La presente memoria tiene como objetivo el diseño de un laboratorio de IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) que contribuye a la docencia del Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica de la Universidad de Chile en la formación de ingenieros del área de las Telecomunicaciones. El diseño se centra en el estudio de la arquitectura, componentes y funcionamiento de una plataforma IPTV básica. La metodología se basa en realizar un análisis de las diferentes alternativas de equipos, software y hardware disponibles actualmente en el mercado considerando sus ventajas, desventajas y principales características. Sobre la base del análisis anterior se eligen las mejores alternativas para cada una de las etapas del sistema, se realiza una implementación de prueba que permita comprobar su funcionamiento en una red pequeña. Basado en esta experiencia se propone una topología, direccionamiento, dimensionamiento y método de instalación como formalización del diseño. Para la plataforma propuesta se elaboran prácticas experimentales para el desarrollo de un curso de IPTV con un enfoque teórico y aplicado para el apoyo a la docencia. Estas experiencias se centran en los aspectos característicos de esta tecnología y se acompañan de diferentes herramientas de análisis para el uso por parte de los alumnos. El diseño de esta plataforma IPTV se compara con una de un operador telefónico que actualmente ofrece además el servicio de Televisión Digital mediante banda ancha. De esta comparación se concluye que exceptuando las diferencias en costos de los equipos, la plataforma diseñada permite en forma didáctica conocer los aspectos básicos de esta tecnología.

The ever-increasing demand on content distribution and media streaming over the Internet has created the need for efficient methods of delivering information. One of the most promising approaches is based on multicasting. However, multicast solutions have to cope with several constraints as well as being able to perform in different environments such as wired, wireless, and ad hoc environments. Additionally, the scale and size of the Internet introduces another dimension of difficulty. Providing scalable multicast for mobile hosts in wireless environment and in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) is a challenging problem. In the past few years, several protocols have been proposed to efficient multicast solutions over the Internet, but these protocols did not give efficient solution for the scalability issue. In this thesis, scalable multicast protocols for wired, wireless and wireless ad hoc networks are proposed and evaluated. These protocols share the idea of building up a multicast tree gradually and recursively as join/leave of the multicast group members using a dynamic branching node-based tree (DBT) concept. The DBT uses a pair of branching node messages (BNMs). These messages traverse between a set of dynamically assigned branching node routers (BNRs) to build the multicast tree. In the proposed protocols only the branching node routers (BNRs) carry the state information about their next BNRs rather than the multicast group members, which gives a fixed size of control packet header size as the multicast group size increases, i.e. a good solution to the problem of scalability. Also the process of join/leave of multicast group members is carried out locally which gives low join/leave latency. The proposed protocols include: Scalable Recursive Multicast protocol (SReM) which is proposed using the DBT concepts mentioned above, Mobile Scalable Recursive Multicast protocol (MoSReM) which is an extension for SReM by taking into consideration the mobility feature in the end hosts and performing an efficient roaming process, and finally, a Scalable Ad hoc Recursive Multicast protocol (SARM) to achieve the mobility feature for all nodes and performing an efficient solution for link recovery because of node movement. By cost analysis and an extensive simulation, the proposed protocols show many positive features like fixed size control messages, being scalable, low end to end delay, high packet rate delivery and low normalized routing overhead. The thesis concludes by discussing the contributions of the proposed protocols on scalable multicast in the Internet society.

En la actualidad, el creciente interés por las nuevas tecnologías relacionadas con la televisión ha dado pie a numerosos estudios, por un lado se encuentran las industrias que han mejorado la calidad de la imagen, por otro lado en todos los continentes se están implementando nuevos estándares de televisión. Estos avances vienen acompañados del crecimiento que ha mostrado Internet en los últimos años, primero por su versatilidad y segundo por su rapidez. Los avances que ha tenido Internet, tanto en sistemas operativos como en infraestructura, más el constante progreso de nuevas herramientas computacionales, ha ampliado la gama de servicios brindados por las telecomunicaciones, que es precisamente donde se establece el tema de esta memoria, la cual desarrolla una plataforma donde convergen estas mejoras. Considerando el gran interés del mercado por la televisión, se evalúa positivamente el diseño e implementación de una plataforma de servicios IP/TV enfocado en un grabador personal de video a través de una red IP local, con el mismo fundamento de MythTV y similar al sistema TiVo comercializado en USA, pero con la ventaja de no requerir costos operacionales por licencias de Softwares ni por costos de soporte de parte de las empresas. El trabajo realizado se llevó a cabo con herramientas computacionales Open Source, las que permiten su uso gratuitamente con soporte brindado por las comunidades que las desarrollan. Así, se efectuó la implementación de una plataforma de streaming de video a través del protocolo Internet con servicios como solicitar videos, transmitir televisión en directo y programar grabaciones de emisiones televisivas. Una aplicación de este tipo es una motivación para el cliente, dado que permite no perder programas que se transmitan en horarios inaccesibles. La metodología seguida consiste en implementar las distintas etapas que permiten alcanzar el diseño propuesto, esto a través de la selección, utilización y combinación de las herramientas que entreguen a la plataforma las características deseadas. Además, incluye una guía para recrearla de modo que pueda ser utilizada con fines docentes en laboratorios de pregrado. También se puede utilizar en futuros trabajos de memoria o tesis integrándose en otras soluciones de Streaming que la hagan converger con más servicios en una sola plataforma, estos contenidos y proyecciones otorgan a esta memoria un considerable valor docente.

Distributed media streaming has been driven by the combination of improved media compression techniques and an increase in the availability of bandwidth. This increase has lead to the development of various streaming distribution engines (systems/services), which currently provide the majority of the streaming media available throughout the Internet. This study aimed to analyse a range of existing commercial and open-source streaming media distribution engines, and classify them in such a way as to define a Common Analysis Framework for Simulated Streaming-Video Networks (CAFSS-Net). This common framework was used as the basis for a simulation tool intended to aid in the development and deployment of streaming media networks and predict the performance impacts of both network configuration changes, video features (scene complexity, resolution) and general scaling. CAFSS-Net consists of six components: the server, the client(s), the network simulator, the video publishing tools, the videos and the evaluation tool-set. Test scenarios are presented consisting of different network configurations, scales and external traffic specifications. From these test scenarios, results were obtained to determine interesting observations attained and to provide an overview of the different test specications for this study. From these results, an analysis of the system was performed, yielding relationships between the videos, the different bandwidths, the different measurement tools and the different components of CAFSS-Net. Based on the analysis of the results, the implications for CAFSS-Net highlighted different achievements and proposals for future work for the different components. CAFSS-Net was able to successfully integrate all of its components to evaluate the different streaming scenarios. The streaming server, client and video components accomplished their objectives. It is noted that although the video publishing tool was able to provide the necessary compression/decompression services, proposals for the implementation of alternative compression/decompression schemes could serve as a suitable extension. The network simulator and evaluation tool-set components were also successful, but future tests (particularly in low bandwidth scenarios) are suggested in order to further improve the accuracy of the framework as a whole. CAFSS-Net is especially successful with analysing high bandwidth connections with the results being similar to those of the physical network tests.

In the revolutionary world of Telecommunications industry, costumer’s satisfaction with the product plays a pivotal role. The QoE is affected by the quality of service of a network provided by the service providers. Generic relationship between Quality of Experience and Quality of Service aids to the evolution of smarter ways of regulating the network performance. Accordingly, several studies have engrossed on classifying the relationships between QoE and QoS, seldom noticing the exponential and logarithmic relationships. Correspondingly, investigating the influence of diverse parameters such as stalls, delays, losses on QoE and analyzing whether the additive model or multiplicative model fits the best. In this work, the aim is to investigate the relationships between multi-dimensional QoE space and multi-dimensional QoS parameters. In order to build the subtlety in the sector of multi-dimensional QoE models for multi factor QoS parameters, this study has been conducted.Since the demand for high quality videos is rising tremendously, it has been a necessity for the service and network providers to ensure the best service. In this study a statistical analysis was performed based on quality assessment method. The videos were streamed using the VLC Player and the user’s reactions were logged. A questionnaire was prepared with questions regarding quality and disturbances observed Figure 14. A total of 15 users participated in the study. The data collected in the study was analyzed using averages, correlations and regression analysis. Comparisons were made between the additive modelling approach and multiplicative modelling approach by linear regression. In conclusion, proposing that the multiplicative model is the best fit for resolutions vs stalls w.r.t mean opinion score (MOS).

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This thesis covers the investigation of different content sources on the Internet and the analysis of the requirements they put on a set-top box. It also covers the adaptation of the set-top box to one of these sources. An IP based set-top box (IP-STB) is mainly constructed for access to TV and video distributed over a high speed network. The IP-STB is also connected to the Internet and it potentially has access to all of the Internet based content. This could provide the user of the IP-STB with a lot of new services and was the stating point for my thesis work. The goal of this thesis was to make a broad investigation of different content sources on the Internet and to adapt an IP-STB to one of them. The investigation focused on streaming media content and how it was distributed over the Internet. It resulted in a representative overview of the streaming media content available and how the content is distributed. The IP-STB was adapted to handle the Streaming HTTP protocol which made it possible to listen to web radio transmissions from Sveriges Radio and other providers using the same protocol for their distribution.

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Today microscopy imaging is a widely used and powerful method for investigating biological processes. The microscopes can produce large amounts of data in a short time. It is therefore impossible to analyse all the data thoroughly because of time and cost constraints. HASTE (Hierarchical Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Image Data) is a collaborative research project between Uppsala University, AstraZeneca and Vironova which addresses this specific problem. The idea is to analyse the image data in real time to make fast decisions on whether to analyse further, store or throw away the data. To facilitate the development process of this system a microscope simulator has been designed and implemented with large focus on parameters relating to data throughput. Apart from building the simulator the framework Apache Kafka has been evaluated for streaming large images. The results from this project are both a working simulator which shows a performance similar to that of the microscope and an evaluation of Apache Kafka showing that it is possible to stream image data with the framework.

Internet och de moderna digitala plattformarna har inneburit stora förändringar för musikbranschen. Det fysiska albumet säljer allt mindre samtidigt som den digitala distributionen bryter ny mark och visar upp sin potential för omvärlden. Teknologins framgång har givit de oetablerade individerna i musikbranschen en hjälpande hand att producera sin musik hemifrån där endast kontaktuttag, dator och internet krävs. Uppsatsen ämnar att etablera en djupare förståelse för varför oetablerade musikproducenter och artister väljer att släppa sin musik gratis på streamingplattformar som exempelvis Soundcloud, Spotify och Tidal. Vidare är målet med uppsatsen att förstå vad de oetablerade musikproducenterna och artisterna har för tankesätt kring vilka plattformar de tycker är lämpligast och vilka tankesätt informanterna har om att marknadsföra sig själva, samt vilken kvalitet de känner att deras musik ska ha innan publicering. Hermeneutiska tolkningsramar bidrar till att representera informanternas bild av branschen. Kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer har genomförts på tre oetablerade artister och musikproducenter som arbetar med olika musikgenrer. Studien har visat att det handlar om att skapa en länk med sina lyssnare. Även om informanternas musik publiceras kostnadsfritt, får de istället kritisk feedback, nya kontakter och erfarenhet. De vill också få bekräftelse, men även visa tacksamhet till den fanbase de redan har. Det har visat sig att vara svårt för informanterna att etablera sin musik på plattformar som är baserad på prenumerationsbetalningar. Även om de skulle publicera sin musik på en större tjänst som Spotify kan det orsaka problem genom att antalet lyssnare blir för få, vilket kan leda till att andra artister med liknande låttitlar eller artistnamn istället stiger uppåt i listan.