Organisationer genomgår ständigt förändring för att utveckla nya produkter och för att förbli relevanta på marknaden. Ett tillvägagångssätt som organisationer kan tillämpa för att genomföra förändringar av produkter är metoder inom Design Thinking. En sådan metod kan vara Design Sprint, som ursprungligen skapades för att optimera samarbete i organisationer, för att lösa stora problem och testa nya idéer snabbt. Design Sprint är en relativt ny metod, som är framtagen för produktutveckling. Under de senaste åren har några forskningsstudier publicerats där studierna testar att använda Design Sprint. Det här skapade nyfikenhet kring vad som krävs av organisationer för att tillämpa Design Sprint. Metoden Design Sprint innehåller flera egenskaper som överlappar med många av de förutsättningar som krävs för att genomföra en förändring av en produkt i en organisation. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur Design Sprint kan tillämpas i förändring av produkter i organisationer. Studien har gjort en djupdykning i ett specifikt fall som sedan har kompletterats med en sekundär datainsamling av ytterligare fallstudier. Studiens resultat visar på att det är möjligt för organisationer att tillämpa Design Sprint som metod i en förändring av produkter, men att det ställer krav på organisationen för att tillämpa metoden. / Organizations continuously undergo change to develop new products and to remain relevant on the market. One approach that organizations can apply when implementing change in products are methods in design thinking. Such a method could be Design Sprint, which originally was created to optimize how organizations cooperate and also to solve problems test new ideas quickly. Design Sprint is a relatively new method, created for product development. Over the past couple of years a few research studies have been published where these studies have tested Design Sprint. The method Design Sprint contains several properties that overlap with several of the requirements to successfully create change of a product in an organisation. The purpose of this study was to examine how Design Sprint might be applied to change products in organizations. The study has made a deep dive into a specific case which then have been supported by secondary data collection of additional case studies. The result of the study shows that it is possible for organizations to apply Design Sprint as a method in change of products, but that there are certain requirements of the organization to do it.

No description available.

Having well-functioning equipment for the soldiers and sailors in the Swedish Armed Forces to defend the nation’s territory has been a priority since the catastrophic failure of the flagship Vasa almost 400 years ago. The quality assurance of defense materiel that is procured for the Swedish Armed Forces by the Swedish Defence Materiel Administration (SDMA) is conducted using qualified verification and validation activities, which are supported using complex resources that either create the conditions for tests or gather data from tests. The department Test and Evaluation Marine (T&E Marine) in the SDMA, which works with verification and validation (VoV) of naval defense materiel, has a need to identify and develop new VoV resources for future naval acquisitions. The purpose is to find which needs the department of SDMA T&E Marine has regarding test resources and from the needs develop a specification of a possible VoV resource. In cooperation with the T&E Marine department, the study has used the Design Thinking methodology in a double diamond context and has through conducting interviews, observations, and a workshop created an analysis of the current state of VoV resources, which of these should be further developed, and which new resources the department could acquire to support future test and evaluation. The result of this study is that the analysis of the current situation shows that the department needs a modular remotely piloted aerial system. The result also includes a conceptual design of the VoV resource which the department could procure to support its future verification and validation work. The conclusion is that there is need for several different VoV resources. One VoV resource could be a modular remotely piloted aerial system, that is both easy to use and to carry. / Att svenska soldater och sjömän ska ha välfungerande och säker materiel för att hävda Sveriges territorium har varit en av statens prioriteringar sedan förlisningen av regalskeppet Vasa för snart 400 år sedan. Kvalitetssäkringen av försvarsmateriel som anskaffas till Försvarsmakten genom Försvarets Materielverk (FMV) sker idag genom kvalificerade verifierings- och valideringsaktiviteter och stöds utav komplexa resurser som antingen skapar förutsättningar för prov, eller samlar in data för proven. Avdelningen Test & Evaluering Marin (T&E Marin) på Försvarets Materielverk, som arbetar med verifiering och validering (VoV) av marin försvarsmateriel, har behov av att identifiera och utveckla nya VoV-resurser för framtida anskaffningar i marina domänen. Arbetet syftar till att ta reda på vilka behov som finns inom T&E Marins område för VoV-resurser och utifrån detta behov ta fram en specifikation på hur en VoV-resurs kan se ut. I samarbete med T&E Marin har studien använt sig av Design Thinking metodologin i en Double Diamond kontext, och har genom intervjuer, observationer och en workshop skapat en nulägesanalys för VoV-resurser, vilka som finns idag, vad som önskas vidareutvecklas, och vilka nya resurser som avdelningen kan ha för att stödja sitt arbete. Resultatet är en nulägesanalys som visar att ett behov är en uppdragsanpassningsbar fjärrmanövrerad flygfarkost. Resultatet innefattar också ett konceptförslag på den önskade VoV-resursen som avdelningen bör anskaffa för att stötta sitt framtida VoV-arbete. Slutsatsen är att det finns behov för flera olika VoV-resurser. En av dessa kan vara en fjärrstyrd flygfarkost med hög förmåga för uppdragsanpassning, som är enkel att använda och att bära med sig.

Introduktion: Fysisk aktivitet har stor betydelse för en god hälsa när vi åldras. Trots det är en stor andel av äldre personer stillasittande. Brist på tid och obehagliga upplevelser ses som hinder till träning. Högintensiv träning kan utföras på kort tid och kan ge större hälsofördelar än medelintensiv träning. Däremot har högintensiv träning upplevts för ansträngande och olämpligt för en stillasittande population. En negativ affektiv respons kan minska följsamheten i träningen vilket belyser vikten av att anpassa högintensiv träning för äldre. Forskning om upplevelser av en anpassad högintensiv träningsregim saknas i dagsläget. Syfte: Att beskriva upplevelser av supramaximala cykelintervaller, träningsmotivation och fortsatta träningsvanor hos informanterna, sex månader efter genomförd intervention.  Metod: I studien användes en kvalitativ induktiv ansats. Sex månader efter en träningsintervention genomfördes semi-strukturerade intervjuer. Tio av de intervjuerna har analyserats i denna studie, med deltagare som hade genomfört anpassade supramaximala intervaller på cykel två gånger per vecka under tolv veckor. Materialet analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen av intervjuerna resulterade i fem kategorier: Träningen fyllde en viktig plats i livet, Att uppleva kroppen genom träning, Gemenskap som ger drivkraft, Träningen som stärkande upplevelse, och Att förändra eller falla in i gamla vanor. Konklusion: Supramaximala anpassade intervaller i grupp är en träningsform som verkar passa äldre personer. Träningen har upplevts lättsam och tidseffektiv. Gruppen har varit viktig och bidragit med glädje och motivation i träningen. Trots ökad motivation till träning har många fallit tillbaka i gamla vanor efter träningsperioden. Individuellt motstånd möjliggör träning på rätt intensitet i en grupp med blandad träningsvana. Dessa insikter kan komma att bli viktiga för att implementera träningsformen.

As early as 1994, and with transformation in mind, the African National Congress (ANC) identified the development of the previously disadvantaged communities in South Africa as a national priority. In so doing, sport, among others, was used in this strategy as a medium to improve and change the circumstances of people in disadvantaged communities. Sports development in disadvantaged communities is essential, if taken into consideration that without such further support of the sport talent of some of these children, the needs of these talented children cannot be met and their potential will remain undeveloped. Talent identification (TID), which is based on scientific principles and forms the first step in sports development, still is relatively new in South Africa. Historically, coaches used their own knowledge and experience of the characteristics, which should lead to success in sport as well as participation in competitions in order to do TID. To date, very little research has been done on talent identification and development in sprints and long-jump, especially pertaining to young boy and girl athletes, and in particular concerning athletes from disadvantaged communities. The first and second objectives of this study were to implement sport specific athletics development programmes aimed at improving sprinting and long-jump ability and to determine its effect on the abilities and skills of talented 10 to 15 year-old girls and boys with talent for sprints and long-jump. The third and fourth objectives of this study were to establish which kinanthropometric, physical and motor components will play such a role in 10 to 15 year-olds that it can predict performance ability in sprints and long-jump in girls and boys at this age. The "Australian Talent Search" protocol was used to identify general sport talent in the children (66 girls and 62 boys) who were identified for the study. The talented children (19 girls and 21 boys) from the initial group of were then subjected to a sport specific test battery for sprints and long-jump. The maturation level of the boys was determined by means of a maturity questionnaire, based on the 5 Tanner stages. By using the Statistica and SAS computer programmes, independent t-testing, covariance analyses, correlation coefficients, effect sizes, descriptive statistics as well as a stepwise multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data with regard to the above-mentioned objectives. A p-value smaller than or equal to 0.05 was accepted as significant. From the results of the study it is evident that the development programmes contributed to the improvement of physical and motor abilities and skills important for performance in both sprints and long-jump in girls (n=19) and boys (n=21) respectively. Among the girls, flexibility, explosive power, muscle endurance, reaction time, speed, speed endurance, acceleration and long-jump showed statistically significant improvement, while abdominal muscle strength and stride length showed no improvement. Secondly, it was established that the development programme contributed statistically significantly to an improvement in flexibility, muscle endurance, 0-40 metres speed and long-jump ability in boys. However, some components did not show improvement, among them explosive power, reaction time, speed endurance, acceleration and stride length. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the third and fourth objectives. It indicated that, in respect to the 100 metres sprint, 7 variables, namely long-jump, push-ups to the point of exhaustion, 7-level abdominal strength, 0-5 metres speed, ankle dorsiflexion, body length and age contributed 84.0% to the total variance in girls. As for long-jump, 7 variables, namely 0-100 metres speed, body length, 7-level abdominal strength, push-ups, ankle dorsiflexion, standing long-jump and body mass proved to be the most important contributors to performance in these items with a total contribution of 79% to the total variance. The fourth objective indicated that average anaerobic power output, acceleration and body mass contributed statistically significantly to performance in the 100 metres sprint in boys with a contribution of 86.5% to the total variance. Horizontal jump, age and acceleration contributed statistically significantly to long-jump performance with a contribution of 81 5% to the total variance. It is evident from this study that sport specific development programmes can successfully be implemented on girls and boys at ages 10-15 in order to improve sprinting and long-jump ability, regardless of poverty-stricken circumstances and poor infrastructure. Furthermore, the study brought to light that specific kinanthropometric, physical and motor abilities exist which can be used to predict performance in sprints and long-jump in girls and boys separately at ages 10 to 15. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Human Movement Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007

Title: Sprinter's training in the specialized phase of the conditioning Selfanalysis of one's own training Goals: The main goal of this dissertation is to review the development of my own performance and to evaluate the training in the specialized phase of the conditioning. Next goal is to evaluate the individual development and the results of chosen STU, that are important for short smooth sprint, and afterthat to compare those indicators. Methods: Data for the explorative part were gained by the method of content-selfanalysis of training documents, and we I evaluated chosen special training indicators of those documents. We mainly focused on development of acceleration maximum speed, followed by the development of speed endurance and running with load (total volume in km). Results: The results of chosen training indicators are processed to the table and graphic form. The form of comments is used for analysis of sport preparation, setting up the compensative exercises, health condition and evaluation of performance' development during four years period with two different coaches. The load was increasing in all chosen STU. The individual approach of the coach and communication with the client was very important aspect, that also contributed to the conclusion, that the best results were reached with...

Thema works: Comparison of the annual training cycle in the selected Czech elite women in sprinting Student: Pavlína Vostatková Supervisor: Dr. Aleš Kaplan, Ph.D. Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the annual training cycle (RTC) in selected Czech elite women sprinters, in which the maximal performance in 100 m run was reached, and to compare the uniform training system and recommendations for sprinters of comparable level of performance with the reality of the training program of selected sprinters. The analysis focused on methodological procedure, application of selected special training indicators (STU), their volume and intensification in various stages of sports training. Methodology: The content analysis of training diary was used as a method of the thesis, in particular the annual training cycle, in which the sprinters achieved personal maxima in 100 m run. Thus RTC 1996/1997 and 1992/1993 in sprinter P. V. and H. B. were analyzed, respectively. In the training diaries selected general training indicators (OTU) and STU for sprinters in athletics were obtained and reviewed. Model values for the age category of 21-23 sprinters (Moravec, Hlína a kol., 1984) were used in the comparison of selected OTU and STU of the selected sprinters. The model values for the 19-year-old sprinter H. B....

Thema works: An overview of the different forms of warm-up before athletic performance in sprinting. Student: Bc. Dominika Zapaľačová Supervisor: PhDr. Aleš Kaplan Ph.D Aims: The aim of this thesis is the study of scientific and professional literature and articles to obtain information on warming up before speed sports performance represented by quick sprinting. It is also to consider how subsequent various kinds of warm up exercises can affect the sports performance mentioned above. Furthermore, to use a case study based on selected research methodology to measure the speed of running locomotion after the selected type of warming up. Methodology: A method of literary research is used in the thesis, primarily using foreign literature but Czech literature too, obtained mainly from online databases and subject bibliographies. Also the case study method was used to measure the speed of running locomotion. Results: Conducting literary research has proved that speed sports performance might be greatly affected by the selected method of warming up. Most of the mentioned authors state the positive influence of dynamic stretching and they also recommend eliminating static stretching before speed sports performance. Measuring the speed of running locomotion has proved that the probands did not show any...

Despite clear recommendations on the minimal amount of physical activity for achieving health benefits and reducing risk of chronic disease, the majority of people in the Western world remain sedentary. As a 'lack of time' has been identified as one of the main barriers to becoming and remaining physically active, in the past decade research has focused on high-intensity interval training (HIT) as a time-efficient alternative to aerobic exercise. Although initial studies convincingly demonstrated equal or better health benefits with various HIT protocols compared to much larger volumes of aerobic exercise, these HIT protocols tend to be very strenuous and as such are unlikely to be adhered to by sedentary populations. Furthermore, most HIT protocols are not as time-efficient as sometimes claimed, with the total time per exercise session generally exceeding 20-30 minutes. This thesis aimed to characterise the effects of a novel reduced-exertion HIT (ReHIT) protocol, requiring a maximum of 2 x 20 s all-out sprint efforts in a 10 min training session, upon insulin sensitivity, aerobic capacity, glycogen utilisation and associated acute metabolic responses. The ReHIT exercise bouts were well tolerated by participants, but were associated with a substantial disturbance of physiological homeostasis including muscle glycogen degradation, lactate accumulation, excursions in plasma volume, post-exercise oxygen consumption, respiratory exchange ratio and heart rate, as well as a skeletal muscle signalling response through AMPK, and increases in skeletal muscle GLUT4 and PGC1α mRNA expression (Chapter 4 and 5). The combined training studies (n=49) provide some support for improvements in key disease biomarkers following ReHIT, with improvements in insulin sensitivity observed in men, and increased aerobic capacity observed in men and women (Chapter 7). These observations highlight a potential regulatory role for glycogen in exercise-induced adaptation. However, the mean improvements in insulin sensitivity in men were not consistent between the two training studies (Chapter 2 and 6), and there was a high level of variability observed between individuals (Chapter 6 and 7). Therefore, the impact of ReHIT on insulin sensitivity needs to be further explored in the context of a randomised controlled trial, and the mechanisms underpinning the large variability in adaptive response need to be characterised.

Whole-body vibration (WBV) may positively influence performance acutely through the potentiation of the muscle’s series elastic components and neuromuscular mechanisms. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the acute effects of WBV on sprint performance in NCAA Division I collegiate male sprinters and jumpers. Twenty-one athletes (n=21) completed a control or WBV protocol (30 seconds, 50 Hz, low amplitude ~3mm) one minute before a 30 m flying sprint. Each athlete participated in three separate trials using randomized treatment sessions (1 treatment per session) over 12 weeks of preparation training prior to the indoor season. The control condition consisted of no vibration, while treatment 1 (T1) and treatment 1 repeated (T1-R) incorporated vibration. The vibration-sprint protocol was repeated after a five minute rest period following the first sprint (test-re-test ICC≥0.81). The sprint consisted of a 15 m run-in from a standing start and a 30 m flying sprint with a total distance of 45 m. A two-way factorial ANOVA with repeated measures (p ≤ 0.05) was used to compare treatments. Statistics showed no differences between the treatments at all distances (average sprint time of control vs. T1, control vs. T1-R, and T1 vs. T1-R). The results of this study indicate that WBV at 50 Hz and low amplitude has no potentiation effect on sprint times (15, 30, 45, or 30 m fly). Further research is needed to determine if different WBV protocols may elicit enhanced results in 30 m flying sprint performance. The present WBV protocol does not appear to have practical acute value for sprinting.