The research is to study how the difference of economic development between cities is from by observing the change in investment. The different main bodies of investment will make different investment decisions in different stage of life cycle of urban industries. The state-owned units are policy tools, and will invest in urban infrastructure, which is not for profit. In contrast, the only goal of non-state owned enterprises is to maximize the profit, but evade the risk, so they will invest in any profitable items. Finally, the non-state investment will exceed the state investment, and to be more and more important in a city. I select fifty big cities in china to empirically analyze the proposition, and the result indicate that the fixed-investment of non-state sector have exceeded the fixed-investment of the state sector in coastal cities, and the fixed-investment of the state sector is still more than the fixed-investment of non-state sector in inland cities. Under the condition that the goal of government policy is to raise the standard of the infrastructure of inland cities, and that the most industries of coastal cities are staying in industrial growth period, the cities with higher level of economic development grow fast more.

Asylum and integration policies are important components of a country's migration policy. Firstly because of their very nature, as they deal with international protection and integration of foreigners into society. However, as it is indicated in this thesis, the functioning of these policies may affect not only how asylum or integration processes are taking place after the foreigners cross the country's borders but it may to some extent influence who comes into the country. This can be caused by how the country is perceived and whether people will consider it a suitable "refuge" and seek asylum there. Also, governments can determine how many people will come to their territory based on various relocation mechanisms. In order to understand the impact and functioning of asylum and integration policies, it is necessary to explore their different levels: discourse, policy on paper and its real implementation. This thesis describes how these levels interact and influence each other. Studying these three policy lines is especially interesting today because the phenomenon of migration was not significant for the public in Slovakia until a few years ago, but in 2015, with the culmination of the so-called migration crisis, it became one of the most important issues in Slovakia, despite the fact that the...

The topic of this thesis is the development of private enterprise in China in context of political and economic changes. The first chapter is devoted to the private sector development during last decades and its characteristics. The second chapter focuses on the private sector and its impact on the economy of China. Topics such as GDP or employment are discussed in this part. The end of this chapter shows the growth of Chinese private enterprise in the context of Chinese private companies' growth and the world's billionaires rise in last years. The third chapter looks at the issue from the other perspective. By analyzing yearbooks from world organizations I will find out what problems or obstacles put China to private enterprise to deal with, and also the means how the government promotes private business. The last chapter is devoted to current trends in the private business in China and its future development.

The thesis explores puzzling change in Chinese state sector over the past two decades. China’s debt-ridden state-owned enterprises (SOEs) were long seen as the most thorny reform dilemma; however, in the past decade, the surging profitability of large SOEs in the so-called “monopoly sectors” (longduan hangye 垄断行业) have made them lynchpins of an emerging state capitalist system. The main argument is that the state sector’s apparent reversal of fortunes is, in large measure, a legacy of the brief period of neoconservative rule (1989-1992) following the Tiananmen uprising in spring 1989. The fleeting ascendance of Chen Yun’s neoconservative faction provided them the opportunity to redirect the reform course set by Deng Xiaoping and embed a market vision which saw SOEs as pillars of the economy. The neoconservative leadership laid the normative and institutional foundations of a robust SOE-directed industrial policy regime which has gained momentum through the 1990s and into the last decade. The study also sheds lights on the political and economic drivers of China’s unfolding market order through analysis of the industry foundations of China’s emerging state capitalist system. In recent years, state ownership has concentrated in some industries and largely retreated from others. What is driving this process of what Pei (2006) terms the “selective withdrawal” of the state from the economy? To address this question, the nature of ownership change across Chinese industry in recent years is first analyzed. Focus then shifts to comparative analysis of the reform pathway of two industries in which state ownership remains dominant: telecommunications and airlines. Combining insights from the partial reform equilibrium model and historical institutionalism, the study argues that both the particularist interests of “short-term winners” in industry and the neoconservative policy legacy have left an imprint on the process of selective withdrawal.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:56:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexandreFCS_TESE_1-330.pdf: 5092728 bytes, checksum: ce133733efbeea8d2f8352bd2df7f3d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-18 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The metropolitan regions of Northeast Brazil are being gradually included in a scenario of international investments, which are motivated by the restructuring of both touristic and real-estate sectors. The new capital, real-estate developers and space configurations that result from this process indicate the need for the creation and implementation of public tools which should, at least, allow the mitigation of the urban impacts and environmental losses resulting from this situation. The effects on landscape and on the socio-spatial configuration result from the intensification caused by the dynamism of the "real estate-tourism" sector. There is a regional integration as an expression of the urban expansion of the metropolitan area of Natal. This study investigates the uniqueness of the restructuring and territorial integration of coastal areas and the strategies of the circuit of capital accumulation formed by linking the real estate to tourism. It is intended to increase the understanding about the strategies of tourism, real estate and public policy agents involved in this territorial reconfiguration and in the fund-raising needed for the investments, to understand the existing social and environmental effects and their future trends and also to understand the forms of spatial production as results from the practices of approaching the land transformation and the tourism valorization of the landscape, in a synchronous manner, first in the Northeast region and, as a focal study, in the Metropolitan Area of Natal. Likewise, it is intended to apprehend the current processes of metropolization of the eastern coast of Rio Grande do Norte, in addition to indicate its physical-territorial transformation and the types of projects/developments promoted by the market in the recent period. Based upon analysis undertaken for the Metropolitan Region of Natal RN, this piece of work presents some considerations on possible legal instruments that can be adjusted to the municipalities which are experiencing the impact of this peculiar and recent phenomenon in the region, caused by the arrival of the real estate-touristic capital. It is also intended to point out basic proposals to the forms of public intervention, in a speculative way, starting from a Metropolitan Planning project within a medium and long term / As regi?es metropolitanas do Nordeste est?o gradualmente sendo inseridas em um cen?rio de investimentos internacionais, motivados pela reestrutura??o dos setores tur?stico e imobili?rio. O novo capital, agentes imobili?rios e configura??es espaciais resultantes deste processo indicam a necess?ria constru??o e implementa??o de instrumentos p?blicos que permitam minorar, pelo menos, os impactos urbanos e perdas ambientais decorrentes desse cen?rio. Os efeitos na paisagem e na configura??o socioespacial resultam da intensifica??o provocada pelo dinamismo do imobili?rio-tur?stico . Ocorre uma Integra??o regional como express?o da expans?o da mancha urbana metropolitana de Natal. Este estudo investiga as singularidades da reestrutura??o e inser??o territorial das zonas litor?neas e as estrat?gias do circuito de acumula??o do capital, constitu?do pela articula??o entre o imobili?rio e o turismo. Pretende-se ampliar o entendimento sobre as estrat?gias dos agentes tur?sticos, imobili?rios e das pol?ticas p?blicas envolvidas nessa reconfigura??o territorial e na capta??o dos recursos necess?rios ao investimento, compreender os efeitos socioambientais existentes e suas tend?ncias futuras e entender as formas de produ??o espacial como resultantes da aproxima??o de pr?ticas de transforma??o do solo e de valoriza??o tur?stica da paisagem, de modo sincr?nico, primeiro na regi?o nordeste e, como estudo focal, na Regi?o Metropolitana de Natal. Igualmente se pretende apreender os atuais processos de metropoliza??o do litoral oriental do RN, al?m de indicar sua transforma??o f?sicoterritorial e os tipos de projetos/empreendimentos fomentados pelo mercado em fase recente. Com base em an?lises j? realizadas para a Regi?o Metropolitana de Natal RN, este trabalho delineia algumas reflex?es sobre os instrumentos legais pass?veis de serem ajustados aos munic?pios impactados pelo fen?meno peculiar e recente ? regi?o, provocado pela chegada do capital imobili?rio-tur?stico . Pretende-se apontar proposi??es b?sicas ?s formas de interven??o p?blica, em um panorama especulativo, a partir de um Planejamento Metropolitano para m?dio e longo prazo

In this thesis, the effects that state sector relocations have on regional development in Sweden are investigated. In January 2017, a government report was released, suggesting the relocation of 10 000 state sector jobs from the capital of Stockholm to other parts of Sweden in order to enhance the preconditions for regional development in the destination localities. This thesis aims to investigate which effects that state sector relocations and state sector jobs have on regional development. Three determinants were used to find these effects: the share of state sector employees, the state sector employee growth rate and a dummy variable which denoted four separate occasions of larger relocations. Three of those relocations were executed as a compensation for military base closures. With a fixed effect panel data analysis, it was possible to investigate the effects of these three determinants and a number of control variables on two regional development variables: average income growth and net migration rate. The data used consists of panel data for the years 2006-2015 on a municipality level, with 264 included municipalities, in Sweden and derived from Statistics Sweden. The results showed that the state sector employee growth rate-variable had a positive effect on average income growth. However, the state sector relocation dummy had a negative effect on average income growth. These contradictory results, might be due to the military base closures which occurred a couple of years before the relocations, blurring the positive effects from the relocations. The state sector job-variables had no significant effect on net migration rate, and no obvious long-term effects were found as the share of state sector employees did not show any significant effects on average income growth.

No abstract / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)

PAZDEROVÁ, H. Analysis of social workers education in non-state non-profit organisations. Prague: Faculty of Art, Charles University, 2016, p. 67. Diploma work. The thesis describes the possibilities in profesional development of social workers in drop-in centres for youth and children in Czech Republic considering the increase of quality standards in providing social services. In theoretical part of the thesis there is a focus on social work specifications as a profession in context of czech social politics especially in non-state non-profit sector which offers space for organizations providing quality social services. Then we deal with the possibilities of social workers professional development via various forms of supervision or other education. Exploratory inquiry aims to concrete possibilities of professional development from the point of view of social workers in drop-in centres for youth and children in Czech Republic regarding to valid Standards of quality in providing social services regulation. The methods of document analysis and online survey are used in the thesis.

No abstract available / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)

La presente investigación considera la propuesta de negocios para un proyecto orientado a promocionar al ladrillo ecológico, teniendo como base de oportunidad a nuestra experiencia en el rubro, el déficit de infraestructura en el Perú y el apalancamiento que representa el concepto medioambiental. Todo ello se traduce en el análisis de las fortalezas de este producto respecto al ladrillo convencional, de cara al segmento objetivo que se ha definido para una primera gran etapa del proyecto. La estrategia, en términos generales, pasa por promocionar un producto que cuenta con certificados que avalan sus propiedades favorables a la construcción, e introducirlo en los requerimientos técnicos para el sector público; esto a través de un plan de comercial que considera implementar proyectos piloto con fines de cobertura y nivel de exposición al proyecto. Este sector tiene la posibilidad de ejecutar numerosos proyectos que involucran presupuestos de amplia escala, y que, por tanto, abrirá la posibilidad posterior de llevar la propuesta a un sector que también ofrece una importante ventana de oportunidad: la minería, como segunda etapa del proyecto. Para ello, se incluye una evaluación de la industria de la construcción en la actualidad y su entorno, en donde se observa la amplia oportunidad que tiene el ladrillo ecológico de forma cualitativa - además de plantear las estrategias para el plan comercial. Finalmente, la evaluación financiera confirma la viabilidad del proyecto a través de un VAN de S/1’407,069 y una TIR de 46.89%; siendo éstos indicadores favorables y con perspectiva de negocio sostenible. / This research considers the business proposal for a project aimed at promote the ecological brick, taking as an opportunity basis our experience in the field, the infrastructure deficit in Peru and the opportunity that the environmental concept represents. All this translates into the analysis of the strengths of this product with respect to conventional brick, facing the target segment that has been defined for a first major stage of the project. The strategy, in general terms, is to promote a product that has certificates that guarantee its favorable properties for construction, and introduce it into the technical requirements for the public sector; this through a commercial plan that considers implementing pilot projects with the purpose of coverage and level of exposure to the project. This sector has the possibility of executing numerous projects that involve large-scale budgets, and that, therefore, will open the subsequent possibility of taking the proposal to a sector that also offers an important window of opportunity: mining, as the second stage of the project. For this, an evaluation of the current construction industry and its surroundings is included. Where is observed the wide opportunity that the ecological brick, from a qualitative perspective, in addition to proposing the strategies for the commercial plan. Finally, the financial evaluation confirms the project´s viability through a VAN of S/1'407,069 and an TIR of 46.89%; these being favorable indicators and with a sustainable business perspective. / Trabajo de investigación