This research looks at identifying and classifying changes in evolving software by making simple textual comparisons between groups of source code files. The two areas investigated are software origin analysis and collusion detection. Textual comparison is attractive because it can be used in the same way for many different programming languages. The research includes the first major study using machine learning techniques in the domain of software origin analysis, which looks at the movement of code in an evolving system. The training set for this study, which focuses on restructured files, is created by analysing 89 software systems. Novel features, which capture abstract patterns in the comparisons between source code files, are used to build models which classify restructured files fromunseen systems with a mean accuracy of over 90%. The unseen code is not only in C, the language of the training set, but also in Java and Python, which helps to demonstrate the language independence of the approach. As well as generating features for the machine learning system, textual comparisons between groups of files are used in other ways throughout the system: in filtering to find potentially restructured files, in ranking the possible destinations of the code moved from the restructured files, and as the basis for a new file comparison tool. This tool helps in the demanding task of manually labelling the training data, is valuable to the end user of the system, and is applicable to other file comparison tasks. These same techniques are used to create a new text-based visualisation for use in collusion detection, and to generate a measure which focuses on the unusual similarity between submissions. This measure helps to overcome problems in detecting collusion in data where files are of uneven size, where there is high incidental similarity or where more than one programming language is used. The visualisation highlights interesting similarities between files, making the task of inspecting the texts easier for the user.

OPTIMUS MOTUS (R) ist ein grafischer Editor, um komplexe Bewegungsabläufe zu modellieren, zu optimieren, zu testen und schließlich als Funktionsbausteine für die SPS-Welt zu exportieren. So können SPS-Bewegungsprogramme erheblich schneller entwickelt und geändert werden als bei manueller Programmentwicklung. Die aus der Kurventechnik bekannte Bewegungsqualität kommt damit auch bei Servoantrieben zum Tragen. Das Debugging entfällt, weil die Quelltexte maschinell erzeugt werden.

This master thesis covers re-engineering methods of legacy systems. Legacy system is an old system, which is hardly compliant with modern technologies and used only because it has become an integral part of organization business process support during the long period of its maintenance. These systems are large, monolithic and difficult to modify, and cost and risk of their replacement are difficult to predict. The science of software engineering offers an incremental modernization of information systems applying the re-engineering of legacy software. The main goal of software re-engineering is to transform the software in the way, it would become easier to understand, maintain and re-use, at the same time preserving its useful, time trusted functions. The main re-engineering methods are source code translation, reverse engineering and data re-engineering. This thesis covers the analysis of these methods, which was made during the re-engineering of wood production and sales accounting system. The adoption and realization time rate of every method was examined. The influence of the applied re-engineering methods to the system reliability, efficiency, usability and other quality metrics is given.

The success of a software project is strongly related with architectural design. However, designing the right Software Architecture is a very subjective task and takes a long time, being much influenced by architect's experience and the quality of requirements engineering. This architectural knowledge, usually, is not documented, since it is considered tacit knowledge of architects or other stakeholders, and eventually dissipates. It is also essentially important to ensure the consistency between software architecture and implementation. However, this mapping is usually made manually, based only on the developer's understanding over the software architecture, which requires high discipline. Thus, errors can arise during this phase, compromising the consistency amongst architectural decisions and source code. The objective of this work is to present a tool-based solution that supports young architects by recommending a suitable architectural style, based on the system's requirements, particularly the quality attributes of the system. The tool encompasses both trade-o resolution over quality attributes and recommendation of architectural styles based on quality attributes. Finally, based on the recommended architecture, the tool will generate the system structural source-code, using a component implementation model called COSMOS*, providing traceability between architectural design and implementation. The proposed solution has been evaluated in the context of a specific domain of Learning Management System (LMS), in order to illustrate the tool support in the execution of an architectural design process. / O sucesso de um projeto de software está fortemente relacionado com o projeto arquitetural. No entanto, projetar a arquitetura de software correta é uma tarefa muito subjetiva e leva muito tempo, sendo muito influenciada pela experiência do arquiteto e a qualidade da engenharia de requisitos. Este conhecimento arquitetural, geralmente, não está documentado, uma vez que é considerado o conhecimento tácito dos arquitetos ou dos interessados, e, eventualmente, se dissipa. Também é essencialmente importante assegurar a consistência entre a arquitetura de software e a implementação. No entanto, esse mapeamento é feito manualmente na maioria das vezes, baseado apenas no entendimento do desenvolvedor sobre a arquitetura, exigindo disciplina por parte dele. Assim, erros podem surgir durante esta fase, comprometendo a consistência entre as decisões arquiteturais e o código fonte. Em face destas dificuldades, foi desenvolvido este trabalho, cujo o objetivo é apresentar uma ferramenta que apoie jovens arquitetos com a recomendação de um estilo arquitetural adequado, baseado nos requisitos do sistema, particularmente os atributos de qualidade do sistema. A ferramenta compreende tanto resolução trade-off sobre os atributos de qualidade e recomendação de estilos arquiteturais com base em atributos de qualidade. Por fim, com base na arquitetura recomendada, a ferramenta irá gerar o código estrutural do sistema, utilizando um modelo de implementação de componente chamado COSMOS*, proporcionando rastreabilidade entre projeto arquitetural e a implementação. A solução proposta foi avaliada no contexto de um domínio específico dos Ambientes Virtuais e Aprendizagem (AVA), a m de ilustrar o suporte da ferramenta na execução de um processo de projeto arquitetural.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-06T19:48:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marcello Henrique Dias de Moura - 2013.pdf: 3325482 bytes, checksum: 45be62e46fd5fda90d1d0561482a3d85 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2017-11-06T19:49:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marcello Henrique Dias de Moura - 2013.pdf: 3325482 bytes, checksum: 45be62e46fd5fda90d1d0561482a3d85 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-06T19:49:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marcello Henrique Dias de Moura - 2013.pdf: 3325482 bytes, checksum: 45be62e46fd5fda90d1d0561482a3d85 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-22 / Version Control Systems are repositories that store source code changes done by software developers. Research that extracts data from these repositories for analysis can be classified into two groups: those that focus on the development process and the ones that focus on the developers. The present dissertation investigates the second case and contributes to the field by providing: (a) the definition of a history file that summarizes changes made to software in line and file levels, (b) a set of metrics to evaluate the work of the developers; and (c) two approaches for comparing the developers based on their metrics. A computational system that implements these metrics and approaches was built and applied to two case studies of real software development projects. The results obtained in the studies were positive. They were consistent with the general perception of project managers about the work done by the developers. They also leaded to new ideas for improving the research.We believe that these contributions are a step towards a better understanding and characterization of the way about how software developers work. / Repositórios de Controle de Versão são sistemas que armazenam mudanças no código fonte realizadas por desenvolvedores de software. As pesquisas que extraem dados desses repositórios para análise podem ser classificadas em dois grupos: as que focam no processo de desenvolvimento e as que focam no desenvolvedor. O presente trabalho investiga o segundo aspecto contribuindo para o assunto com: (a) a definição de um histórico de arquivos que sumariza as mudanças realizadas no software em nível de linha e de arquivo; (b) um conjunto de métricas visando avaliar o trabalho dos desenvolvedores; e (c) duas propostas de abordagem para comparar os desenvolvedores. Um sistema computacional que implementa essas métricas e as abordagens foi construído, tendo sido aplicado em dois estudos de casos envolvendo projetos reais de desenvolvimento de software. Os resultados obtidos nos estudos foram positivos, coincidindo, em geral, com a percepção de gerentes de projetos sobre o trabalho dos desenvolvedores e apontando para novas ideias de evolução da pesquisa. Consideramos que este é um passo no sentido de entender e caracterizar melhor a forma de trabalho dos desenvolvedores.

För att upptäcka defekta luftmunstycken har Ecco Finishing AB i Skara tagit fram en ny provutrustning som ska ersätta en otillförlitlig och osäker befintlig provmaskin. Ecco Fi-nishing AB vill hitta en tillförlitlig och säker mätmetod som ska mäta mängd vatten i 50 provrör. Examensarbetets övergripande mål är att hitta en noggrann och repeterbar mätmetod för nivåmätning av vätska i provrören. Två mätmetoder utvärderades som är mest lämpliga för nivåmätningen, visionsystem och mätning genom vägning. Anledningen till att valet ham-nade på dessa två mätmetoder är provutrustningens provrör, dels att det är många mätpunkter och för att det är små provrör. Det gjordes tjugo experiment för visionsystem och tjugo ex-periment för vägningsmetod för att utvärdera och beskriva för - och nackdelar. Experimenten av visionsystem och vägning gjordes först i laborationsfas för att sedan testas på företagets befintliga provutrustning. Resultaten av mätningar sparades i ett Excel-ark som användes för att utvärdera insamlade data. Utvärderingarna jämfördes mot uppsatta mål, tillförlitlighet, noggrannhet, repeterbarhet, automatisk rapportering av resultat och tid för mätningen. Vis-ionsystem rekommenderas för fortsatt arbete och implementation på den befintliga provut-rustningen. / To detect defective air nozzles, Ecco Finishing AB in Skara has developed a new test equip-ment to replace an unreliable and uncertain existing test machine. Ecco Finishing AB wants to find a reliable and safe measurement method that will measure the amount of water in 50 test tubes. The overall goal of the thesis is to find a precise and repeatable measurement method for level measurement of fluid in the test tubes. Two measurement methods were evaluated that are most suitable for level measurement, vision systems and measurement by weighing. The reason for the choice of these two measurement methods is the test tubes of the test equipment, and that there are many measuring points and because of the small test tubes. Twenty experiments for vision systems and twenty experiments for weighing method were made to evaluate and describe pros and cons. The experiments of vision systems and weighing were first made in the laboratory phase and then tested on the company's existing test equipment. The results of measurements were saved in an Excel sheet used to evaluate collected data. The evaluations were compared to set goals, reliability, accuracy, repeatabil-ity, automatic reporting of results and time of measurement. Vision systems are recom-mended for continued work and implementation on the existing test equipment.

The goal of this disertation was to develop a maturity model for source code of object-oriented applications and to use this model to verify the quality of the source code of student's applications. The starting point of the thesis was devoted to the analysis of existing standards, norms, methodologies and summaries of best practice for assessing the quality of software products and analysis of the factors that affect the quality of the source code of object applications. To validate the results of the analysis of these factors, the analysis was complemented with a field research conducted among specialist with programming experience. The model to determine the maturity of source code of object-oriented applications was designed according to the analysis and the questionnaire. The statistical method of cluster analysis was used in the design of the model. The model was designed and the procedure of its use in the evaluation of source code was described. This model was pilot tested in education program at the University of Economics in Prague.

Developers of software systems have to communicate about the project they are building. Especially when working in a distributed development team, such as open source projects, developers must use an asynchronous means of communication. Studies tell us that e-mails are, by far, the means of communication mostly used during the distributed development, opposed to instant messaging, commit comments, or code comments. Therefore, we can imagine archives containing development e-mails enclose essential information concerning various entities of the source code. Unfortunately, such information gets lost with time, since relevant e-mails are hard to retrieve. We have developed REmail, an Eclipse plug-in, to integrate e-mail communication in the IDE. It allows developers to seamlessly handle source code entities and e-mails concerning the source code, without ever exiting from the IDE. Using lightweight linking techniques, REmail retrieves all the e-mails relevant to the chosen source code entities and makes them available to the developer.

OPTIMUS MOTUS (R) ist ein grafischer Editor, um komplexe Bewegungsabläufe zu modellieren, zu optimieren, zu testen und schließlich als Funktionsbausteine für die SPS-Welt zu exportieren. So können SPS-Bewegungsprogramme erheblich schneller entwickelt und geändert werden als bei manueller Programmentwicklung. Die aus der Kurventechnik bekannte Bewegungsqualität kommt damit auch bei Servoantrieben zum Tragen. Das Debugging entfällt, weil die Quelltexte maschinell erzeugt werden.

<p>Nowadays, Dynamic Geometry Software (DGS) is widely accepted as a tool for creating and presenting visually rich interactive teaching and learning materials, called dynamic drawings. Dynamic drawings are specified by writing expressions in functional domain-specific languages. Due to wide acceptance of DGS, there has arisen a need for their extensibility, by adding new semantics and visual objects (visuals). We have developed a programming framework for the Dynamic Geometry Software, SLGeometry, with a genericized functional language and corresponding expression evaluator that act as a framework into which specific semantics is embedded in the form of code annotated with metadata. The framework transforms an ordinary expression tree evaluator into an object-oriented one, and provide guidelines and examples for creation of interactive objects with dynamic properties, which participate in evaluation optimization at run-time. Whereas other DGS are based on purely functional expression evaluators, our solution has advantages of being more general, easy to implement, and providing a natural way of specifying object properties in the user interface, minimizing typing and syntax errors.LGeometry is implemented in C# on the .NET Framework. Although attributes are a preferred mechanism to provide association of declarative information with C# code, they have certain restrictions which limit their application to representing complex structured metadata. By developing a metadata infrastructure which is independent of attributes, we were able to overcome these limitations. Our solution, presented in this&nbsp; dissertation, provides extensibility to simple and complex data types, unary and binary operations, type conversions, functions and visuals, thus enabling developers to seamlessly add new features to SLGeometry by implementing them as C# classes annotated with metadata. It also provides insight into the way a domain specific functional language of dynamic geometry software can be genericized and customized for specific needs by extending or restricting the set of types, operations, type conversions, functions and visuals.Furthermore, we have conducted&nbsp; experiments with several groups of students of mathematics and high school pupils, in order to test how our approach compares to the existing practice. The experimental subjects tested mathematical games using interactive visual controls (UI controls) and sequential behavior controllers. Finally, we present a new evaluation algorithm, which was compared to the usual approach employed in DGS and found to perform well, introducing advantages while maintaining the same level of performance.</p> / <p>U dana&scaron;nje vreme softver za dinamičku geometriju (DGS) je &scaron;iroko prihvaćen kao alat za kreiranje i prezentovanje vizuelno bogatih interaktivnih nastavnih materijala i materijala za samostalno učenje, nazvanih dinamičkim crtežima. Kako je raslo prihvatanje softvera za dinamičku geometriju, tako je i rasla potreba da se oni pro&scaron;iruju, dodajući im novu semantiku i vizualne objekte. Razvili smo programsko okruženje za softver za dinamičku geometriju, SLGeometry, sa generičkim&nbsp; funkcionalnim jezikom i odgovarajućim evaluatorom izraza koji čini okruženje u kom su ugrađene specifične semantike u obliku koda označenog metapodacima. Ovo okruženje pretvara uobičajen evaluator stabla izraza u objektno orijentiran, te daje uputstva i primere za stvaranje interaktivnih objekata sa dinamičkim osobinama, koji sudeluju u optimizaciji izvr&scaron;enja tokom izvođenja. Dok se drugi DGS-ovi temelje na čisto funkcionalnim evaluatorima izraza, na&scaron;e rje&scaron;enje ima prednosti jer je uop&scaron;tenije, lako za implementaciju i pruža prirodan način navođenja osobina objekta u korisničkom interfejsu, minimizirajući kucanje i sintaksne gre&scaron;ke. SLGeometry je implementirana u jeziku C# .NET Framework-a. Iako su atributi preferiran mehanizam, koji povezuje C# k&ocirc;d sa deklarativnim informacijama, oni imaju određena ograničenja koja limitiraju njihovu primenu za predstavljanje složenih strukturiranih metapodataka. Razvijanjem infrastrukture metapodataka koja je nezavisna od atributa, uspeli smo prevladati ta ograničenja. Na&scaron;e re&scaron;enje, predstavljeno u ovoj disertaciji, pruža pro&scaron;irivost: jednostavnim i složenim vrstama podataka, unarnim i binarnim operacijama, konverzijama tipova, funkcijama i vizuelnim objektima, omogućavajući&nbsp; time programerima da neprimetno dodaju nove osobine u SLGeometry&nbsp; implementirajući ih kao C# klase označene metapodacima.</p>