Neigiamas informacijos apdorojimo stilius SANTRAUKA Mes nuolatos apdorojame vienokią ar kitokią informaciją, nuolatos vertiname, keičiame savo nuostatas, požiūrius, įkomponuodami naują patyrimą tiek į suvokimą, tiek į atmintį, todėl svarbu yra suvokti, kokiu informacijos apdorojimo stiliumi esame linkę naudotis. Pagrindinis mūsų tyrimo tikslas buvo nustatyti, ar daliai individų yra būdingas neigiamas informacijos apdorojimo stilius, taip pat norėjome išsiaiškinti, kaip toks apdorojimo stilius įtakoja emocinę būseną — konkrečiau, kaip mūsų informacijos apdorojimo stilius veikia afektą ar emocinę būseną ir ar ši sąveika turi įtakos atminties procesams. Tyrime dalyvavo 106 respondentai — 60 moterų ir 46 vyrai, kurių amžiaus vidurkis 23 metai. Visi dalyvavę tiriamieji — aukštesniųjų kursų studentai. Tyrime buvo naudojamos kelios metodikos: Beck depresijos klausimynas (BDI) — jo pagalba buvo įvertinta tiriamųjų emocinė būsena, Teigiamo ir neigiamo afekto skalė (sudaryta remiantis PANAS-Now metodika) — panaudota būdingų afektų tyrimo metu nustatymui, Emocinės išraiškos įvertinimo metodas, kurio pagalba įvertinome tiriamiesiems būdingą informacijos apdorojimo stilių bei Teigiamų ir neigiamų žodžių atgaminimo metodas, kurį sukūrėme siekdami nustatyti neigiamo informacijos apdorojimo stiliaus bei informacijos atgaminimo ypatumus. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, jog dalis individų yra linkę naudotis neigiamu informacijos apdorojimo stiliumi. Taip pat išsiaiškinta, kad kuo neigiamiau individai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Negative style of information processing SUMMARY We always process different kind of information; we evaluate and change our attitudes and opinions composing new experiences to our perception as well as memory, that is why it is so important to recognize the information processing style which is common to us. The prime objective of our research was to ascertain if some individuals are apt to use negative style of information processing. We also wanted to see if this kind of information processing conditions the emotional state and if this interaction affects memory processes. The study involved 106 participants, 46 male and 60 female, all of them were students. Our research methodology was based on Beck depression inventory (BDI) — by the medium of this questionnaire we evaluated participants’ emotional state, Positive and negative affect scale (that was based on PANAS-Now metodology) — was used to ascertain the affect that was common to certain participant at the time of the research. With the help of The classing of emotional expressions method we measured the information processing styles that was typical for the participants and finally, the method of recalling Positive and negative words was invented to evaluate singularities of the negative style of information processing and information recalling. The findings of our research suggest that part of individuals are prone to using negative style of information processing. The analysis of our experimental evidence also... [to full text]

The science of behavior analysis relies heavily on direct observation. Human observers are typically used to measure behavior in applied settings. Although the use of human observers is beneficial in many regards, it also presents challenges. Of primary concern is the extent to which the data generated by observers actually corresponds to the behavioral events of interest, and the implications this may have in terms of replication. This study assessed the effects that labels, definitions, and examples and non-examples of two different modalities had on observer accuracy, consistency, and agreement. Results showed that current practices in observer training may require refinement to ensure high observer accuracy, consistency, and agreement. Suggestions for how to improve the desired stimulus control of observers are provided.

Electrical stimulation has been widely used in the field of sport training or functional rehabilitation to enhance strength training and to assess voluntary muscle activation. Two superimposed techniques can be used: 1) the twitch interpolation technique, which consists of interjecting an electrical stimulus onto the muscle nerve; and 2) the percutaneous superimposed electrical stimulation technique, where the stimulation is applied to the muscle belly. These two superimposed techniques can be used to evaluate the ability to fully activate a muscle. Temperature is important for muscle function. Muscle contraction and relaxation becomes quicker, development of power increasing as the temperature of the body raises. Immoderate temperature of the muscle, as a result, can decrease physical efficiency. However it is unclear how muscle heating can affect superimposed pulse force, therefore our aim was to determine and compare variant temperature affect on additionally activated quadriceps femoris muscle during isometric load. The study was performed at Lithuanian Academy of Physical Education. The subjects were 10 healthy adult men (age 22,1 ± 2,3 years, weight 72,3 ± 4,9 kg, height 178 ± 5,7 cm) who were not actively going in for sports. The study was consisted of two stages. During the first stage subjects were tested under control conditions. During the second stage (was performed after two weeks) subjects were tested, when their muscles were heated. Quadriceps femoris... [to full text]