Tonmeisters tune the sound of music productions. Besides aspects like spectral bal- ance, loudness and dynamics, spaciousness plays an important role. Music of different genres tends towards different degrees of spaciousness due to generic aesthetic ideals and practical reasons. In this paper, we compare the degree of spaciousness as intended by the Tonmeister and perceived by the listener. 150 music excerpts from 5 different genres (electronica, classical, jazz, rock and ethno) are analyzed. The Tonmeister’s intention is derived from the literature and from analysis with a goniometer. The listeners perception is obtained from a listening test with 13 participants. The listening test revealed different adjectives for each genre relating to a spacious perception. We found that general rules as suggested in the literature are barely reflected in the goniometer results or the subjective impressions. Subjective impressions are largely contradictory.

Personal space is a spatial privacy layer that regulates access to the self, without it our ability to function properly is impaired. An attack on the personal space is an attack on the person itself. Thus, personal space can be seen as a part of the self. The environment can be a part of personal space and therefore also seen as part of the self. Personal space, as the direct space surrounding the body, is framing the conscious experience of self. Due to its abstract nature, it is more appropriate to impact that experience by framing personal space through the environment. How to bridge something that fleeting with something so concreate is not obvious. This thesis tries to find a useful methodology for this through available research, own experiments, and discussion. Theories about stimulation, affordance theory, and prospect refuge theory, seems to together capture the whole quite well into something more tangible. The experience of personal space is concluded to be too ambiguous to properly design around and letting the user regulate it themselves by moving through a dynamic environment seems more fruitful. Ambient factors impact the need of personal space but the thresholds between spaces are where dynamics of the larger environment is concentrated. Therefore, they are more decisive in framing personal space and the architect’s attention should arguably be directed towards these.

5 Abstract This essay presents an attempt to interpret the key moments of Heidegger's conception of spaciousness. Considering the fact, that Heidegger didn't publish his understanding of spaciousness in any systematic form, it is necessary to work with a great amount of primary texts often available only in a fragmentary shape. Another difficulty is given by the author's use of language, which requires very demanding translations; we always translate the source texts in this paper. Within his conception termed as the topology of being Heidegger attempts to think about the space not as a measurable quantity, but in correlation with the Greek concept of τόπος, i.e. the qualitatively determined place. This essay concentrates on Heidegger's early work as well as on his late period, during which the topological thinking plays a central role; it also tries to identify the connection between them. The understanding of thinking as a way is essential, as well as the connection of thinking and poetry and the relation between space and time, which are considered of equal value in Heidegger's late work. Merely outlined remain other directions, which may be taken by further research within Heidegger's concept of spaciousness: the critique of the contemporary way of the uncovering of the world, the deepened relation with...

Denna studie är ett examensarbete som har utförts som en del av utbildningen inom Produktutveckling med inriktning Ljusdesign på Tekniska Högskolan i Jönköping vårterminen 2018. Varje utomhusmiljö är unik och förändras efter dygnet och årstiderna vilket i sin tur gör den komplex. Dygnet runt används det offentliga stadsrummet frekvent av dess invånare och besökare. För att vilja och våga vistas i stadsrummet även under kvällstid utgör belysningen en viktig roll. Genom att framhäva olika platsers rumslighet och atmosfär utefter rummet och människan kan mer trivsamma och trygga platser skapas för att både mötas och vistas på. Syftet med denna studie har varit att få en djupare förståelse av hur människan upplever rumslighet och atmosfär med varierad ljusfördelning i ett offentligt exteriört stadsrum. Genom att utföra en experimentell situation i fullskala på ett gångstråk/en allé i de centrala delarna av Jönköping kunde fyra ljusscener i ett och samma rum studeras, detta möjliggjorde att trovärdig och jämförbar data kunde inhämtas för att sedan analyseras. Av studiens resultat framgår att människans upplevelse är individuell och att dess rörelsemönster i ett rum varierar beroende på hur ljuset är uppställt. Beroende på faktorer som könsfördelning, tidigare erfarenheter och platsens utformning bidrar också detta till hur ett rum upplevs mellan individen. Oavsett om upplevelsen av ett rum betraktas utifrån eller inifrån upplever människor det vara lika. Hur ett rums dimensioner framhävs i form av dess höjd, bredd och djup kan upplevelsen av rummets form påverkas. En jämn kontrastvariation mellan ljus och mörker skapar ett mer inbjudande intryck vilket kan bidra till en ökad upplevelse av trygghet samt underlätta orienterbarheten. / This study is a bachelor thesis that has been carried out as a part of the course in Product Development with focus Lighting Design at Jönköping University, School of Engineering spring term 2018. Every outdoor environment is unique as the seasons and the developing day which in turn makes it complex. The public urban space is frequently used by its inhabitants and visitors throughout the day. The function of lighting is therefore essential for the individual's role of wanting and daring to reside in the urban spaces also during the evening. By emphasizing the spaciousness and atmosphere of different environments along the room and the individual, more comfortable and safe places can be created for both meeting and staying on. The purpose of this study has been to get a profound understanding of how different individuals experience of spatiality and atmosphere with varied light distribution in a public exterior urbanspace. By conducting an experimental full-scale situation on a walkway/avenue in the central parts of Jönköping, four different light scenes could be studied in the same exterior room. This enabled credible and comparable data to be retrieved and then analyzed. The study results show that the human experience is individual and that its movement patterns in a room vary, depending on how the light is set. Further factors as gender, past experiences and site design contributes to how a room is experienced between individuals. It has emerged from the study that whether or not a room is viewed from within or from without perspective, the experience among the participants is perceived equally. Depending on how an environmental dimension is accentuated in terms of its height, width and depth, the perception of the actual creation of the room can be influenced. An even contrast between light and dark creates a more inviting impression, which can contribute to an increased sense of security and facilitate orientation.