Ethnographie, Kulturgeschichte oder Folkloristik? Die staatssozialistische Version der Volkskunde als wissenschaftliche Disziplin war nicht einfach zu definieren. Zwischen einer systemübergreifend kompatiblen Grundlagenforschung und einer spezifisch staatssozialistischen Anwendungsorientierung oszillierte die Arbeit der beiden wichtigsten Institute der ostdeutschen und tschechischen Volkskunde der 1970er und 1980er Jahre: des Wissenschaftsbereichs Kulturgeschichte/Volkskunde des Zentralinstituts für Geschichte an der Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR und des Instituts für Ethnographie und Folkloristik an der Tschechoslowakischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten des wissenschaftlichen Wandels und der Arbeitsalltage der tschechischen und deutschen staatssozialistischen Akademie-Volkskunde ergaben sich aus den jeweiligen Traditionen und den zeitgenössischen Bezügen des Faches sowie aus den politischen Veränderungen seit Beginn der 1970er Jahre auf nationaler und internationaler Ebene. Es ergab sich für die Mitarbeiter beider Institute ein Perpetuum Mobile des Ressourcenwandels: Im wissenschaftlichen Bereich konnten Ressourcen über Forschungsaktivitäten zu politiknahen Themen erweitert werden, während mittels der verfügbaren Ressourcen in den Bereichen Politik und Öffentlichkeit aktiv dafür gesorgt werden konnte, dass gerade diese Themen ständig aktualisiert wurden. Nicht nur Erfolg und Scheitern der formell befugten Akteure, die Basis "im Plan" zu halten, lassen sich an konkreten Konflikten im Arbeitsalltag ablesen, sondern auch die jeweils aktivierten Ressourcen der Beteiligten. Daher bietet sich ein alltagsgeschichtlicher Zugang an. Mit Hilfe des transnationalen Vergleichs lassen sich system- wie national bedingte Charakteristika der wissenschaftlichen Arbeit im Staatssozialismus zwischen 1972 und 1990 herausarbeiten. / Cultural Engineers. Social anthropology at the Academies of Sciences in the GDR and in Czechoslovakia 1972-1990 Mapping two state socialist versions of social anthropology is one of the tasks of this thesis. Providing insight into academia as an example for a state socialist work place the thesis furthermore adresses interdisciplinary discussions about the distribution of power under the conditions of late state socialism. The thesis concentrates on the Academy of Sciences for its prominent role in state socialist research, both in the GDR and in Czechoslovakia. Here, the German Wissenschaftsbereich Kulturgeschichte/Volkskunde with departments in Berlin, Rostock and Dresden, and the Czech Ustav etnografii a folkloristiku with departments in Prague and Brno, are of interest. Comparing the routines and conflicts that evolved after 1972 in these research institutes the thesis analyzes the working conditions of state socialist social anthropology in a non-university setting. Not only was the research of present or past folk cultures part of the work schedule. Another side of the coin was the implementation of cultural and social policies of the Communist Party. The study proves the strength of transnational comparison as a valid method for historiography and the strength of the model of resources as introduced by Mitchell Ash.

The main topic of the thesis is a description of the transformation of the Sport Cynology during the second half of the 20th century in the Liberec region. The sport is based on cooperation between people and dogs. This hobby belongs to the most popular freetime activities in the Czech Republic, even though there is not enough information in Czechoslovak historiography. The aim of the thesis consists in a characterization of development of the Sport Cynology in the era of State Socialism in Czechoslovakia in the second half of the 20th century. I focus on a historical progress of the sport and its significant events, which were crucial for the next development of the sport activity. In the context of the Sport Cynology, "The Association for Cooperation with the Army" is mentioned because Czechoslovak cynology had to become a part of the association in 1953. In the first section of the paper, focused on history of the cynology, I use archival materials, contemporary magazines and information got from interviews with narrators. I apply qualitative research and its specific methods such as analysis of documents and thematically oriented biographical narratives. Key words: Sport Cynology, State Socialism, Liberec region, The Association for Cooperation with the Army, Contemporary History, Oral History.

This thesis is dedicated to women who were called "the super women" during the communist era. Their mission was to combine their profession with taking care of their children alongside of being a housewife. Even though the traditional model of the men supporting the whole family changed to more democratic model with the both man and woman supporting the family, the housekeeping and taking care of children still stayed the wive's responsibility. In the period of communism, women were "double burdened". They dedicated their lives for their families and the free time they had, which was less then what men had, mostly corresponded with the interests of children and the whole family. In this thesis I focus on how these women live nowadays. They have already retired and after losing their partner they now live alone. I also focus on how they deal with this different life situation and changes in their social roles. I work with the theoretical approaches of emancipated femininity and active aging as a way to cope with changes in social status. I chose the qualitative approach as a research method. It is implemented in this diploma thesis by analyzing thorough interviews with widowed seniors.

This study analyses the concept of The Environment among Czechoslovak architects and on the field of architectural theory in the 1960s. Environmental problematic was frequent topic across different expert groups since end of the 1950s and especially in the 1960s. Architects was one those groups and they actively further developed this concept of The Environment and environmental problematics during 1960s. This effort had brought interesting theoretical concepts and ideas and was also influenced by general Czechoslovak intellectual milieu of 1960s. Architects also started to critically address the degradation of natural environment due to increasing industrial pollution. They also accomplished several successes on the field of environmental problematics. They managed to establish specialized field of study and played a key role in some international conferences and meetings dealing with environmental problems under UNESCO, OSN or International Union of Architects. This study indicates some of yet not well known intellectual riches of Czechoslovak 1960s and also points that continuous environmental degradation during the reign of communist party was not caused by insufficient expertise and the source for this major problem should be further researched. Key words: Architecture, Environment,...