, probi?tico, prebi?tico e simbi?tico na ra??o melhora o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos durante toda a fase produtiva de codornas japonesas, sendo esse efeito potencializado quando as aves recebem os aditivos no primeiro per?odo produtivo. A inclus?o de antibi?tico e simbi?tico ? mais eficaz que a inclus?o dos outros aditivos na redu??o do consumo de ra??o em todo per?odo produtivo e em melhorar a espessura da casca durante o segundo per?odo produtivo. A integridade intestinal das codornas japonesas melhora ap?s a inclus?o dos aditivos testados. A an?lise financeira demonstrou ser mais vi?vel a inclus?o de antibi?tico ou de simbi?tico na ra??o das codornas japonesas em compara??o com os outros aditivos estudados.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-08-23T19:01:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Aline Barros da Silva.pdf: 2200971 bytes, checksum: c03b52ff6176469c08ca932517eebdbe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-23T19:01:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Aline Barros da Silva.pdf: 2200971 bytes, checksum: c03b52ff6176469c08ca932517eebdbe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-19 / CAPES / The search for the best efficiency in the nitrogen fertilization justifies the need in the evaluation in nitrogen (N) sources and doses what promote lower losses in the ambient, beyond higher productivity and quality of the forage produced. In that contest, this study aimed to evaluation the morphological composition, structural characteristics and nutritional value of the Panicum maximum cv. Massai forage, cultivated under urea sources (common and coated Policote?) and N doses (200, 400 e 600 kg ha-1 year-1), during autumn, winter and spring 2014, summer and autumn 2015 seasons. The experiment was conducted in UFRRJ, Serop?dica/RJ, under a complete block randomized design with four replications in a factorial arrangement (3x2) + 1. The variance analysis of data was performed using the PROC MIXED of the SAS? (9.2 version), a 5% probability. The means of treatments were compared using PDIFF (p<0.05), and the quantitative effects using a PROC REG of SAS? (probability<0.05). There was interaction (p<0.05) between doses, sources of urea, and seasons for the forage mass (FM), percentages of leaf blades (LBDMP), stem (SDMP) and dead material (DMDMP) dry matter, leaves blades: steams ratio (LBSR), forage accumulation rate (FAR), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and for dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) content of the forage. Since the canopy height (CH), tiller population density (TPD), weight per tiller (WT) and forage bulk density (FBD), mineral matter (MM) and insoluble neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents of the forage varied (p<0.05) due to N rates and seasons interaction. There was a linear increased in the FM with increasing of N doses until to the 600 kg ha-1 yr-1 level in the winter and spring seasons by both urea sources. The increasing N doses promoted higher LBDMP and lower SDMP and DMDMP of the FM, besides providing increased TPD, FBD and FAR of the massai grass forage, during all seasons studied. There was a quadratic positive effect for NUE during autumn 1, spring, summer and autumn 2 for common and coated urea, with higher maximum points for coated urea. And during the winter there was a positive linear effect only for coated urea. Higher average values of the CP were verified on the spring (11.76%), and lower on the autumn/winter (9.15%), and the use of coated urea providing higher CP levels of the forage than common urea in all seasons (10.40% and 9.41% general average, respectively). The CP content increased linearly with the increase of N levels in all seasons, while the NDF reduced linearly with increasing of these levels, except for the fall season 2 (there was not effect for N dose - p>0.05). Intensification of nitrogen fertilization favors the leaf blades participation in the forage mass, benefiting the structural characteristics, the forage accumulation, and the nutritional value of Massai grass. Coated urea promotes greater NUE during all seasons of the year. / A busca pela melhor efici?ncia da aduba??o nitrogenada justifica a necessidade da avalia??o de fontes e doses de nitrog?nio (N) que promovam menores perdas para o ambiente, al?m de maior produtividade e qualidade da forragem produzida. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar a composi??o morfol?gica, as caracter?sticas estruturais e o valor nutricional da forragem do Panicum maximum cv. Massai, cultivado sob fontes de ureia (comum e revestida por Policote?) e doses de N (200, 400 e 600 kg ha-1 ano-1), durante as esta??es de outono, inverno e primavera de 2014, ver?o e outono de 2015. O Experimento foi conduzido na UFRRJ, Serop?dica/RJ, sob delineamento de blocos completos casualizados em arranjo fatorial (3x2) + 1, com quatro repeti??es. Para an?lise de vari?ncia dos dados utilizou-se o PROC MIXED do SAS? (vers?o 9.2), a 5% de probabilidade. As m?dias dos tratamentos foram comparadas pela PDIFF (p<0,05), e os efeitos quantitativos pelo PROC REG do SAS? (p<0,05). Houve intera??o (p<0,05) entre doses, fontes de ureia, e esta??es do ano para massa de forragem (MF), porcentagens de massas secas de l?minas foliares (PMSLF), de colmos (PMSC), e de material morto (PMSMM), rela??o l?mina foliar: colmo (RLFC), taxa de ac?mulo de forragem (TAF), efici?ncia da utiliza??o do nitrog?nio (EUN), e para os teores de mat?ria seca (MS) e prote?na bruta (PB) da forragem. J? a altura (ALT) dos doss?is, densidade populacional de perfilhos (DPP), peso por perfilho (PP) e densidade volum?trica da forragem (DVF), bem como os teores de mat?ria mineral (MM) e de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) da forragem variaram (p<0,05) com a intera??o entre dose de N e esta??o do ano. A MF aumentou linearmente com a aduba??o nitrogenada at? a dose de 600 kg ha-1 ano-1 de N nas esta??es de inverno e primavera para ambas as fontes de ureia. Maiores doses de N promoveram maiores PMSLF e menores PMSC e PMSMM na MF, al?m de proporcionar maiores DPP, DVF e TAF do capim-massai, durante as esta??es estudadas. Houve efeito quadr?tico positivo para EUN durante o outono 1, primavera, ver?o e outono 2 para ureia comum e revestida, com maiores pontos de m?ximo para ureia revestida, e durante o inverno houve efeito linear positivo somente para ureia revestida. Maior valor m?dio de PB foi verificado na primavera (11,76%), e menor no outono/inverno (9,15%), e o uso da ureia revestida promoveu maiores teores de PB na forragem que a ureia comum em todas as esta??es (m?dias gerais de 10,40% e de 9,41%, respectivamente). O teor PB aumentou linearmente com o incremento de doses de N em todas as esta??es, enquanto que os teores de FDN reduziram linearmente com aumento dessas doses, exceto para a esta??o outono 2 (n?o houve efeito de dose de N ? p>0,05). A intensifica??o da aduba??o nitrogenada favorece a participa??o de l?minas foliares na massa de forragem, beneficia as caracter?sticas estruturais, o ac?mulo de forragem, e o valor nutricional do capim-massai. O uso de ureia revestida promove maior EUN durante todas as esta??es do ano.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-24T17:20:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Agnaldo Machado de Andrade.pdf: 1647540 bytes, checksum: 99ee190f180231a22389dc30a31fa5eb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-24T17:21:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Agnaldo Machado de Andrade.pdf: 1647540 bytes, checksum: 99ee190f180231a22389dc30a31fa5eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-05 / CAPES / The aim of this study was to analyze horses? morphological traits and kinematics of pace, trot and gallop movements, as well as, upward and downward transitions on a high speed treadmill in horses without riders and mounted on a sand track. Thirteen Brasilian Sport Horses horses were used, 12 females and 1 castrated male with 9.0?2.8 years old mean age and 472.5?34.2 Kg mean weight, from the Army Cavalry School (EsEqEx). Linear, angular and perimeter measurements were performed with horses at forced statio. The animals were filmed at a standardized environment on the treadmill with black background and spotlights lighting. High-speed treadmill (Sahinco?) and sand track covered with flat and smooth floor were used. The images were obtained and processed by Simi Reality Motion Systems? and filmed by PiA640 Basler camera. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with two treatments (horses on a high speed treadmill and mounted horses on a sand track) in paired data and 13 replications (animals). The results were submitted to variance analysis and means were compared by paired t test (P<0.05). At the day of filming, the animal performed a war up for 10 minutes at walking, trotting and galloping speeds. On the track, horses were mounted by three experienced riding instructors. Horses were classified as medium shaped and hypermetric, being the mean values for IC and IDT 0.87 and 0.11, respectively. In kinematics analysis, the following variables studied were stride length, speed pace, support time, sleep time and members foot prints on the left and right sides. In the standing-pace course just suspension time and right side foot prints presented difference (p<0.05) with the highest mean values on treadmill of 0.39s and -0.22cm (retro foot prints). In the meeting step on the treadmill analysis differences were observed (p<0.05) in stride length, support time, sleep time and members foot prints on left and right sides with the highest mean values from treadmill analysis when comparing to the sand track. In the elongated pace course, treadmill analysis presented the highest mean values for stride length and pace speed 2.1m and 1.98m/s while sand track analysis presented the highest values for support time and members foot prints on the left and right sides. In upward transitions, the same variables were significative (p<0.05) for treadmill analysis, speed pace, sleep time and members foot prints on the left and right sides, however, on two transitions, support time was higher (p<0.05) for sand track analysis. In the downward transition from gallop to trot lower (p<0.05) support time and higher suspension time were observed, being 0.21s and 0.38s, respectively. Stride length was similar (p<0.05) on horses evaluated on a treadmill and sand track, however, speed of transition was higher on treadmill being 4.03m/s in regarding to sand track 3.2m/s. In conclusion, regarding the morphometry, horses were framed on the saddle pattern for medium shape and hypermetric and; regarding kinematics, suspension time was the only variable presenting higher values for treadmill in all transitions, while stride length and speed pace presented the highest mean values for treadmill apart from for station-pace and pace-trot transitions, suggesting it may be related to influences undefined on this study. / Objetivou-se analisar as caracter?sticas morfom?tricas dos equinos e a an?lise cinem?tica dos andamentos passo, trote e galope, assim como as transi??es ascendentes e descendentes desses andamentos em esteira de alta velocidade com os animais sem cavaleiro e em pista de areia montados. Foram utilizados 13 equinos da ra?a Brasileiro de Hipismo, sendo 12 f?meas e um macho castrado, com m?dia idade de 9,0 ? 2,8 anos e peso m?dio de 472,5 ? 34,2Kg provenientes da Escola de Equita??o do Ex?rcito (EsEqEx). As medidas lineares, angulares e de per?metro foram mensuradas com os equinos em esta??o for?ada. Os animais foram filmados em ambiente padronizado na esteira e na pista, com fundo preto e ilumina??o com holofotes. Foi utilizada esteira de alta velocidade (Sahinco?) e pista de areia coberta de piso plano e regular. As imagens foram obtidas e processadas no aplicativo Simi Reality Motion Systems? e filmada com c?mera Basler piA640. O ensaio foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos (equinos em esteira de alta velocidade e equinos montados em pista de areia), em esquema de dados pareados, 13 repeti??es (animais) e os resultados submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia e as m?dias comparadas pelo teste t pareado (P<0,05). No dia das filmagens, os animais realizaram aquecimento com tempo de 10 minutos, ao passo, trote e galope. Na pista os equinos foram montados por tr?s experientes instrutores de equita??o. Os equinos foram classificados em mediol?neos e hiperm?tricos, sendo as m?dias 0,87 e 0,11 para IC e IDT.Na an?lise cinem?tica, as vari?veis estudas foram comprimento da passada, velocidade da passada, tempo de apoio, tempo de suspens?o e pegadas dos membros em lateral esquerdo e direito. No andamento esta??o-passo s? houve diferen?a (p<0,05) para o tempo de suspens?o e pegada lateral direito com os maiores valores m?dios para an?lise na esteira, 0,39s e -0,22cm (retropegada). No passo reunido houve diferen?a (p<0,05) para comprimento da passada, tempo de apoio, tempo de suspens?o e para as pegadas dos membros em lateral esquerdo e direito com os maiores valores m?dios para a an?lise na esteira em rela??o a pista de areia. No andamento passo alongado a an?lise na esteira apresentou os maiores valores m?dios para comprimento da passada e velocidade da passada, 2,1m e 1,98m/s j? a an?lise na pista de areia apresentou maiores valores de tempo de apoio e para as pegadas em lateral esquerdo e direito. Nas transi??es ascendentes, apresentaram valores significativos (p<0,05) para an?lise na esteira, velocidade da passada, tempo de suspens?o e pegadas, por?m nas duas transi??es o tempo de apoio foi maior (p<0,05) na an?lise na pista de areia. Na transi??o descendente do andamento galope para o trote foi observado menor (p<0,05) tempo de apoio e maior tempo de suspens?o nos equinos avaliados na esteira, de 0,21s e 0,38s, respectivamente. O comprimento da passada foi semelhante (p>0,05) nos equinos avaliados em esteira e em pista de areia, por?m a velocidade de transi??o obteve maior valor nos equinos avaliados na esteira, de 4,03m/s em rela??o ? avalia??o em pista de areia, de 3,2m/s. Conclui-se a partir da morfometria os equinos foram enquadrados no padr?o de sela em mediol?neos e hiperm?tricos e na cinem?tica a ?nica vari?vel que se manteve com valor maior na esteira em todas as transi??es foi o tempo de suspens?o, j? o comprimento da passada e a velocidade da passada apresentaram maiores valores na esteira exceto nas transi??es esta??o-passo e trote-passo, o que pode esta relacionada a influ?ncias n?o definidas no estudo.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-26T19:19:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Douglas Mena do Couto.pdf: 606195 bytes, checksum: fa7a8535b5076ea8a9110160998332f1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-26T19:19:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Douglas Mena do Couto.pdf: 606195 bytes, checksum: fa7a8535b5076ea8a9110160998332f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-26 / CAPES / The research was conducted at the Instituto de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, located in the municipality of Serop?dica, state of Rio de Janeiro. We used 26 animals with 9 males entires, 9 castrated and 8 females aged 5 months and every breed. The animals received the same diet ad libitum, with 11% crude protein, 3.2 Mcal of metabolizable energy and 0.8 kg of dry matter meeting the nutrient requirements recommended by NRC (1981) for average daily gain of 0, 1 Kg morphometric measurements were carried out fortnightly in the morning before feeding, with the aid of tape being checked: withers height (WH), hip height (HH), heart girth (HG), perimeter barrel (PB), body length (BL), rump length (RL), chest width (CW) and rump width (RW). The evaluations of the body condition of the animals were done in prior to the slaughter. The procedures were performed by three examiners, who established score ranging from 1 to 5, according to visual observation and tactile regions rib, back and sternum, based on the degree of fat deposition and muscle development. As the largest increase in these tissues the body condition score. The goats were fasted solids for 14 hours before slaughter, and weighed (final weight - FH) immediately before. The morphometric measurements of carcass were: internal carcass length (CL), leg length (LL) and cushion thickness (CT) were obtained with the aid of tape and compass, in the case of the last measurement. There was not difference between groups, but the largest absolute values were found for bulls, steers and females respectively. This fact can be explained by the action of testosterone in whole animals, but as they were still in the onset of puberty may not have been enough for the secondary sex characteristics to excel. Goats breed is an alternative to meat production in intensive farming systems. The choice between the sexes to be created will depend on the infrastructure of the breeding, management and marketing to be stocked. / Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as medidas morfofuncionais, caracter?sticas de carca?a e a composi??o centesimal da carne de cabritos machos inteiros, machos castrados e f?meas. A pesquisa foi conduzida no Instituto de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, localizado no munic?pio de Serop?dica, estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram utilizados 26 animais sendo 9 machos inteiros, 9 machos castrados e 8 f?meas com idade de 5 meses e todos sem ra?a definida. Os animais receberam a mesma dieta, ? vontade, com 11% de prote?na bruta, 3,2 Mcal de energia metaboliz?vel e 0,8Kg de mat?ria seca atendendo as exig?ncias nutricionais recomendadas pelo NRC (1987) para o ganho de peso di?rio de 0,1 Kg. As pesagens foram realizadas quinzenalmente e as medi??es morfofuncionais tomadas no dia anterior ao abate, pela manh?, antes do arra?oamento, com o aux?lio de fita m?trica, sendo verificadas: altura de cernelha (AC), altura de garupa (AG), per?metro tor?cico (PT), per?metro de barril (PB), comprimento corporal (CC), comprimento de garupa (CG), largura de peito (LP) e largura de garupa (LG). As avalia??es da condi??o corporal dos animais foram feitas no dia anterior ao do abate. Os procedimentos foram executados por tr?s avaliadores, os quais estabeleceram pontua??o variando de 1 a 5, de acordo com observa??o visual e t?til das regi?es de lombo e esterno, com base no grau de deposi??o de gordura e desenvolvimento muscular. Conforme o aumento destes tecidos, maior o escore da condi??o corporal. Os cabritos foram submetidos a jejum de s?lidos por 14 horas antes do abate, e pesados (peso ao abate ? PA) imediatamente antes. As medidas morfofuncionais da carca?a foram: comprimento interno da carca?a (CIC), comprimento de perna (CP) e espessura de cox?o (EC) que foram obtidas com o aux?lio de fita m?trica e compasso, no caso da ?ltima mensura??o. N?o houve diferen?a entre os grupos estudados, por?m os maiores valores absolutos foram encontrados para os machos inteiros, castrados e f?meas respectivamente. Este fato pode ser explicado pela a??o da testosterona nos animais inteiros, mas como estavam ainda no in?cio da puberdade pode n?o ter sido suficiente para que as caracter?sticas sexuais secund?rias se destacassem. Cabritos de diferentes condi??es sexuais s?o alternativa para a produ??o de carne em sistemas de cria??o intensivos. A escolha entre os sexos a serem criados depender? da infraestrutura do criat?rio, manejo e mercado a ser abastecido.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-05-05T22:28:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaGabrielaDaTrindadeSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 500675 bytes, checksum: 5a09552b4209f2b36baf82068ee30017 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-05-05T22:41:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaGabrielaDaTrindadeSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 500675 bytes, checksum: 5a09552b4209f2b36baf82068ee30017 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-05T22:41:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaGabrielaDaTrindadeSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 500675 bytes, checksum: 5a09552b4209f2b36baf82068ee30017 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o uso da palma forrageira gigante (Opuntia ficus-indica) associada a fenos de leguminosas na alimenta??o de ovinos em sistema de confinamento. Foram utilizados 24 ovinos ?Soinga X ? SRPD (sem padr?o racial definido) com peso m?dio inicial de 21,38 ? 2,53 kg, distribu?dos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos e seis repeti??es. Os animais foram alojados em baias individuais para acompanhamento de ganho de peso, medi??o de consumo alimentar, determina??o do consumo e da digestibilidade aparente da mat?ria seca e dos nutrientes. Os quatro tratamentos foram compostos pelos diferentes tipos de fenos de leguminosas associados ? palma, sendo eles: PAFC: palma forrageira + feno de catanduva; PAFS: palma forrageira + feno de sabi?; PAFT: palma forrageira + feno de catingueira; PAFG: palma forrageira + feno de gliric?dia. Observou efeito do tratamento (P<0,05) sobre o consumo de mat?ria seca (CMS) expresso em kg/dia, %PV e PV0,75 com as seguintes m?dias: 1,21 kg/dia; 3,64%PV; 87,42PV0,75 respectivamente, como tamb?m para o consumo de mat?ria org?nica (CMO) 1,09kg/dia, consumo de fibra em detergente neutro (CFDN) 0,463kg/dia e consumo dos carboidratos totais (CCHOT) 0,867 kg/dia, com maiores m?dias para o tratamento PAFC. N?o foi observada influ?ncia dos tratamentos sobre o peso vivo final 33,18 kg, ganho de peso total 11,80 kg, ganho de peso m?dio di?rio 0,196 kg/dia, convers?o alimentar 6,48, efici?ncia alimentar 16,04%, consumo de prote?na bruta (CPB) 0,216 kg/dia, consumo de extrato et?reo (CEE) 0,015 kg/dia, consumo de carboidratos n?o fibrosos (CCNF) 0,414 kg/dia e digestibilidade aparente da MS, MO, PB e FDN com m?dias de 66,97%, 70,92%, 74,58% e 52,60% respectivamente. Conclui-se que a palma forrageira gigante (Opuntia ficus-indica) associada a fenos de leguminosas pode ser uma boa estrat?gia para a alimenta??o de ovinos em confinamento. / The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) associated with legume hays in sheep feeding in feedlot. Were utilized 24 sheep ? Soinga X ? SRPD (without defined breed) with an average weight initial of 21,38kg ? 2,53, distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. The animals were housed in individual stalls for monitoring weight gain (with weekly weighings), measuring food consumption, prediction of dry matter intake and nutrients, and nutrients apparent digestibility. Diets were composed of four treatments, which were represented by different types of legume hays associated with palm: PAFC: cactus pear + hay ?catanduva?; PAFS: cactus pear + hay ?sabi??; PAFT: cactus pear + hay ?catingueira?; PAFG: cactus pear + hay ?gliric?dia?. Was observed treatment effect (P <0,05) on dry matter intake (DMI) expressed as kg/day, % BW and BW0,75 with the following averages: 1,21kg/day; 3,64 %BW; 87,42 BW0,75 respectively, as well as the consumption of organic matter (OMI) 1,09 kg/day intake of neutral detergent fiber (NDFI) 0,463 kg/day and intake of total carbohydrates (CCHOTI) 0,867 kg/day with higher averages for the treatment PAFC. No was observed influence of treatment on final live weight 33,18 kg, live weight gain full 11,80 kg, gain live weight average daily 0,196 kg/day, feed conversion 6,48, feed efficiency 16,04%, crude protein intake (CPI) 0,216 kg/day, intake of extract ether (EEI) 0,015 kg/day, intake of non-fiber carbohydrates (CCNF) 0,414 kg/day and apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP and NDF with averages of 66,97%, 70,92%, 74,58% and 52,60% respectively. We conclude that the giant cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) associated with legume hays can be a good strategy for feeding sheep in confinement.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-09T18:09:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Stela Gomes Pelegrino.pdf: 247744 bytes, checksum: edcaaef4e983d4522513a9fcb967acdc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-09T18:09:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Stela Gomes Pelegrino.pdf: 247744 bytes, checksum: edcaaef4e983d4522513a9fcb967acdc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-29 / The search of better quality of the milk induces that changes and advances should be reached trought manipulation of de diet of the animals. The evaluation of the food absorption processes have been a very important in the investigation of the animal nutrition. The objective was to evaluate the on ruminal fermentation parameters in high yielding dairy cows fed total mixed ration (TMR). Eighteen Holstein cows in initial third of lactation were distributed to three groups. Cows were fed ad libitum thirty a day. The diet containing corn silage, barley, cottonseed and commercial ration, with forage:concentrate ratio of 45:55. Ruminal fluid was used for sampling at 0, 2, 4 and 6 hours after first meal for determination of ammonia, pH and VFA. The daily average intakes of nutrients, coefficients digestibility and milk production was evaluated how index of the production. There was no effect for averages of molar ruminal concentration ammonia. Was different, 4 hour after fed for the parameters: pH, VFA, acetic, butyric acids evidencing intense ruminal fermentative activity. Total VFA and pH was different in 4 hour after fed. The values of the propionic acid had followed the same trend of the AGV but they had not presented significant difference, the relation acetate: propionato was remained above of 3, keeping adjusted the text of fat of milk. This study demonstrates that the use of total diet provided a ruminal environment with adequate conditions of fermentation without large oscillations, what it diminishes the incidence of metabolic riots in cows of high production. / As melhores mudan?as na produ??o do leite podem ser atingidas atrav?s da manipula??o da dieta dos animais. Avaliar os processos de absor??o de alimentos direcionados para a s?ntese do leite tem sido de grande import?ncia nas pesquisas de nutri??o animal O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os par?metros ruminais de vacas de alta produ??o alimentadas com dieta total. Dezoito animais da ra?a Holandesa, no primeiro ter?o de lacta??o, foram divididos em tr?s grupos, por ordem de pari??o. Os animais receberam dieta total ? vontade (ad libitum) tr?s vezes ao dia composta por silagem de milho, cevada ?mida, caro?o de algod?o e ra??o comercial, com a rela??o volumoso:concentrado de 45:55. Amostras de l?quido ruminal foram coletadas nos hor?rios de 0, 2, 4 e 6 horas, ap?s a alimenta??o, no per?odo da manh?, sendo utilizadas para determina??es das concentra??es de am?nia, pH e AGV do l?quido ruminal. Os valores de consumo m?dio di?rio, coeficiente de digestibilidade, produ??o de leite foram avaliados como indicadores da produ??o. N?o foi observado efeito significante nas concentra??es m?dias ruminais de am?nia. Na quarta hora ap?s a alimenta??o foi observada diferen?a significativa dos par?metros: pH, AGV total, ?cidos ac?tico e but?rico, evidenciando a intensa atividade fermentativa ruminal. Os valores m?dios de ?cido propi?nico seguiram a mesma tend?ncia dos AGV mas n?o apresentaram diferen?a significativa, a rela??o acetato:propionato manteve-se acima de 3, mantendo adequado o teor de gordura do leite. Este trabalho demonstra que o uso de dieta total proporcionou um ambiente ruminal com condi??es adequadas de fermenta??o sem grandes oscila??es, o que diminui a incid?ncia de dist?rbios metab?licos em vacas de alta produ??o.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-26T17:16:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - D?bora Vaccari Quaresma.pdf: 1173077 bytes, checksum: 0e0b9793de160f78b63f62ad79e66290 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-26T17:16:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - D?bora Vaccari Quaresma.pdf: 1173077 bytes, checksum: 0e0b9793de160f78b63f62ad79e66290 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-01 / Two experiments were conducted to determine methionine + cystine requirements. The treatments were determined from the basal diet, which was supplemented with increasing values of 99% DL-methionine as a replacement for corn starch. The following values were studied: 0.531; 0.648; 0.765, 0.882, and 0.999% of digestible methionine + cystine for the growth stage and 0.493, 0.600, 0.707, 0.814, and 0.921% of digestible methionine + cystine for the final stage. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and four replicates of 28 chickens per experimental unit, in a total of 560 chickens in experiment 1 and 24 chickens per experimental unit, in a total of 480 chickens in experiment 2. The responses were studied by means of regression analysis, and the estimates of nutritional requirements were determined, when possible, through the study of the quadratic model. Methionine + cystine requirements were estimated at 0.915% for greater weight gain and 0.990% for better feed conversion in the period from 29 to 56 days of age and at 0.815% for greater weight gain and 0.777% for better feed conversion in the period between 57 and 84 days of age. The results of this experiment showed that there are high nutritional requirements for broilers with lower genetic potential, when expressed as a percentage. This is partly due to lower daily consumption when compared with chickens with higher genetic potential. Given the high economic worth of this product on the market, suitable values can be 0.915% methionine + cystine in the period from 28 to 56 days of age and 0.815% methionine + cystine in the period between 57 and 84 days of age. The ratio methionine + digestible cystine/lysine for maximum performance are 83.49% in the period from 28 to 56 days and 74.36% in the period from 57 to 84 days. / Foram realizados dois experimentos para a determina??o da exig?ncia de metionina + cistina digest?vel, sendo os tratamentos estabelecidos a partir da ra??o basal que foi suplementada com valores crescentes de DL- metionina 99% em substitui??o ao ingrediente amido de milho. Foram estudados os valores de 0,531; 0,648; 0,765; 0,882 e 0,999% de metionina + cistina digest?vel para a fase de crescimento e de 0,493; 0,600; 0,707; 0,814 e 0,921% de metionina + cistina digest?vel para a fase final. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repeti??es de 28 aves por unidade experimental, totalizando 560 aves no experimento 1 e 24 aves por unidade experimenta, totalizando 480 aves no experimento 2. As respostas foram estudadas por meio de an?lise de regress?o, sendo as estimativas de exig?ncias nutricionais estabelecidas, quando poss?vel, atrav?s do estudo do modelo quadr?tico. As exig?ncias de metionina + cistina digest?vel foram estimadas em 0,915% para maior ganho de peso e 0,990% para melhor convers?o alimentar no per?odo de 29 a 56 dias de idade e em 0,815% para melhor ganho de peso e 0,777% para melhor convers?o alimentar no per?odo de 57 a 84 dias de idade. Os resultados do presente experimento evidenciam que as exig?ncias nutricionais de frangos de corte de menor potencial gen?tico, quando expressas em porcentual, s?o elevadas, em parte devido ao menor consumo di?rio quando comparado aos frangos de maior potencial gen?tico. Devido ? grande valoriza??o econ?mica deste produto no mercado podem ser recomendados os valores de 0,915% de metionina + cistina no per?odo de 28 a 56 dias de idade e de 0,815% de metionina + cistina no per?odo de 57 a 84 dias de idade. As rela??es metionina + cistina/lisina digest?vel para m?ximo desempenho s?o de 83,49% no per?odo de 28 a 56 dias e 74,36% no per?odo de 57 a 84 dias.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-07-26T19:13:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Rafaella da Rocha Olivieri de Barros.pdf: 1073198 bytes, checksum: 3c937f14e3f35d33626678d52bcc9967 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-26T19:13:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Rafaella da Rocha Olivieri de Barros.pdf: 1073198 bytes, checksum: 3c937f14e3f35d33626678d52bcc9967 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-03 / CAPES / Livestock productive process is based primarily on reproductive efficiency of the cattle breeding. An appropriate reproductive efficiency of cattle is essential to maximize the milk and meat production. Reproductive efficiency is one of the parameters to evaluate the productivity of cattle on climatic, nutritional, genetic and management conditions. Zebu breeds are applied to the climate of the tropics. The Sindhi breed, with a double ability, is one of the many zebu breeds raised in Brazil and has been studied for the milk genetic improvement. In this sense, the aim of this study was to identify the productive and reproductive averages of Sindhi breed females and evaluate if there is influence of reproductive parameters on milk production in this breed when raised in different regions of Brazil. To this end, data provided by ABCZ on the reproductive and productive performance of 638 dairy cows Sindhi breed, raised the North, Northeast, Midwest and Southeast regions of Brazil, were collected. For statistical analysis, the computer program SAS (Statistical Analysis System) (2004) were used, which initially analysis of variance (proc GLM) was performed, followed by analysis of correlation (proc CORR) among reproductive traits and between these and the milk production. Averages for age at first calving (IPP), calving age (IP), calving interval (IDP), service period (PS), reproductive efficiency (ER), milk yield (PL), lactation period (DL) and total milk production (PTL) were respectively 1549.83 ? 560.47 days; 1843.53 ? 739.99 days; 533.28 ? 206.66 days; 248.28 ? 206.66 days; 75.46 ? 19.95%; 7.08 ? 2.78 kg of milk.day-1; 263.22 ? 63.51 days and 1875.28 ? 893.36 kg of milk.lactation-1. The parameters IPP, parity order (OP), IP, IDP, ER and DL were separated into categories and there was no significant difference of milk production among different categories. Parity order showed correlation with the lactation period, showing that the lower the parity order, the lower will be the lactation period. Therefore, it can be concluded that Sindhi breed showed high values for age at first calving and median values for milk production, calving interval and reproductive efficiency when compared to the reproductive parameters Brazilian averages for zebu. / O processo produtivo da pecu?ria bovina fundamenta-se, primariamente, na efici?ncia reprodutiva dos rebanhos. Uma adequada efici?ncia reprodutiva dos bovinos ? essencial para maximizar a produ??o de leite e de carne. A efici?ncia reprodutiva ? um dos par?metros capazes de avaliar a produtividade dos rebanhos bovinos diante de fatores clim?ticos, nutricionais, gen?ticos e de manejo. Zebu?nos s?o animais adaptados ao clima dos tr?picos. O gado Sindi, de dupla aptid?o, ? uma das muitas ra?as zebu?nas criadas no Brasil e vem sendo estudada no melhoramento gen?tico para leite. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as m?dias produtivas e reprodutivas de f?meas da ra?a Sindi e avaliar se h? influ?ncia de par?metros reprodutivos sobre a produ??o leiteira de matrizes desta ra?a, criadas em diversas regi?es do Brasil. Para tanto foram coletados dados fornecidos pela ABCZ sobre o desempenho reprodutivo e produtivo de 638 matrizes da ra?a Sindi criadas nas regi?es Norte, Nordeste, Centro-oeste e Sudeste do Brasil. Para a an?lise estat?stica foi utilizado o programa computacional SAS (Statistical Analysis System) (2004), onde, inicialmente foi realizada an?lise de vari?ncia (proc GLM) seguida de an?lise de correla??o (proc CORR) entre as caracter?sticas reprodutivas e entre estas e a produ??o de leite. As m?dias para idade ao primeiro parto (IPP), idade ao parto (IP), intervalo de partos (IDP), per?odo de servi?o (PS), efici?ncia reprodutiva (ER), produ??o de leite (PL), dura??o da lacta??o (DL) e produ??o total de leite (PTL) foram respectivamente: 1549,83 ? 560,47 dias, 1843,53 ? 739,99 dias, 533,28 ? 206,66 dias, 248,28 ? 206,66 dias, 75,46 ? 19,95%, 7,08 ? 2,78 kg de leite.dia-1, 263,22 ? 63,51 dias e 1875,28 ? 893,36 kg de leite.lacta??o-1. Os par?metros IPP, ordem de parto (OP), IP, IDP, ER e DL, foram separados em classes e n?o mostraram diferen?a significativa na produ??o de leite entre as diferentes classes. A ordem de parto apresentou correla??o com a dura??o da lacta??o, mostrando que quanto menor for ? ordem de parto, menor ser? a dura??o da lacta??o. Portanto, conclui-se que a ra?a Sindi apresentou valores elevados para idade ao primeiro parto e medianos para produ??o de leite, intervalo de partos e efici?ncia reprodutiva quando comparados as m?dias brasileiras destes mesmos par?metros para zebu?nos.