This thesis provides elementary art teachers strategies for teaching lessons in a method called "differentiation". The purpose of differentiation is to tailor lesson plans to try and meet unique needs of the students. Lessons can be differentiated through content, process, or product. A teacher may choose one of these three areas and provide different approaches to the lesson to meet different learning needs of the students. To meet different learning needs in an efficient way, students are grouped for lessons based on their readiness, interests, or their learning styles. This thesis provides greater detail on content, process, product, readiness, interests, and learning profiles related to differentiation in the art classroom. It also provides practical strategies and lesson ideas for elementary art teachers who want to apply the differentiation teaching method in their classrooms.

My diploma thesis is focused on a qualitative research on relationship between personal and work life and the life strategies of successful women with children. The objective of this paper is to find out what is the actual life stage and the ideal stage of the women's life they strive to achieve. There will be a particular focus taken on a context of their professional career and the space that has been created between their family and personal live. Therefore, it will be about their identity strategies and how do they practice it in combination of both of their life spheres. The research is conducted by narrative- biographical interviews that are completed by a Life axis method that works well as a guide for managing the interviews, the topics of the main interest of women in particular. All research findings are confronted by professional literature. Keywords: Work/life balance, strategies for combining work and family, gender identity of women, family and labour negotiations. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Curriculum and Instruction / Frederick Burrack / The purpose of this research is to discover influences that guide practice habits of collegiate instrumental music students, explore student self-discovery of practice needs, and create strategies that can be used to improve the quality of students’ individual music practice. To best address these intentions, three unique yet sequential studies were implemented. The Discovery study focused on the uncovering prior experiences that shaped students’ practice habits before entering college to get an idea of how current practice habits were formed. The Video Self-Confrontation study had participants watch a video recording of a practice sessions to address possible gaps between their perception and the reality of their practice habits. The video self-confrontation prompted discussion about possibilities for enhanced practice skills. The Intervention study expanded upon information from previous studies to develop and administer personalized interventions designed to address weaknesses and identify effect on participants’ practice habits. Independent practice, the time after instruction when a student works toward mastery of skills or concepts, is widely recognized as a critical component of improvement in the performance music. These studies aim to help bridge the gap between practice theories and optimal experiences. These studies explored elements related to practice behavior. Because each person had unique experiences and diverse ways to describe their experiences, a methodology for each study was required that allowed for structured data collection and organization. As such, the constructivist paradigm supported these studies.

Master of Landscape Architecture / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning / Blake Belanger / Resilience in social-ecological systems, defined by ecologist C.S. Holling (1973), is the persistence of systems after a disturbance. This theory of resilience is becoming increasingly important, especially in urban areas where human systems dominate. Therefore, creating resilient social-ecological systems is emerging as a focus for many landscape architects when designing urban landscapes. Researchers and practitioners have created frameworks and strategies for applying resilience theory, but designers are still lacking tangible methods they can use to implement design strategies to create resilient landscapes. This research presents a set of resilient design strategies, so landscape architects can have a tool to design generally resilient social-ecological systems in urban areas. In order to discover strategies which improve system resilience, I conducted a literature review and created a perceptual model of the social-ecological systems operating in the study site, Washington Square Park in Kansas City, Missouri. The perceptual model determined systems and system components I focused on in this research. These systems are soil, water, vegetation, fauna, and people. Strategies suggested by Jack Ahern (2011), Brian Walker and David Salt (2006), and Kevin Cunningham (2013) for creating resilience determined strategies which were applied to the system components in order to evaluate the park for resilience. The strategies suggested are modularity, redundancy, tight feedbacks, and ecosystem services. In addition, the system components and strategies were used to analyze case studies. I used strategies discovered in the case study analyses along with goals for the redesign of Washington Square Park, discovered by analyzing the site and previous park documents, to create the guidelines. I then used the guidelines to create a design proposal for the park. The current state of the system components in the park and the proposed state from the redesign were used to show the guidelines’ success in increasing the general resilience of Washington Square Park. These guidelines have potential to increase resilience in other urban civic spaces through a similar methodology I used for Washington Square Park. In addition, the guidelines have the potential to further research in applying resilience theory to the design of landscapes.

Aim: The aim of our research is to explore and narrate the post-merger effects on employees' motivation and effective managerial role for the motivation management in the staff in Post-Merger Phase. Methodology: The research is qualitative and covers both, the managerial and employees’ approach through application of Herzberg (1966) motivational theory to assess certain changes in employees’ motivation level during the Post-Merger phase. Primary data is sourced from face to face interviews of respondents and narrated in empirical findings. Analysis and conclusion are derived on the basis of the State of Art theories. Conclusion: Merger affects the employees’ motivations by ignoring their motivational factors, communication and information sharing management. Managerial role is important to answer the employees’ job insecurities and maintain the level of their motivation effectively. Optimum employees-organization relationship can be secured through effective information and communication management for the success of corporate objectives and employees’ satisfaction. Contribution: The research greatly contributes towards knowledge in management studies and relevant information is useful for business management students, managers, and Merger implementing management about certain aspects of consequential organizational changes and motivational factors of the workforce. The repeated research to periodically observe the staff's motivation and effective managerial implements can enhance in-depth knowledge of potential effective remedies especially for new and possibly merging organizations. Through such kind of research works, Merger failure rate can be reduced and overcome gradually that result due to employee’s diminishing motivations at workplace and management's’ failure to take cognizance of Post-Merger changes in employee’s behaviour

La gestion d'une ressource en eau souterraine utilisée pour l'irrigation est un phénomène dépendant de plusieurs facteurs et concernant différents acteurs (utilisateurs et gestionnaire). En cas d'aléa climatique comme la sécheresse, gérer une ressource devient un problème plus complexe. Il est justement important de mieux comprendre et d'anticiper les sécheresses car ils peuvent avoir des impacts significatifs sur l'activité économique agricole et sur les niveaux de la ressource. Pour cela, le type d'information dont disposent les utilisateurs et/ou les gestionnaire est essentiel. Dans les chapitres 2 et 3, nous analysons l'impact d'une sécheresse "hydrologique" sur la gestion optimale de la ressource, avant et après son arrivée. Dans le chapitre 2, nous montrons comment le gestionnaire de la ressource peut s'adapter le mieux possible à cette sécheresse selon l'information dont il dispose. Dans le chapitre 3, nous montrons que la prise en compte des interactions stratégiques et dynamiques entre les utilisateurs de la ressource entraîne une exploitation moins efficace de la ressource. Nous appliquons les modèles des chapitres 2 et 3 à l'aquifère La Mancha Occidentale au Sud de l'Espagne. Dans le chapitre 4, nous analysons l'impact d'une sécheresse "agronomique" sur la gestion optimale d'une exploitation agricole située dans la zone de la Beauce centrale, en France. Nous prenons en compte des informations de caractère hydrologique, agronomique et économique. En particulier, nous étudions l'impact d'une année sèche sur la valeur ajoutée de l'exploitation et sur la ressource en eau utilisée. De plus, nous nous intéressons au comportement stratégique que les agriculteurs peuvent avoir en année sèche, que ce soit sans ou avec restrictions des usages de l'eau. Nous montrons qu'une politique de régulation est nécessaire pour éviter la surexploitation de la nappe en année sèche. / The management of a groundwater resource used for irrigation is a phenomenon that depends on several factors and concerning various actors (users and manager). Moreover, the resource can be subject to droughts. In this case, the management of the resource becomes a more complex problem. Adaptation to droughts is important because they can have significant impacts on agriculturalactivity and on the water table of the resource. This adaptation hinges crucially on the information available to the manager and the resource users. In chapters 2 and 3, we analyze the impact of an hydrological drought on the optimal management of the resource, before and after its arrival. In particular, in chapter 2, we show how the manager can adapt as good as possible to this drought according to the nature of information he has. In chapter 3, we are show that taking into account strategic and dynamic interactions between the users of the ressource leads to less efficient resource use. We apply models of chapters 2 and 3 to the aquifer Western La Mancha, in Spain. In chapter 4, we study the impact of an agronomic drought on the optimal management of a farm in the area of Central Beauce, in France. We take into account hydrological, agronomic and economic informations. In particular, we analyze the impact of a dry period on the annual benefits of the farm and on the groundwater resource level. Furthermore, we study optimal strategic behavior of farmers in a dry year, whether they are subject to water restrictions or not. We show that a regulation policy is necessary to avoid the overexploitation of the ressource in a dry year.

Researchers point to the fact that stress and anxiety among college students are a

The aim of the research study is firstly to examine the relationship between self-esteem and learning strategies amongst first year university students. From this the investigator aimed to discern whether there is a link between cognitive and affective factors in student learning as has been widely accepted in pedagogical studies. Secondly, the difference in self-esteem levels in relation to gender and year of study were also examined. Thirdly, the differences in self-esteem and learning strategies in relation to year of study were investigated. The rationale for the investigations in this study stems from the fact that first year university students are seen to be at a major life transition that brings with it challenges on an affective (self-esteem) and cognitive (learning strategies) level. The sample of the study consisted of 197 participants gathered from the University of the Witwatersrand. The instruments utilised were the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (1965), the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory- LASSI (Weinstein, 1987) and a brief Student Demographic Survey to gain information such as the students gender and year of study. Findings indicated that there is a relationship between self-esteem and the motivation to learn- one of the components of the LASSI. However, contrary to many other findings, no cognitive-affective link was evident. Furthermore, males and females appeared to show difference in the study aids learning strategy as well as in self-esteem levels, where females proved to have more positive self-esteem levels than the males. Year of study lastly, also proved to have an influence in student self-esteem levels.

The aim of this research was to longitudinally and quantitatively investigate sense of coherence (SOC) and coping strategies as predictors of compassion satisfaction (CS) and compassion fatigue (CF) as measured by secondary traumatic stress (STS) and burnout (BT) during the first six months of training in a professional psychology training programme. Trainee therapists’, “dramatically shift” their “focus of functioning over time” to adorn the personality and self of the therapist (Rønnestad & Skovholt, 2003, p. 28). This adaptive process may initially unravel over six months as trainees balance client and workload stressors (Hill, Sullivan, Knox & Schlosser, 2007; Tryssenaar & Perkins, 2001). However, research on the developmental processes behind the negative (CF) and positive (CS) avenues of therapeutic stressors is lacking in the trainee therapists’ population, especially quantitatively (Schwing, LaFollette, Steinfeldt & Wong, 2010; Thériault, Gazzola & Richardson, 2009). This research aimed to explore these issues in relation to professional development through SOC and coping as predictors of CS and CF over a six month training period. Variables were investigated quantitatively through the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) (Stamm, 2010) the Brief COPE (BCOPE) (Carver, 1997) and the 29-item self-report Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ) (Antonovsky, 1987). As such, the primary focus of this research was on how SOC and coping strategies were utilised by trainee therapists as process variables in predicting the positive (CS) and negative (CF) avenues of therapeutic work over a six month period of psychotherapy training. Findings suggested that, at the beginning of training, sense of coherence was directly associated with the core outcome variables (CS and CF (as measured by STS and BT). When trainee therapists started seeing clients two months later, the effect of SOC was mediated by coping. At the end of training, only coping was directly associated with outcome variables as the effect of SOC on CS and CF disappeared. These implications are further discussed in the research.

Thesis advisor: Abhishek Chatterjee / Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) offers a powerful approach to study biomolecular dynamics in vitro as well as in vivo. The ability to apply FRET imaging to proteins in living cells provides an excellent tool to monitor important dynamic events such as protein conformational changes, protein-protein interactions, and proteolysis reactions. However, selectively incorporating two distinct fluorophores into the target protein(s) that are capable of FRET interaction within the complex cellular milieu is challenging. Consequently, terminal fusion to genetically encoded fluorescent proteins has emerged as the predominant labeling strategy for FRET studies in vivo. However, a major limitation of this strategy stems from the large size of the fluorescent proteins, which may perturb the native properties of the target, and restricted attachment only to the termini of the target. We reasoned that using genetically encoded fluorescent unnatural amino acids would overcome several of these challenges associated with currently available labeling strategies owing to their small size and the ability to introduce them site- specifically and co-translationally. Here, we report the use of the fluorescent unnatural amino acid “Anap” as a FRET donor with green and yellow fluorescent protein acceptors. We demonstrate the utility of this labeling strategy using proteolysis and conformational change models, and step towards in vivo studies by further developing a proteolysis system in cell lysates. / Thesis (MS) — Boston College, 2016. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Chemistry.