When I first came across Stuart Hall’s engagement with Gramsci in his analysis of Margaret Thatcher’s struggle for power, I was excited by how much his theoretical framework provided new perspectives to reflect on my own experiences of social and political struggles. Here was somebody who analysed social change in its contradictory fluidity as something in the making. Not from ‘out there’, but as someone acting on it. It haunted me how valuable his approach was for understanding the unexpected outcomes and victories of social movements – not only for a better understanding of history and society, but also with a view to actively partaking in these movements and shape them. In this paper, I will demonstrate the strength of Hall’s approach for highlighting the chances of social movements to achieve their alternative goals although they fight from a position of weakness against powerful adversaries. I have been (and still am) an active part of the two movements I want to explore. First, I will discuss the success of the squatters and their allies in defending ‘their’ houses in Hamburg’s St. Pauli Hafenstraße, where I still live, in the 1980s and 90s, and, second, the current2 struggle of the refugee group ‘Lampedusa in Hamburg’ for the right to stay in Germany despite the ‘Dublin’ regulations which force refugees to stay in those countries where they first arrived. Both of these struggles had to engage with and counter stereotypical representations. Both of them, as I will show, started by addressing “immediate troubles” and led to a deeper understanding that another world is not only needed, but also possible – “an entirely new form of civilization” (Hall 1987: 21). Therefore, I think it is worthwhile to engage with them.

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English composer and musician John Wilson (1595-1674) collaborated with poet Thomas Stanley in publishing Psalterium Carolinum (London, 1657). The musical settings in the collection commemorate the legacy of King Charles I who was executed for treason in January 1649. The Psalterium was part of a Royalist propaganda effort aimed at positively refashioning the dead king’s reputation. The present essay is a critical musical edition and commentary on this work. The edition is based upon microfilm copies of the 1657 edition of the Psalterium housed in the British Library in London. The edition includes an editorial policy explaining the decisions made in creating the edition, and a critical report that records particular corrections to the original in terms of pitch, rhythm and text treatment. The accompanying commentary provides a biographical sketch of John Wilson, explains his importance as performer and composer, and compares the style and scoring of the Psalterium to other contemporary genres. Most significantly, the commentary identifies the Psalterium as a collection of psalm-like pieces and connects it directly to the ongoing propaganda campaign that sought to restore Charles I’s legacy and prompt a national initiative for the restoration of the English crown.

The ideas of liberty presented in the important works of John Locke and John Stuart Mill, The Second Treatise of Government (1689) and On Liberty (1859), are often viewed as belonging to the same conceptual tradition, that of English liberalism. This thesis is an articulation of the diversity between the theories of liberty expressed by Locke and Mill in the Second Treatise and On liberty. \ am aiming to provide a corrective to the tendency to ignore or to gloss over very significant differences between the two men. The work concentrates on the philosophical aspects of each theory of liberty, arguing that they differ in four respects. These are; definitions of liberty; justifications of liberty; how much liberty and for whom they recommend it, and finally, who they believe threatens liberty and how this threat is to be curbed. It is the purpose of this thesis to show that in terms of these areas Locke and Mill are pursuing different ends. I conclude that Locke and Mill present strikingly different theories of liberty and cannot be thought of as belonging to the one conceptual tradition in terms of the definition, the justification, the prescription and the threat to liberty. Ultimately, I question the value of including Locke and Mill in the one conceptual tradition of liberty solely on the basis that they argue ‘freedom from.’

John Stuart Mill’s Representative Government argues that the ideal form of government is representative. In this paper, I interpret Mill’s argument as a utilitarian argument for a political system with the salient feature of authoritative public participation. Mill argues for this feature in the first three chapters of Representative Government. This argument is interpreted in the context of Mill’s utilitarian views as elaborated in Utilitarianism, with emphasis on Mill’s understanding of pleasure formation and high quality utility.

Habil.-Schr.--Bamberg--Univ., 1996. / Bibliogr. p. 215-245.

Thesis (M.A.)--Youngstown State University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 177-183). Also available via the World Wide Web in PDF format.

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No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1975.

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