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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Método da continuação aplicado na análise de contingência de linhas de transmissão /

Matarucco, Rogério Rocha. January 2010 (has links)
Orientador: Dilson Amancio Alves / Banca: Percival Bueno de Araujo / Banca: Carlos Roberto Minussi / Banca: Geraldo Roberto Martins da Costa / Banca: Luiz Carlos Pereira da Silva / Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta dois métodos para a análise estática de contingências em Sistemas Elétricos de Potência utilizando o Método da Continuação. No primeiro método a margem de carregamento pós-contingência é obtida a partir do ponto de máximo carregamento do caso base. A magnitude de tensão de uma barra qualquer é usada como parâmetro na etapa de parametrização do fluxo de carga continuado. O ramo selecionado para avaliação da contingência é parametrizado por um fator de escalonamento que possibilita a remoção gradual do ramo e assegura a convergência nos casos em que o método diverge para a retirada total da linha de transmissão. Em geral, para a maioria das contingências analisadas são necessárias poucas iterações para a determinação do ponto de máximo carregamento pós-contingência. Mostra-se que o método pode ser usado como uma técnica alternativa para a averiguação e até mesmo para a obtenção da lista de contingências críticas fornecida pela função de análise de segurança de sistemas elétricos. No outro método, o qual obtém o ponto de máximo carregamento de pós-contingência a partir do caso base, as variáveis ângulo de fase e magnitude de tensão de uma barra k qualquer, e a perda total de potência ativa, são propostas como parâmetros para a etapa de parametrização do fluxo de carga continuado utilizado na averiguação da lista de contingências críticas fornecida pela função de análise de segurança de sistemas elétricos. Nos casos em que há divergência do fluxo de carga, o método proposto possibilita confirmar se esta ocorre devido à deficiência numérica do método em si ou a inexistência de um ponto de operação factível de pós-contingência. O uso da perda total de potência ativa como parâmetro traz como vantagem a possibilidade da determinação de pontos além do ponto de singularidade sem a necessidade...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This work presents two methods for static contingency analysis of electric power systems by using Continuation Methods. In the first the post-contingency loading margin is obtained from the base case maximum loading point. The voltage magnitude of any bus can be used as a parameter in the parameterization step of the proposed continuation power flow. The branch selected for contingency evaluation is parameterized by a scaling factor which allows its the gradual removal and assures the continuation power flow convergence for the cases where the method would diverge for the complete transmission line removal. In general, for most of the analyzed contingencies little iterations are necessary for the determination of the post-contingency maximum loading point. It is shown that the method can be used as an alternative technique to verify and even to obtain the list of critical contingencies supplied by the electric power systems security analysis function. In the other method, which obtains the maximum loading point from the base case, new parameters, namely the voltage magnitudes, phase angles and the total power losses, for evaluating the effects of branch outages. The approach can be used as a verification tool after a list of critical contingencies had been ranked according to their severities by the contingency selection functions. It is then possible to find whether the non-convergence of a power flow is due to a numerical problem or to an infeasible operating situation. The mains advantage of using the total real power losses as a parameter is that it is not necessary to change parameters during the solutions tracing until beyond the simple limit point, where the original Jacobian is singular. The proposed methods facilitate the development and the implementation of continuation methods for contingencies analysis / Doutor
22

Obtenção da margem minima de estabilidade de tensão de sistemas eletricos de potencia / Computation of voltage stability margins of power systems

Bedoya Bedoya, Duvier Rolando 08 October 2007 (has links)
Orientadores: Carlos Alberto de Castro Junior, Luiz Carlos Pereira da Silva / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T23:29:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BedoyaBedoya_DuvierRolando_M.pdf: 801505 bytes, checksum: 8566b9558e25c36e418f2d8d82398e68 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta uma nova e rápida metodologia para calcular a margem mínima de estabilidade de tensão de sistemas de potência. O cálculo da margem de estabilidade de tensão (MET) é normalmente requerido no planejamento e operação dos sistemas de potência. Usualmente, a carga é incrementada em uma direção predefinida baseada em históricos ou previsão da demanda (por exemplo, com fator de potência constante, seguido por um incremento proporcional nos MW da geração) até que o ponto de máximo carregamento (PMC) seja obtido. O cálculo da margem mínima METm, permite obter a pior direção de incremento de carga. Além disso, podem se apresentar situações onde incrementos de carga imprevistos em uma barra ou área conduzam a uma margem menor, arriscando a operação do sistema em modo seguro. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma metodologia nova e eficiente, do ponto de vista computacional, para obter a METm e a correspondente direção que é equivalente à pior direção de incremento de carga. Esta informação, com a margem que usualmente é calculada, permite que os operadores do sistema tomem medidas preventivas de controle para retornar ou manter o sistema em modo de operação seguro. Adicionalmente, é apresentado um estudo de áreas críticas para identificar as regiões ou barras que mais estão contribuindo a perda de estabilidade de tensão. É possível encontrar a melhor ação de controle, como corte de carga ou compensação reativa / Abstract: This work presents a new and fast method for computing the minimum voltage stability margin of electric power systems. The computation of the voltage stability margin (VSM) is often required for the planning and operation of power systems. Usually, loads are increased along a predefined direction, which can be estimated based on historical data or load forecast (e.g. with constant power factor, followed by a proportional MW generation increase) up to the system's maximum loading point is reached. The computation of the minimum VSM (mVSM) allows obtaining the load increase worst scenario. Also, situations may occur where variations from the predefined load increase direction, as for example, an unexpected load increase at some bus or area, may result in smaller VSM, taking the system to an insecure operating state. The aim of this work is to propose a new and fast method to compute the mVSM? and the corresponding load increase direction for which it occurs. This information, along with the usual VSM, allows operators to take measures like preventive control actions to move the system to securer operating points. Also a general study of critical areas is shown in order to identify the weakest region and bus that are contributing to the loss of voltage stability. It is possible to _nd the best control actions, like load curtailment or reactive compensation / Mestrado / Energia Eletrica / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
23

Výkonnost, robustnost a implementace regulátorů pro průmyslové řízení / Performance, robustness and implementation of controllers

Buchta, Luděk January 2012 (has links)
This master‘s thesis deals with the design of modern process control algorithms suitable for SISO industrial control equipments. In this thesis the analysis of the controller design methodology using Mixed-sensitivity function is described. This method consists in shaping frequency characteristics of the sensitivity function and complementary sensitivity fiction using the weighting functions. The proposed H controllers are compared with the classical structure of a discrete PID controller with filtered derivative part. The proposed controllers are compared in terms of robustness, performance, complexity of the design and requirements necessary for their practical application (anti-windup, smooth switchover). Robustness of the controller is evaluated on the basis of modulus stability margin. Estimation of model´s parameters is solved least-square method. The proposed control system consists of an industrial PC and Automation Panel from the company B&R, decentralized system I/O and the real plant. Visualization for control workplace was created in the program Automation studio. This visualization is used to the easy transfer of information from a controlled process.
24

Design and control of collaborative, cross and carry mobile robots : C3Bots / Conception et commande des robots mobiles, manipulateurs, collaboratifs et tous terrains

Hichri, Bassem 05 October 2015 (has links)
L'objectif du travail proposé est de concevoir et commander un groupe des robots mobiles similaires et d'architecture simple appelés m-bots (mono-robots). Plusieurs m-bots ont la capacité de saisir ensemble un objet afin d'assurer sa co-manipulation et son transport quelle que soit sa forme et sa masse. Le robot résultant est appelé p-bot (poly-robot) et est capable d'effectuer des tâches de déménageur pour le transport d'objets génériques. La reconfigurabilité du p-bot par l'ajustement du nombre des m-bots utilisés permet de manipuler des objets lourds et des objets de formes quelconques (particulièrement s'ils sont plus larges qu'un seul m-bot). Sont considérés dans ce travail l'évitement d'obstacle ainsi que la stabilité du p-bot incluant la charge à transporter. Une cinématique pour un mécanisme de manipulation a été proposée et étudiée. Ce dernier assure le levage de la charge et son dépôt sur le corps des robots pour la transporter. Plusieurs variantes d'actionnement ont été étudiées : passif, avec compliance et actionné. Un algorithme de positionnement optimal des m-bots autour de l'objet à manipuler a été proposé afin d'assurer la réussite de la tâche à effectuer par les robots. Cet algorithme respecte le critère de "Force Closure Grasping" qui assure la stabilité de la charge durant la phase de manipulation. Il maintient aussi une marge de stabilité statique qui assure la stabilité de l'objet durant la phase de transport. Enfin, l'algorithme respecte le critère des zones inaccessibles qui ne peuvent pas être atteintes par les m-bots. Une loi de commande a été utilisée afin d'atteindre les positions désirées pour les m-bots et d'assurer la navigation en formation, durant la phase du transport, durant laquelle chaque robot élémentaire doit maintenir une position désirée par rapport à l'objet transporté. Des résultats de simulation pour un objet de forme quelconque, décrite par une courbe paramétrique, sont présentés. Des simulations 3D en dynamique multi-corps ainsi que des expériences menées sur les prototypes réalisés ont permis de valider nos propositions. / Our goal in the proposed work is to design and control a group of similar mobile robots with a simple architecture, called m-bot. Several m-bots can grip a payload, in order to co-manipulate and transport it, whatever its shape and mass. The resulting robot is called a p-bot andis capable to solve the so-called "removal-man task" to transport a payload. Reconfiguring the p-bot by adjusting the number of m-bots allows to manipulate heavy objects and to manage objects with anyshape, particularly if they are larger than a single m-bot. Obstacle avoidance is addressed and mechanical stability of the p-bot and its payload is permanently guaranteed. A proposed kinematic architecture for a manipulation mechanism is studied. This mechanism allows to lift a payload and put it on them-bot body in order to be transported. The mobile platform has a free steering motion allowing the system maneuver in any direction. An optimal positioning of the m-bots around the payload ensures a successful task achievement without loss of stability for the overall system. The positioning algorithm respects the Force Closure Grasping (FCG) criterion which ensures the payload stability during the manipulation phase. It respects also the Static Stability Margin (SSM) criterion which guarantees the payload stability during the transport. Finally, it considers also the Restricted Areas (RA) that could not be reached by the robots to grab the payload. A predefined control law is then used to ensure the Target Reaching (TR) phase of each m-bot to its desired position around the payload and to track a Virtual Structure (VS), during the transportation phase, in which each elementary robot has to keep the desired position relative to the payload. Simulation results for an object of any shape, described by aparametric curve, are presented. Additional 3D simulation results with a multi-body dynamic software and experiments by manufactured prototypes validate our proposal.

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