No presente trabalho, usando ensaios de remoção por tração, o objetivo foi avaliar a eficiência de 4 agentes (fosfato de zinco S. S.White, ionômero de vidro Ketac Cem Easymix, resina composta RelayX Luting 2 e resina acrílica especial Panavia 21 TC) usados para fixar coroas totais de NiCr a munhões tronco-cônicos, usinados em liga de Ti-6Al-4V. Dentre os cinqüenta munhões utilizados, 40 permaneceram com sua superfície original altamente lisa (como vieram de fábrica) e foram distribuídos em grupos de 10, para cada agente cimentante; no grupo dos 10 restantes existiu uma modificação por irradiação com LASER e cimentação apenas com fosfato. Os ensaios mecânicos foram realizados em uma máquina universal MTS 810, na velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. A respectiva Análise de Variância (ANOVA) apontou existir diferença significante entre os grupos e o teste de Tukey (p<0,05) também mostrou diferenças significantes entre eles, exceto nas comparações original/fosfato versus original/RelayX e original/fosfato versus original/KetcCem. Para os munhões não-irradiados, o melhor desempenho foi apresentado pela resina Panavia 21 (1.127,996 N); a resina composta RelyX (478,197 N) mostrou comportamento similar apenas ao do fosfato (430,662 N), o qual apresentou desempenho semelhante ao ionômero de vidro KetacCem (227,705 N). A modificação da superfície do munhão fez com que a magnitude da resistência à tração das coroas cimentadas com fosfato aumentasse para 1.514,872 N. / By means of tensile essays, NiCr total crowns were removed from usinated tronco-conical abutments composed by an Ti-6Al-4V alloy; the performance of 4 cementig agents (S. S. White zinc phoshate, Ketac Cem Easymix glass ionomer, RelayX Luting 2 composite resin and Panavia 21 TC special acrylic resin) was evaluated. Among a total of 50 abutments, 40 were used with it surface presenting high smoothness (as they come from manufacturer) and distributed in groups of 10 elements, each group for each cementing agent; the other 10 abutments had had its surfaces modified by LASER and were used only with phosphate. The mechanical essays were developed at a MTS 810 universal machine, adjusted to a 0.5 mm/m velocity. The ANOVA applied to data pointed out the existence of significant differences between groups; the subsequent Tukey´s test (p<0.05) also detected significant differences, except at comparisons of original/phosphate versus original/ RelayX and original/phosphate versus original/ KetacCem. To non-irradiated abutments, the better performance was presented by Panavia 21 (1,127.996 N); RelyX (478.197 N) showed itself similar only to phosphate (430.662 N), wich had a performance similar to that of KetacCem (227.705 N). The referred LASER irradiation promoted an increased resistance to the phosfate, which reached 1,514.872 N.

O processo de estampagem à quente é um dos métodos possíveis para a conformação de aços de alta resistência. Para isso é necessário o estudo das propriedades termomecânicas para obtenção de parâmetros ótimos para a construção de uma linha de estampagem eficiente. Neste trabalho, foram realizados ensaios para determinar os parâmetros para a estampagem a quente do aço 22MnB5, e posteriormente a construção de uma linha de estampagem a quente completa. Obteve-se ao fim do processo, uma microestrutura martensitica com dureza de 430 HV com resistência à tração de aproximadamente 1365 MPa. / The hot stamping process is one of the possible ways to high strenght steel conformation. In this work, study of 22MnB5 steel thermomechanical properties was performed in order to obtain optimum parameters to hot stamping process. After, a complete hot stamping line was built. At the end of hot stamping process it was possible to obtain a martensitic microstructure with 1365 MPa strenght resistance and 430 HV.

Orientador: Marcelo Ferraz Mesquita / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T20:44:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valverde_GuilhermeBonecker_D.pdf: 4037993 bytes, checksum: 26ba8c00883b626cc58bc5c0cba10331 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Um esforço considerável tem sido feito pelos fabricantes e pesquisadores em alterar a propriedade das superfícies de materiais odontológicos como a zircônia e o titânio, através de tratamentos químicos e mecânicos. A nova tecnologia de plasmas atmosféricos não térmicos (NTP) tem o potencial de alterar quimicamente a superfície tanto da zircônia quanto do titânio. A proposta dos trabalhos realizados foi analisar a possível alteração química promovida pelo NTP através da determinação dos níveis de energia das superfícies (SE) de Y-TZP e Ti após o tratamento com NTP (1), caracterização química de suas superfícies (2), avaliação dos parâmetros de rugosidade e níveis de SE de superfícies de Y-TZP jateadas e polidas antes e após a aplicação do NTP (3), e a resistência à microtração (MTBS) de palitos de Y-TZP com diferentes métodos de tratamento, cimentados em palitos de reina composta (4). Para tal, discos de Y-TZP e Ti foram obtidos, submetidos à aplicação de NTP e avaliados quanto ao nível de SE. A quantificação de elementos químicos de ambas as superfícies foi realizada via espectroscopia de fotoelétrons excitados por raios x (XPS), antes a e após a aplicação do NTP. Os parâmetros de rugosidade, Sa e Sq, para a superfície de YTZP jateada e polida, foram estabelecidos por interferometria (IFM), e níveis de SE, estabelecidas pelo emprego do medidor óptico de ângulo de contato. Amostras de Y-TZP sem e com aplicação de NTP receberam um dos quatro tratamentos a seguir: jateamento de Al2O3, aplicação de 10-metacriloiloxidecil dihidrogeno fosfato, jateamento + MDP; sem tratamento e submetidos ao MTBS. Os dados foram submetidos a análises de variância one way, modelo misto de anova, teste de comparação múltipla de Tukey e test-t. Foi observado aumento significativo nos valores de SE para todas as superfícies submetidas à aplicação de NTP. A análise de XPS detectou principalmente, aumento da presença do elemento O e diminuição do elemento C, tanto na superfície da Y-TZP quanto na do Ti. As superfícies polida e jateada da Y-TZP apresentaram o mesmo nível de SE após a aplicação do NTP e todas as superfícies de Y-TZP tratadas com NTP apresentaram valores mais elevados de MTBS. A tecnologia de NTP alterou quimicamente as superfícies de Y-TZP e do Ti. Os resultados mostram que a utilização de NTP no processo de adesão pode ser promissor, no sentido de aumentar a adesão de materiais cerâmicos e metálicos / Abstract: There have been considerable efforts by many manufacturers and researchers to modify the surface properties of zirconia and titanium, mechanically and chemically by various surface treatments. Novel non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology has the potential to address surface changes of Y-TZP and Ti surfaces. The aim of the following studies was (1) to determine the surface energy (SE) levels of Y-TZP and Ti surfaces after NTP treatment; (2) chemically characterize their surfaces; (3) evaluate roughness parameters and SE levels of roughened YTZP specimens before and after NTP treatment; and (4) test the microtensile strength (MTBS) of Y-TZP specimens after a combination of different surface conditioning methods. Y-TZP and Ti discs were obtained from the manufacturer and were treated with a handheld NTP device followed by SE evaluation. Survey scans and quantification of the elements were also performed via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) prior and after NTP. Roughness paramenters, Sa and Sq, for the roughened Y-TZP surfaces were determined by Interferometry (IFM) and SE levels evaluated by the optical contact angle meter OCA 20. Furthermore, Y-TZP specimens with and without NTP application received one of the four following treatments: sand-blasting, 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogenphosphate application (MDP), sand-blasting + MDP, or baseline (no treatment) and were submitted to MTBS. Data analysis was performed by one-way anova, mixed model, Tukey test and t-test. Significant augmentation of SE values was observed in all NTP treated groups. XPS detected a large increase in the O element fraction and a decrease in C element on both Y-TZP and Ti surfaces. Different roughness profiles of Y-TZP specimens showed the same SE levels after NTP treatment, and all Y-TZP NTP treated specimens showed higher bond strength than the untreated counterparts. The non-thermal plasma technology had the capability of changing the surface chemistry of the different substrates tested and it appears to be very promising in adhesion processes / Doutorado / Protese Dental / Doutor em Clínica Odontológica

El presenta trabajo consistió en la evaluación de los indicadores de comportamiento sísmico: sobre resistencia y ductilidad para edificios aporticados de concreto armado a través del método estático no lineal con un software estructural. Para esto se sometió a evaluación edificios de 3, 6, 9,12 ,15 y 18 pisos. Los resultados de esta investigación mostraron que a medida que el periodo fundamental de una estructura aumenta, la sobre resistencia aumenta también, más no se puede plantear una tendencia clara. En el caso de la ductilidad hay una tendencia polinómica clara para cada eje del edificio: a medida que el periodo fundamental aumenta la ductilidad disminuye. Por otro lado la capacidad real de la estructura es superior al cortante de diseño que se muestra en la norma E-030. The present work consisted of the evaluation of the indicators of seismic behavior: over strength and ductility for reinforced concrete buildings moments frames with the static non - linear method using a structural software. For this, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18-story buildings have been evaluated. The results of this research showed that as the fundamental period of a structure increases, over strength also increases, but a clear trend can not be given. In the case of ductility there is a clear polynomial tendency for each axis of the building: as the fundamental period increases the ductility decreases. On the other hand, the actual capacity of the structure is superior to the design shear shown in Standars of E-030.

Diploma thesis deals with study of properties of cementious composites with fiber reinforcement from glass and basalt inorganic fibers. Diploma thesis includes a theoretical and experimental part. The theoretical part deals with information about glass and basalt fibers, their durability and usage. In the experimental part we monitored properfies of cement composites with basalt and glass fibers. Fibers were exposed to an aggressive environment. The properties of composites with reference fibers were compared with composites with fibers affacted by the aggressive environment. The properties of composites were examined after 28 and 90 days. We monitored compresive strenght, bending tensile strenght, tensile strenght, surface layer strenght and SEM.

When buying a new car today customers expect that the safety systems built in the car and its tireswill do its job in every condition. This is especially important when driving on winter roads due to thedecrease in friction between the tire and the road surface. To get further understanding how snowbehaves on winter roads, knowing how the shear strength in the hard-packed snow found on winterroads changes when doing for example multiple brake test in the same tracks can be of greatimportance when designing a new, safer product. This thesis will go through the design process of anew device designed to measure shear strength in winter test tracks. The device consists of anelectric motor powered by 12 or 24 Vdc connected to a worm gear style gearbox and can measureup to 200 Nm of torque

The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between selected fitness skills and the performance demonstrated in nomination races (NR) to the Czech Republic national team (NT) and for the Olympic Games. At the same time, we wanted to determine the optimal level of conditioning assumptions and define a model single-canoe sportsman. We were also searching to determine the differences between Senior NT and Junior NT. The research sample (n=17) of the Czech highest competitions series (Czech Cup) participated in testing to determine level of strength, endurance and partly speed assumptions. There were also measured anthropometric parameters (body dimensions and composition) in detail. Testing took place only 5 weeks before NR. The condition indicators were subsequently correlated with the NR performance. For indicators for which significant and at least moderate correlation were found, the possibility of performance prediction was also found. The highest correlations with performance were found in case of on-water sprints: 20m (rs=0,65), 40m (rs=0,86, resp. rs=0,62), 80m (rs=0,58) and 200m (rs=0,795). The on-water sprints are the only indicators, which could be possibly used for the NR performance prediction. In multiple regression of the 2 40m and 1 200m sprints was found high determination...

Thermal insulating refractories are an integral part of each thermal unit since they reduce its energy consumption. The current phenomenon of saving in both environmental and financial aspects reflects in searching for such possibilities to produce at lower manufacturing and material costs. One of the possible ways is to valorise waste materials. The theoretical part then deals with the division of refractory materials, classification of thermal insulation refractory materials and manufacturing technologies. The experiment is focused on the production of insulating refractory materials made from plastic dough with a possibility of using sawdust and materials made by pressing mixture moist, with a focus on coal bottom ash. Both of these technologies will be tested for the possibility of modification by using mixed clays and of increasing the strength by using clays with lower sintering temperature.

Ett stenkast från stadsdelen Liljeholmen i Stockholm ligger området Lövholmen. Ett idag till stor del övergivet industriområde där man möts av krossade rutor, förfallna byggnader och nedklottrade fasader. Stockholms stad har tillsammans med en rad olika byggherrar gjort en stadsplanering som är ett förslag om ändring i detaljplan, från ett industriområde till ett bostadsområde. Stadsplaneringen Strukturplan och ramverk för Lövholmen innehåller föreslagna riktlinjer om utformningen för en ny stadsdel. Syftet är att utforma ett gestaltningsförslag till en av fastigheterna enligt den nya detaljplanen som om den vunnit laga kraft, me även att undersöka hur planlösningar kan påverka människans hälsa och trivsel. Förslaget kommer förhålla sig till strukturplanens direktiv där målet är att göra Lövholmen till en tryggare och trevligare plats. Detta kommer göras med hjälp av analyser och undersökningar från allmänhetens önskemål och synpunkter. Resultatet, Arken, kommer visa ett bostadsförslag med en arkitektonisk anknytning till platsen som kommer göra Lövholmen till en mer harmonisk plats. Bostadsförslaget kommer medföra gemenskap för människor som bosätter sig i kvarteret samt genom genomarbetade planlösningar som grundar sig i undersökningar kring människans välmående. / A few steps away from the district of Liljeholmen in Stockholm lies the area of Lövholmen. A largely abandoned industrial zone where visitors are greeted by crushed window panes, dilapidated buildings and defaced facades. Stockholm City has along with a number of different developers made a proposal for a change in the detailed development plan, from an industrial area to a residential area. The urban planning Strukturplan och Ramverk för Lövholmen contains proposed guidelines for the design of a new neighborhood. Our purpose in this thesis is to design a residential proposal as if the detailed development plan has won legal force, also to examine how floor plans can affect human health and well-being. The proposal will relate to urban development guidelines by Stockholm stad, where the aim is to make Lövholmen a safer and nicer place. This will be done with the help of analyzes and surveys from the public's wishes and views. The result of our vision; Arken, will consist a housing proposal with an architectural connection to the place that will make Lövholmen a more harmonious site. The housing proposal will bring a sense of community to people who settle in the neighborhood as well as elaborated floor plans based on surveys on human well-being.

Na manutenção de tubulações e dutos de aços de alta resistência baixa liga (ARBL), os reparos são executados com eletrodo revestido e com o equipamento operação, com o intuito de reduzir custos com paradas. Nesta aplicação, os gradientes de temperatura são mais elevados quando comparados com sondagens realizadas ao ar, o que pode levar à redução das propriedades mecânicas nessas juntas soldadas e causar maiores impactos financeiros ou mesmo ambientais. No metal depositado resultante do eletrodo revestido AWS E7018-1, usualmente utilizado no reparo de dutos de aços ARBL, as propriedades mecânicas têm forte relação com a ferrita acicular, microestrutura que ocorre intergranularmente, nucleando preferencialmente em inclusões do metal depositado. O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar a influência de diferentes condições de soldagem e de resfriamento sobre o teor de oxigênio e sobre a microdureza do metal depositado resultante do uso de eletrodos revestidos AWS E7018-1, usando técnicas de planejamento experimental como as metodologias Taguchi e experimentos fatoriais. Usando o método Taguchi foi possível observar que os três fatores (fabricante do eletrodo, corrente de soldagem e condição de resfriamento) influenciam no teor de oxigênio e que o fornecedor do eletrodo é o fator com maior efeito sobre a resposta, seguido pela corrente de sondagem. Com relação à etapa de experimentos fatoriais mapas operacionais para o teor de oxigênio e microdureza dos cordões de solda foram construídos. Foi possível observar que a corrente de soldagem tem efeito mais impactante que a taxa de resfriamento sobre o teor de oxigênio e a microdureza. / Covered electrodes had been developed at the beginning of the 20th Century and, despite the evolution of several welding processes, the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) still find widespread application, even within the oil and gás industry, e.g. repairing of high strength low (HSLA) steel pipes. The pipe repairing is carried out during its operation (in order to reduce costs) and, therefore, the temperature gradients in the base metal are higher compared to removing the pipe system from service. This could lead to reducing mechanical properties in these welded joints that could cause higher financial or even environmental impacts. In the low carbon weld metal (e.g. AWS E7018-1 electrode is usually employed in HSLA pipe repair). The mechanical properties have a strong relationship with the acicular ferrite fraction, which occurs intergranularly and nucleating preferentially in inclusions within weld metal. The objective of this work is to analyze the influence of different welding and cooling conditions on the oxygen content ando n the mechanical properties of the weld metal from the AWS E7018-1 covered electrodes, using design of experiments techniques as Taguchi\'s method and response surface methodology (RSM). Using the Taguchi\'s method, it was possible to observe that three factors (namely electrode supplier, welding current and cooling condition) have influence on the oxygen content and the electrode supplier is the factor with the greatest effect on the response, followed by the welding current. Regarding to the factorial experiment, operational maps for the oxygen content and microhardness of the weld beads were constructed. It was possible to observe that the welding current hás a more impactful effect than the cooling rate on the oxygen content and microhardness.