The aim of this thesis is to describe and bring the issue of the position of spouses in insolvency proceedings to the reader. In last few years this issue has become more and more relevant and brought a lot of questions and problems to case law but also to the legislation that deals with it. The thesis is divided into three chapters. Chapter One introduces the basic terminology used in the thesis to the reader in order to help him or her understand issues presented later. The definitions of following concepts may be found in this chapter: insolvency proceedings, insolvency and its solution modes, marriage, common property of spouses and the estate in insolvency proceedings. Chapter Two deals with the discharge of the debts of spouses which represents the new legal institute adopted by Act No. 294/2013 Coll., which changes the Act No. 186/2006 Coll., on insolvency and its solution modes (Insolvency Act) and Act No. 312/2006 Coll., on insolvency administrators (hereinafter referred to as "revising amendment"). The first subchapter briefly illustrates the previous legislation so the reader can compare the differences and note the changes brought by the revising amendment. The following subchapters describe the whole process of discharge of the debts step by step concentrating on the specifics of...

The subject matter of my Master's degree thesis is the issue of divorce proceedings. The main aim of this thesis is to put an interpretation on the currently effective legislation on divorce proceedings and divorce itself as it follows mainly from Act No. 292/2013 Coll., on Special Judicial Proceedings and Act No. 89/2012 Coll., the Civil Code. Divorce is the only legally permissible way in the Czech Republic how to terminate marriage within both spouses' lives. It leads to severe legal consequences affecting not just spouses themselves but alternatively their legitimate children as well. Therefore it requires a set of special rules and special proceedings so that courts may ascertain the presence of the irretrievable breakdown of marriage which only justifies allowing divorce and decide spouses' personal and property relations in connection with divorce. This thesis is divided into five parts which all bear certain relation to divorce proceedings. The first part provides an overview of divorce regulations throughout Czech history up to now. The second part firstly addresses the relation between substantive law and procedural law regarding divorce. Subsequently, it focuses on substantive legislation on divorce in the Czech Republic. All local possible types of divorce, the divorce ground and results...

This thesis deals with issues concerning community property of spouses with a special regard to its settlement. The objective of the thesis is to summarize the development of property regimes between spouses starting from community property up to the current legislation, that has been subjected to a detailed analysis and evaluated in the context of the previous regulation as well as other valid legal institutes, which are of matters similiar to those of community property settlement. The first chapter of the general part of the thesis provides a brief summary of previous regulation of matrimonial property regimes and focusing on three principal questions, namely the extent of community property of spouses, the possibility to adjust the extent of community property of spouses and the settlement of community property. The second chapter covers the principal concepts that are relevant to the settlement of community property of spouses. The key part of thesis begins with a summary of fundamental changes, concerning the community property settlement, that were established by the new Civil Code in 2014. The chapter dealing with the extent of community property of spouses first emphasizes the changes of the extent of community property, and then concentrates on the most important ones, that have influence...

This diploma thesis describes the main specifics of position of spouses in insolvency proceedings, which is recently more and more relevant, but there is a lot of application and interpretation ambiguilties, which are related with this topic. This problem is by degrees solved by case law. The content of the diploma thesis is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, the author gives a brief description of the history of the insolvency proceedings. The author's attention is paid especially to the regulation, which preceded the force of the Act. No. 294/2013 Coll., which changes the Act No. 186/2006 Coll., on insolvency and its solution modes (Insolvency Act) and Act No. 312/2006 Coll., on insolvency administrators. The emphasis is placed on the three ways of discharge of debts, which were possible for spouses in that time. The second chapter, defines terms, that are closely related to the topic and are necessary for further treatise of insolvency proceedings. These are marriage, common property of the spouses, insolvency proceedings and its solution modes. The third and also the main chapter of the whole work is devoted to discharge of debts of spouses. It is a relatively new institute, which was regulated by the Act No. 294/2013 Coll., which changes the Act No. 186/2006 Coll., on insolvency...

Magister Artium (Social Work) - MA(SW) / Emergency services personnel are potentially exposed to events involving trauma, suffering and tragedy on a daily basis, which could consequently lead to secondary trauma and post- traumatic stress symptoms. The images and feelings that are associated with continuously being exposed to traumatic situations are not limited to the emergency services personnel, who are primarily exposed to the event, but these events can also have an effect on the significant others in their environment, such as their spouses. The aim of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of secondary trauma among the spouses of emergency services personnel. The research study followed a qualitative research approach, which provided in-depth descriptions and understandings of the participants’ secondary trauma experiences. The research design was explorative and descriptive in nature. Purposive sampling was used to select eight (8) participants, who were the spouses of emergency services personnel. The data was collected by means of semi-structured individual interviews and was analysed according to Creswell. Various research findings indicated that secondary trauma was prevalent in the emergency services industry and, in this current study, most participants indicated that it impacted their marital relationships. The experiences of secondary trauma among the spouses of emergency services personnel stemmed from their partners’ repeated exposure to trauma, managing everyday job stress, safety fears, behavioural changes, dealing with their partners’ emotional reactivity and emotional withdrawal from the family, following trauma exposure. Based on some of the suggestions provided by all the participants, the researcher concluded the study with recommendations for future practice and future research, the main recommendation being that organisational support systems be made available to spouses and families of emergency services personnel.

Research shows that the initial honeymoon phase of a marriage dissolves after some time and differences between the couple begin to hamper the harmony in the relationship. One of these differences is that attributed to gender. This study attempts to study these phases of the relationship. It approaches this issue from an inductive standpoint to counterbalance the deductive quality that pervades most literature in this field. A mixed qualitative and quantitative design was selected in a multiple case study format. An open style interview preceded and followed a Q-sorting exercise. Ten individuals (five couples) who have been married between five and ten years were studied. For several reasons, including the need to widen the cultural base of the research field, the study was conducted in Malta, a Mediterranean culture. The information provided by each participant (called coresearcher here to indicate the empowerment accorded to them in the research), was organized by re-casting it into a narrative form. The accuracy of the narrative was additionally validated by the respective co-researcher and an independent reviewer. The purpose was to construct individual and common stories of the marriage f r om the perspective of difference and harmony. Comparisons between individuals and gender revealed common factors, indicating the generic path of these relationships, and individual factors based on previous history, personality, gender and culture Individual life thanes, the dialectic pattern of relating, and phases i n the relationships were identified. Finally, the results were compared to previous research on love, relational development, gender differences, and attachment. The model of the dialectic was found to be a useful tool for understanding relationships and integrating research. Finally, the implications of this study on counselling, and possibilities for further research were discussed. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

Bakgrund: Genom att befolkningens livslängd ökar, diagnostiseras fler individer med demenssjukdom. Demenssjukdom är ett livslångt syndrom som har ett progredierande förlopp. Beteendestörningar som sjukdomen kan leda till är vanföreställningar, misstänksamhet, aggressivitet och ilska. Okunskap om symtomen kan leda till ohälsa och sämre livskvalitet. Stöd och utbildning till anhöriga är viktigt för att underlätta i vardagen. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa anhörigas erfarenheter av att leva med närstående med demens. Metod: En litteraturstudie där åtta kvalitativa artiklar från Chinal, Pubmed analyserades med hjälp av Fribergs 5-stegsmodell. Resultat: Efter sammanställning av 8 artiklar framkom tre teman; Omvälvande känslor, Kontakt med vården och Framtidsperspektiv. Slutsats: Anhörigas livssituation förändras. Livet anpassas efter närstående med demenssjukdom. Formellt stöd och utbildning är betydande för anhörigas vardag. Anhöriga upplever både psykisk/fysisk ohälsa och oroar sig för framtiden. Brister i kunskap/information kan påverka känslan av ohälsa, tillgången till information, stöd och utbildning bör underlättas. / Background: As the life expectancy of the population increases, more individuals are diagnosed with dementia. Dementia is a lifelong syndrome that has a progressive course. Behavioral disorders that the disease can lead to are delusions, suspicion, aggression and anger. Ignorance of the symptoms can lead to illness and poorer quality of life. Support and education for relatives is important to facilitate everyday life. Aim: The purpose of the literature study was to shed light on relatives´experiences of living with relatives with dementia. Methods: A literature study in which 8 qualitative articles from Chinal, Pubmed were analyzed using Friberg´s 5-step model. Results: After compiling 8 scientific articles, three themes emerged: Emotional stress, Feeling of powerlessness and Future perspective. Conclusion: The relatives´life situation is put on hold. Life is forced to adapt to relatives with dementia. Formal support and education are significant for relatives´everyday lives. Relatives experience both mental and physical illness and worries about the future. Lack of knowledge and information can affect the feeling of mental illness, access to information, support and education should be facilitated. e

Please read the abstract in the dissertation / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Mercantile Law / unrestricted

Property relations of spouses in the period of the Emperors Augustus and Justinian I. Abstract The topic of this thesis is the property relations of the spouses in Roman law during the reign of Emperors Augustus and Justinian I. Marriage is generally an important legal institute, which can be viewed from different points of view. Legal regulation of marriage was included also in Roman law. Since the Roman marriage was very specific, it was relatively often undergoing major or minor reforms. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the property situation of spouses during the reign of Emperors Augustus and Justinian I. Emperor Augustus came to power in 27 BC, in the time, when the institute of marriage and family was declining in importance and the whole Roman society was in a crisis. On the other hand, the religious-minded Justinian came to power in 527 AD. At this time the state religion was Christianity. The thesis is divided into six main chapters. The first chapter gives a general view of the institute of marriage. The second part of the first chapter focuses on Roman marriage. The second chapter explains the basic legal institutes of matrimonial property law. The third chapter deals with the historical development of the Roman Empire. Coming to power of Emperor Augustus is discussed at the end of this...

Depression is the most common psychological sequela associated with stroke, affecting approximately 33% of stroke survivors (Hackett, Yapa, Parag, & Anderson, 2005) with corresponding impacts on spouses, partners, or other informal caregivers (Han & Haley, 1999; Low, Payne, & Roderick, 1999). Although stroke is more common in older persons, persons of all ages are at risk for stroke and especially post-stroke depression (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2007; Barker-Collo, 2007; Hughes, Giobbie-Hurder, Weaver, Kubal, & Henderson, 1999). One of the factors which could explain increased risk of depression is "biographical disruption" (Bury, 1982), which happens when couples experience chronic illnesses that are developmentally off schedule or unexpected (Faircloth, Boylstei, Rittman, Young, & Gubrium, 2004; Pound, Gompertz, & Ebrahim, 1998; Roding, Lindstrom, Malms, & Ohman, 2003). The goal of this dissertation study was to examine modifiable factors associated with depression in stroke survivor-spouse dyads, including the potential moderating effects of biographical disruption. This goal was accomplished by pursuing three specific aims: (1) investigating the extent to which dyad-level factors are associated with current depression in stroke survivor-spouse dyads, above and beyond the influence of individual-level factors; (2) investigating the extent to which biographical disruption associated with stroke moderates the strength of association between individual and dyad-level factors and depression; and (3) exploring additional individual- and dyad-level features of disruption from stroke not included in the structured portion of the interview, and to explore how the experience of stroke may be different for couples in different developmental stages of life. Thirty-two recent stroke survivor-spouse dyads were interviewed using a combination of standardized measures and semi-structured interviews. Results showed that several dyad-level factors such as relationship quality, illness appraisal, and coping patterns were significant predictors of depression for survivors and spouses. The presence of biographical disruption did not statistically moderate these relationships, although the qualitative aspect of the study uncovered many aspects of disruption not addressed in the structured interview and the illness experience was clearly unique for couples in different developmental stages. These results have relevance for the development of effective interventions for post-stroke depression in couples, and are encouraging with respect to operationalizing and measuring the notion of biographical disruption from chronic illness across the lifespan.