The thesis is aiming to describe a procedure suitable for business valuation of start-up companies. Secondary aim is to provide the value itself. There are several methods described in the theory, which are utilized to define the strategic position of a start-up company. Most of them come from strategic marketing. Chapters about finances and risk follow and work with the conclusions about the strategic position of the company. The application part starts with defining strategy and concludes with market value estimate. In respect to the width of the topic, the application part is aimed at core aspects only.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:26:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcos William de Aquino.pdf: 1512290 bytes, checksum: b6172c855493d56da0f9b6eb3b82786e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-04 / The business model is a central construction in entrepreneurship research, representing a strategic framework for conceptualizing a value-based enterprise, allowing the user to design, describe, categorize, criticize and analyze a business model of any company. Thus the study of business models in entrepreneurship is highly relevant as it reflects the business idealization in a definable opportunity, establishing important target that drives entrepreneurial action in organizational endowment and the border of implementing organizational activities. From the business model approach through the logic of how to create , set and appropriate from the value, this study aims to describe the evolution of business models over entrepreneurial process of startup companies. This is a descriptive research, performing the qualitative method, based on the process perspective, that is concerned with the understanding of how things, people, organizations, strategies, environments, change, act and evolve over time and by evolving this way, standing the process, basically stories about what has happened and who, what and when it has been done, that is, events, activities and choices ordered over time. The processes discussed here refer to the processes of creation and set and appropriation of the value that make the business models of start-ups.the following Companies have been interviewed: Cultcultura, Dumom, Bluefive and Reuni.me respectively by their representatives: Thais, Rafael, Marcio and Daniel. The main results of this study point to eight phases of the entrepreneurial process: training, diagnosis, monitoring, testing, networking, recognition, loyalty and expansion. Throughout these stages are identified distinct stages of the processes of creation, value setting and ownership in each of the analyzed start-ups. / O modelo de negócio é uma construção central em pesquisa sobre empreendedorismo, representando um quadro estratégico para conceituar um empreendimento baseado em valor, permitindo que o usuário projete, descreva, categorize, critique e analise um modelo de negócio para qualquer tipo de empresa. Dessa forma, o estudo de modelos de negócio em empreendedorismo é altamente pertinente, pois traduz a idealização empresarial em uma oportunidade definível, estabelecendo meta relevante que impulsiona ação empreendedora na investidura organizacional e a fronteira de implementação de atividades organizacionais. A partir da abordagem do modelo de negócio por meio da lógica de como criar, configurar e apropriar do valor, este estudo tem como objetivo descrever a evolução dos modelos de negócio ao longo do processo empreendedor de empresas startup. Trata-se uma pesquisa descritiva, realizada pelo método qualitativo, com base na perspectiva de processo, que está preocupada com a compreensão de como as coisas, pessoas, organizações, estratégias, ambientes, mudança, agem e evoluem ao longo do tempo e por que evoluem dessa forma, consistindo o processo, portanto, basicamente de histórias sobre o que ocorreu e quem fez o quê e quando, ou seja, eventos, atividades e escolhas ordenados ao longo do tempo. Os processos aqui analisados referem-se aos processos de criação configuração e apropriação de valor que conformam os modelos de negócio das start-ups. Foram selecionadas para esta pesquisa quatro empresas start-up, sendo duas delas graduadas (egressas da incubadora) e duas na fase final de incubação. São elas: Cultcultura, Dumom, Bluefive e Reuni.me. Os principais resultados deste trabalho apontam para oito fases do processo empreendedor: formação, diagnóstico, monitoramento, experimentação, networking, reconhecimento, fidelização e expansão. Ao longo dessas fases, identificam-se distintos estágios dos processos de criação, configuração e apropriação do valor em cada uma das start-ups analisadas. Dentre as dimensões de modelo de negócio as que mais se alteram estão relacionadas ao processo de criação de valor, notadamente nas fases de diagnóstico e networking.

L'accumulation de gaz à effet de serre dans l'atmosphère, produite par des activités anthropiques notamment dans le secteur de l’énergie est une des causes principales du changement climatique. Par conséquent, réaliser une véritable transition énergétique par une décarbonisation des réseaux électriques est devenue un besoin urgent pour atténuer les effets du réchauffement climatique. Dans cette transition, l’introduction des énergies renouvelables a été initiée depuis plusieurs années, principalement en raison de la participation de nouveaux acteurs à ce marché. Aujourd’hui, l’un des grands défis est de maintenir l’équilibre et la sécurité du réseau électrique en tenant compte de la diversité et de la variabilité des ressources énergétiques renouvelables connectées au réseau. L’une des approches permettant de régler ce problème et d’accroître la flexibilité du réseau électrique par ce que l’on désigne comme la Réponse à la Demande (RD). Cette thèse examine précisément ces nouvelles approches et montre l’intérêt de repenser les relations entre les différentes partie-prenantes pour faire émerger des nouveaux modèles d’affaires afin de déployer de nouvelles innovations au service de la transition énergétique. La méthodologie de recherche mise en œuvre de cette thèse consiste en une revue systématique de la littérature et une étude des données empiriques de 15 jeunes entreprises européennes du secteur de l’énergie. En conséquence, la thèse fournit à la communauté de la recherche (1) une méthode de classification pour catégoriser les différents modèles d’affaires de l’énergie (MAEs) et présente une première synthèse des MAE identifiés dans la littérature; (2) un cadre d’analyse des start-ups dans le secteur de l’énergie, complété par l’analyse de 15 start-ups de ce domaine; (3) un outil conceptuel pour l'innovation en matière de RD, appelé Canevas de Modèle d'Affaires de Réponse de Demande (CMARD), qui comprend 12 éléments interreliés. Ce canevas vise à évaluer les activités des offres de RD et à soutenir l'émergence de nouveau modèles d'affaires de RD. Ces résultats permettent de proposer un cadre analytique simplifié des pratiques existantes et peuvent également aider des entrepreneurs ou décideurs à explorer et concevoir de nouvelles offres sur le marché de la réponse à la demande. / The accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, produced by human activities in the energy sector is one of the main causes of climate change. Therefore, the decarbonization of power systems has become an urgent need the mitigate to the effects of climate change and achieve the energy transition. The share of renewable energy technologies has been increasing mainly due to the participation of new market players. Today, however, one of the great challenges is to maintain the electricity system’s balance and security despite the large amount of renewable energy resources connected to the grid. One of the approaches to deal with this issue and to increase power system flexibility is the Demand Response (DR). Moreover, scholars argue that business model innovation can act as an energy transition driver. This thesis examines business model innovations in the context of the energy transition by investigating emerging start-up business models. The implemented research methodology in this thesis consists of a systematic literature review and an investigation of empirical data of 15 European energy start-ups. As a result, the thesis provides the research community with (1) a grouping method to classify different Energy Business Models (EBMs) and an initial synthesis of the EBMs identified in the literature; (2) a framework to analyse start-ups in the energy sector, completed with the analysis of 15 energy start-ups; (3) and a conceptual tool for DR innovation, named as the Demand Response Business Model Canvas (DRBMC), which includes 12 interrelated elements. This canvas aims at evaluating DR activities and supporting the emergence of new DR business models. These results can also help entrepreneurs explore new demand response market opportunities, enabling a better understanding and providing a simplified analytic framework of existing business practices.

Childhood obesity is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and poses a health care burden. Child care facilities serve at the forefront in fighting childhood obesity among preschoolers. Since 2009, a significant shift has occurred in studying child care settings among children aged 3-5 in North Carolina and South Carolina in response to the rising rates of obesity in this population. Some of the hypothesized determinants of childhood obesity among preschoolers in North Carolina and South Carolina are outdoor activity, staff behavior, center's size and location. The purpose of this study was to investigate if significant relationships exist between childhood obesity and each one of these variables. This study was conducted within the framework of social cognitive theory within the contexts of the process of self-efficacy for realizing goals. A quantitative correlational design was used, while data were collected through Survey Monkey administering a closed end survey. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the associations between childhood obesity and center size, location, outdoor activity and staff behavior. The Power analysis determined total of 110 participants (N=100) who worked in North and South Carolina Head Start facilities of preschool children aged 3-5. The multiple regression indicated significant contributions of the center size (â = .32, p = .001), the location (â = -.28, p = .002), the outdoor activity (â = -.25, p = .005), and staff behavior (â = .27, p = .008). Therefore, the overall null hypotheses were rejected. This study may help to effect positive social change through identifying the important barriers to minimizing the risk of obesity among preschool children, which in turn would help to inform policy for developing and implementing strategies to reduce risks of preschoolers' obesity.

The Improving Head Start for School Readiness Act of 2007 required teacher assistants (TAs) to obtain their child development associate (CDA) credential by September of 2015. TAs who had not obtained their CDA within the required timeframe were either demoted or terminated from their positions. However, with the increase of working parents, the need for quality early childhood education has risen. In this project study, the barriers TAs confront in regards to their decision to continue their schooling to obtain a CDA credential were examined, as were the factors that deterred or prevented them from enrolling in or completing a higher education program. The purpose of the study was to inform the development of a plan outlining how childcare administration can mentor and encourage TAs in the completion of their CDA program. Knowles's theory of adult learning and Kolb's experiential learning theory provided the theoretical basis and framework for this qualitative case study. Cluster random selection was used to identify 9 participants who were interviewed using a semistructured process. Interview responses were recorded, transcribed, and broken down into 6 themes. Findings showed that 7 out of 9 participants experienced barriers to continuing their education, and 8 of the 9 partipants expressed a desire to participate in a mentoring program. Raising the educational requirements and completion rate of TAs positively affects social change through increased quality of instruction, improved teaching strategies, and enhanced and developmentally appropriate support provided to young children.

Titel: Den välutbildade och erfarna företagaren – Myt eller sanning? Nivå: C-uppsats i företagsekonomi Författare: Johan Lindberg & Andreas Toresson Handledare: Lars Ekstrand Datum: 2014 – maj Syfte: Många företag föds årligen, men endast en del av dessa blir framgångsrika och cirka en tredjedel av företagen har lagts ner inom en treårsperiod. Därför var intresset att undersöka varför vissa företag blir framgångsrika. Detta med hjälp av tre faktorer som kan anses påverka hur framgångsrikt ett företag blir. Dessa faktorer var utbildningsnivå, tidigare erfarenhet och uppstartsmotiv hos företagsgrundaren. Syftet med studien var att undersöka sambandet mellan dessa faktorer och ställa dem mot nystartade företags framgång. Metod: En enkätundersökning av kvantitativ karaktär har genomförts för att analysera vikten av de faktorer studien tar fasta på. Urvalet var egenföretagare från vars verksamhet startades upp under år 2012. Studien bygger på 95 respondenters svar på enkätundersökningen. Svaren har sedan sammanställts i diagram för att göra en jämförelse mellan de tre faktorerna och två indikatorer som tyder på framgång: omsättning och antal anställda. Dessa har sedan analyserats med hjälp kontingenstabeller. Resultat & slutsats: Studiens resultat visar att tidigare erfarenhet av den bransch man verkar inom har positiv påverkan på både företagets omsättning och antal anställda. Dessutom visar studien att de företagsgrundare vars uppstartsmotiv är baserade på självförverkligande, att få vara sin egen och att få förverkliga sina idéer tydligt tenderar att bli mer framgångsrika än de vars uppstartsmotiv är rent ekonomiska. Studiens resultat visar också att 9 % av respondenterna anser att utbildning kan medföra nackdelar för företagsgrundaren. Dessutom anser 75,8% att utbildning inte är av större vikt vid start av eget företag. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Studien har genomförts på ett begränsat antal företagare i specifika delar av Sverige. Ett förslag till fortsatt forskning skulle kunna vara att genomföra en större empirisk undersökning för att kunna generella resultatet över ett större geografiskt område. Denna studie har ej riktat sig mot företagare vars företag gått i konkurs och därför vore en vidare forskning, med denna grupp medräknat i urvalet, intressant för att få en större inblick i vad som gör ett företag framgångsrikt eller inte. Uppsatsens bidrag: Uppsatsen resulterar i en ökad förståelse för hur variablerna utbildning, erfarenhet och uppstartsmotiv påverkar sannolikheten att uppnå framgång. Resultatet kan användas av och vara till nytta för blivande nyföretagare. Studiens resultat lyfter en intressant syn Examensarbete, C-uppsats, 15 hp Företagsekonomi Examensarbete i företagsekonomi Ekonomprogrammet   3  på huruvida utbildning främjar företagande eller inte samt ger en inblick i vikten av uppstartsmotiv och tidigare erfarenhet för framgångsrikt företagande. Nyckelord: Egenföretagare, framgångsrikt företagande, framgångsfaktorer, företagsstart, utbildning, erfarenhet, uppstartsmotiv. / Title: The Educated and Experienced Entrepreneurs – Myth or Truth? Level: Final assignment for Bachelor Degree in Business and Economics Author: Johan Lindberg & Andreas Toresson Supervisor: Lars Ekstrand Date: 2014 – May Aim: Many companies are born annually, but only a few becomes successful and just about a third of the companies have closed down within three years. Therefore, the interest was to explore why some companies becomes successful. This, with the help of three factors that can be considered to affect how successful a company becomes. These factors were level of education, previous experience and start-up motives of the company founder. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between these factors and set them against start-up business success. Method: A survey of quantitative nature has been conducted to analyze the importance of the factors the study focuses on. The sample was self-employed whose business was started up in the year 2012. The study is based on 95 respondents' answers to the survey. The answers are then compiled into diagrams to make a comparison between the three factors and two indicators of success: turnover and employees. These were then analyzed using contingency tables. Result & Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that prior experience in the industry in which it operates has positive impact on both the company's turnover and employees. In addition, the study shows that the company's founder whose start-up motives are based on self-realization, to be his own and realize their ideas clearly tend to be more successful than those whose start-up motives are purely financial. The study also shows that 9 % of the respondents believe that education can have negative consequences for the company founder. Moreover, the 75.8% of the respondents believe that education is not of major importance when starting your own business. Suggestions for future research: This study was conducted on a limited number of entrepreneurs in specific parts of Sweden. A proposal for further research would be to conduct a larger empirical study to overall outcome over a larger geographic area. This study was not directed at entrepreneurs whose companies have gone bankrupt and therefore would a further research with this group, including the selection of this study, be interesting to get a greater insight into what makes a business successful or not. Contribution of the thesis: The paper results in a greater understanding of how the variables education, experience and start-up motives affect the likelihood of achieving success. The result can be used and be useful for aspiring entrepreneurs. The results of the study raise an interesting view on whether education promotes entrepreneurship or not, and provides insight into the importance of start-up motives and previous experience to create a successful entrepreneurship.   5  Key words: Self-employed, business success, success factors, business start-up, training, experience, start-up motive.

Bakgrund: Ett avgörande moment för nygrundade start-ups är processen att få in externt kapital för att kunna finansiera sin verksamhet. Ofta erbjuds lösningen genom venture capital-bolag vars uppgift är att utvärdera start-ups och därefter investera i de som bedöms ha god framgångspotential. När venture capital-bolag utvärderar vilka start-ups de vill investera i, är entreprenörs-teamet en viktig faktor. Bedömningen av vad som är ett bra team görs traditionellt genom möten mellan investerare och teamet, men på senare år har en mer formell analysmetod introducerats där entreprenörs-team utvärderas med hjälp av verktyg baserade på forskning. Utvecklingen av formella analysverktyg har således skapat ett behov av forskning som kartlägger effekterna av dessa för att utvärdera teams. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att kartlägga hur ett formellt analysverktyg påverkar investerare inom venture capital när de fattar investeringsbeslut, samt hur utvärderingen genom ett formellt analysverktyg påverkar de entreprenörs-team som utvärderas. Genomförande: Studien karaktäriseras av ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt. Empirin har samlats in genom ett målinriktat urval vilket har lett till att totalt nio investerare har intervjuats under en tidsperiod på fyra veckor. Samtliga respondenter är anställda av samma venture-capital-bolag och ingår i en utvecklingsgrupp där de använder ett formellt analysverktyg för utvärderingen av entreprenörs-team. Slutsats: De största effekterna på investerare av att nyttja ett formellt analysverktyg, är en ökad förståelse och jämförbarhet av entreprenörs-team. Vidare visar studien att det formella analysverktyget även reducerar den påverkan som undermedvetna faktorer och fördomar kan ha på investerare under investeringsprocessen. För de entreprenörs-team som utvärderas, identifieras effekterna till verktygets förmåga att identifiera olikheter i medlemmarnas personligheter och skapa en förståelse för vad de drivs av. Detta möjliggör diskussioner som kan förbättra teamets gruppdynamik och hjälper dem undvika potentiella utmaningar i framtiden. / Background: A defining moment for newly founded start-ups is the process of acquiring external capital in order to be able to finance their initial operations. The solution is often found within venture capital. A company within venture capital evaluates different start-ups and consequently offer to invest in those that are determined to have high potential. When these companies evaluate the potential of a start-up, the entrepreneurial team is an important factor. The evaluation of what makes a good entrepreneurial team is traditionally done through meetings between the investor and the team, but during recent years a more formal team assessment method has been introduced, were the team is evaluated through models and facts based on previous research. The development of formal team assessment tools have thus created a demand for research that determines the effects of these tools, both for the investment analysis that investors make, as well as for the entrepreneurial teams being evaluated. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate how a formal team assessment tool influences investors when they make their investment decisions, as well as how the evaluation affects the entrepreneurial teams being evaluated. Completion: This study is characterized by a qualitative research approach with empirical data collected through a target sample. A total of nine investors has been interviewed during a time period of four weeks. All investors are employed by the same venture capital firm and are part of a development group which utilize a formal team assessment tool for the evaluation of entrepreneurial teams. Conclusion: The most meaningful effects for investors are identified as the team assessments tools’ ability to visualize and compare the personalities of entrepreneurial team members with each other. This benefits the investors by increasing their understanding of how a start-up team will perform and behave in the long run. Additionally, the study indicates that the introduction of the formal team assessment tool reduces the impact that bias normally has on the evaluation of entrepreneurial teams. For the teams being evaluated, the most significant effect of the team assessment tool is found to be its ability to improve the group dynamics of entrepreneurial teams.

Candidate: Zuzana Očovská1 Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Jiří Vlček, CSc.1 Consultant: PharmDr. Martina Maříková2 1 Department Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University 2 University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hospital Pharmacy, Head of the Division of Clinical Pharmacy Title of the master thesis: The analysis of drug-related problems potentially leading to hospitalization among geriatric patients Hospital admissions due to drug-related problems (DRPs) represent a relevant clinical issue with significant economic consequences. Polypharmacy and age-related pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes make elderly patients particularly prone to develop DRP. The aim of the theoretical part of this thesis was to introduce the issue of drug-related problems and to outline the results of previous studies concerning drug-related hospitalizations among geriatric patients. The aim of the practical part was to determine the prevalence of DRP potentially leading to hospitalization and to identify the most common medication classes involved in these DRPs. Over the period of six months 200 admissions to geriatric ward of III. Internal Gerontometabolic Clinic of University Hospital Hradec Králové have been retrospectively evaluated in order to determine whether the...

Subject matter of the thesis is Use of the triage method in emergency events and its importance among selected bodies of the integrated rescue system. It contains both teoretical and research parts. Theoretical part includes definition of emergency events and definition of mass disaster. It also mentions organizations, which help to deal with these events. But the main point of the thesis is formed by triage issues in terms of its history, elementary distribution and putting the most frequently used methods. An important chapter is a description of the documentation associated with issues, especially triage and identification cards from the perspective of emergency medical services and fire protection units. The last point of the theoretical part is the mention of traumatology planning. The research part sets out three hypotheses, which focus on finding a theoretical readiness among selected bodies of the integrated rescue system. The first presupposition was that the knowledge of the staff of medical rescue services is better than knowledge of the members of other selected bodies. The remaining hypotheses put the same requirements, but in terms of lenght of employment of selected workers in integrated rescue system. Better knowledge is expected for the longer-acting staff and for staff, who have some experience with triage issues. Chapter also describes the statistical method which enabled the confirmation or refutation of the hypotheses - pair t-test. The methodology describes the method of data collection by using questionnaire, describes used statistical methods, provides basic empirical parameters and their comparison. The result of this comparison was expressed in percentage. The result of data processing from secondary sources was to determining that examined issue in the Czech Republic is very fragmented, in terms of used methods and documentation. Data needed to confirm hypotheses was collected from the staff of emergency medical services, fire rescue units and volunteer firefighters. Only a single hypothesis was confirmed. Theoretical knowledge of the staff of emergency medical services is not better than the knowledge of the other selected bodies. It is very similar to knowledge of staff of fire rescue units. However members of volunteer firefighters have the worst triage knowledge. Another finding was that lenght of employment of workers of ambulance components doesn´t affects the quality of their theoretical preparedness. Empirical research identified knowledges approximately the same. On the contrary, previous experience affects the degree of this knowledge. This assertion is based on the fact that workers from examined bodies, who had to solve real or training emergency events, by triage methods, have better degree of theoretical knowledge. The objective of the thesis was, besides process determination of the theoretical knowledge and hypotheses also identification of weaknesses in triage knowledge of workers from selected bodies and determination methods for their correction. Therefore, based on the results, was created a graphic manual procedure for triage in emergency events. It was created as a learning tool to deepen the knowledge or as a reminder tool of triage procedure for training or real situations. It is designed for all workers, especially for members of volunteer fire units, or other people, who are interested in this issue. Conclusion of the thesis includes suggestion for correction of some of the weaknesses identified in the theoretical readiness of employees or members of integrated rescue system, especially units of volunteer firefighters. This objective can be achieved by better access to educational materials, exchange of expertise focused on this issue and the possibility of greater participation of mass casualties training with other bodies of integrated rescue system.

Den här studie syftar till att skapa en förståelse för hur företag bedöms i urvalsprocessen hos inkubatorer och identifiera de egenskaper som inkubatorerna ser till i bedömningen. En inkubator är ett företag som förser start-ups med lokal, rådgivning och olika typer av tjänster. Entreprenörer med affärsidéer söker sig till inkubatorer för att de behöver hjälp med att iterera och verkställa sina idéer samt utveckla sitt företag. Studiens empiri har samlats in genom sex kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med personer som har insyn i urvalsprocessen hos en inkubator. Empirin analyseras sedan med hjälp av den forskning och litteratur som finns gällande inkubatorer men även med hjälp av modellen Business Model Canvas. Med hjälp av empirin och teorin i denna studie har det skapats en förståelse för hur urvalsprocessen går till. Studien visar på att alla de som söker sig till inkubatorer är i olika faser och inkubatorerna har olika huvudkriterier. Det gäller därför för företaget att hitta rätt inkubator för just dem. Idén och entreprenören har lyfts som två självständiga delar då det har visat sig att inkubatorer bedömer dessa två delar var för sig. Vi har hittat ett mönster som visar på att det finns två olika urval i urvalsprocessen med en verifieringsfas däremellan. Urvalsprocessen ses även ur ett hållbarhetsperspektiv där det kan konstateras att det inte är en självklarhet att det vägs in i bedömningen av företagen. / This study aims to create an understanding of how companies are assessed in the selection process of business incubators and identifying the qualities that business incubators value in the assessment. A business incubator is a company that provides start-ups with local, consulting and different types of services. Entrepreneurs with business ideas are applying to incubators to get help develop their ideas and their business. The empirical material has been gathered through six qualitative semi-structured interviews with individuals who have an insight into the selection process of a business incubator. The empirical material is analyzed using the research and literature on business incubators, but also using the model Business Model Canvas. With the help of the empirical material and the theory of this study, an understanding has been created for the selection process. The study shows that all those applying to a business incubator are in different phases and business incubators have different main criteria. That’s why the company has to find the right business incubator for them. The idea and the entrepreneur have been raised as two independent parts as it has been found that business incubators assess these two parts separately. We have found a pattern that shows that there are two different selections in the selection process with a verification phase in between. The selection process is also seen from a sustainability perspective where it can be concluded that it is not a matter of course that it is weighted in the assessment of the companies.