Abstrakt Bakgrund: Att bli förälder är en omvälvande händelse. Stöd i föräldraskapet såväl individuellt som i grupp ska erbjudas till alla blivande föräldrar. Målet med föräldragrupper är bland annat att ge föräldrarna stöd och kunskap samt tillfälle till att skapa nya kontakter och chans att ställa frågor om graviditet, förlossning och föräldraskap. Stöd i föräldraskapet ska öka föräldrarnas självförtroende och lyfta fram deras egen förmåga. I Kalmar län finns ett samarbete mellan mödrahälsovården (MHV) och barnmorskeprogrammet på Linnéuniversitetet som innebär att blivande föräldrar i länet erbjuds att delta i föräldragrupper ledda av barnmorskestudenter under handledning av barnmorska/lärare. Det behövs ett fortsatt arbete för ökad kvalitet, likvärdighet och jämlikhet i hälso- och sjukvårdens föräldrastöd och det efterfrågas uppföljning och utveckling av insatserna. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att utvärdera nyblivna föräldrars erfarenhet av att delta i studentledd föräldragrupp under graviditeten. Metod: Metoden var en retrospektiv tvärsnittsstudie med kvantitativ ansats. Datainsamlingen har gjorts med hjälp av enkäter. Enkäten var utformad med både öppna och slutna frågor. Totalt besvarades 45 enkäter av deltagare i de studentledda föräldragrupperna som hölls på Linnéuniversitetet under våren 2016. Enkäterna analyserades med statistikprogrammet GNU PSPP version 0.10.2-g654fff. Resultat: Studien visar att deltagarna i föräldragrupperna var en homogen grupp. De flesta av respondenterna var nöjda med gruppstorlek, utformning och antal träffar. Överlag uppges att ämnen som rör förlossningen togs upp tillräckligt medan det efterfrågades mer information om tiden därefter. De allra flesta respondenter tyckte det var positivt att föräldragrupperna letts av barnmorskestudenter och alla respondenter uppgav att de skulle rekommendera andra att delta i liknande träffar. Resultatet visar också att det stora flertalet tyckte att det var för lite tid att lära känna de andra deltagarna, få uppgav att de har kontakt med andra deltagare efteråt. Konklusion: Nyblivna föräldrar upplevde det positivt att delta i studentledda föräldragrupper under graviditeten och alla skulle rekommendera andra att delta i liknande grupper. Det var en homogen grupp med hög socioekonomisk status som deltog. Få deltagare hade kontakt med andra från gruppen trots att de uppgav detta som viktigt vilket indikerar att för lite tid gavs för deltagarna att lära känna varandra. / Abstract Background:To become a parent is an overwealming experience. Support in parenthood both individually and in group shall be offered to all parents to be. The aim of having parenthood education classes is to give parents support and knowledge and to give an opportunity to create new contacts and a chance to ask questions about pregnancy, childbirth and parenthood. Parenthood support shall increase the parents selfesteam and bring out their own ability. In the region of Kalmar there is a cooperation between the antenatal care-unit and the midwifery course at the Linnaeus university that means that parents to be is offered to participate in parenthood education classes led by midwifery-students under supervision of a midwife/teacher. There is a need for improvement in quality, equivalence and equality within the parenthood support in the antenatal care system in Sweden and development and follow-ups of the actions are requested. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate new parents perceptions of participating in studentled parenthood education classes during pregnancy. Method: The method was a retrospective cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. Data were collected through a questionaire survey. The questionaire contained both open and closed questions. A total of 45 questionaires were answered by participants of the student-led parenthood classes that were held at the Linaeus university during the spring of 2016. The questionaires were analyzed in the statistics program GNU PSPP version 0.10.2-g654fff. Result: The result shows that the participants in the parenthood classes had a great demographic simularity. Most of them where pleased with the size of the group, the formulation and the number of groupmeetings. Alltogether subjects that concerned childbirth were considered mentioned enough but more information about the time following was requested. A majority of the respondents thought it was positive that the classes where held by midwifery-students and all of them would recommend others to participate in simular classes. The result also showed that most of the participants felt that too little time was given to get to know each other, a few of them said that they stayed in contact with other participants afterwards. Conclusion: New parents perception of participating in studentled parenthood education classes during pregnancy were positive and they all recommended others to do the same. It was a homogeneous group with high socioeconomic standard that participated. Only a few of the participants stayed in contact with each other even though many mentioned it as important. This indicates that too little time was given to the groupmembers to get to know each other.

This diploma thesis deals with the issues of a family of a newborn with a developmental risk. The theoretic part deals with the most common problems endangering the healthy development of a newborn, also with family and the process of coping with the crisis. Further on, it deals with possibilities of family support during their stay in hospital and also after the baby has been discharged into home care, using the support of non-health care groups. The objective of the diploma thesis was to detect possibilities of psycho-social support for the family of a newborn with a developmental risk. The thesis answers questions of, how parents feel in this situation after the birth of their child, during its stay in hospital and subsequently after the discharge into home care, what kind of support services they use to help them manage this period. Further on it deals with questions of whether the information of support options is sufficient and whether this support system works from the parent?s perspective.This diploma thesis was processed on a basis of qualitative survey results. The questioning method of half-format with parents was used and the method of document summary analysis. The investigated samples were parents of ten children treated in The Developmental Care Unit of Neonatology ward in the hospital of České Budějovice a.s. During the hospitalization of the child, it is important, that the medical team communicates openly, gives well timed and clear information and allows direct involvement in the child care. The outcome of this investigation points out the important role of the partner, family and friends as the main source of support. Also sharing feelings and needs with other parents is rand as a considerable source of support. However, the mothers especially, miss this sharing opportunity after their baby has been discharged into home care. Another interesting outcome is the absence of a psychologist, who specializes in newborn matters as an important source of support for parents. The survey shows, how important the psychosocial support is for parents, not just during hospitalization, but also after the discharge of their baby. Whereas they feel that the healthcare service is adequate, they especially miss the psychosocial support after the discharge from hospital. This is especially true of families of babies with developmental risk, without any serious health problem. Listed subjects could be used by professionals dealing with care of newborn with developmental risk, who provide complex care for families of the children with perinatal condition. Therefore, specialized psychological help should be an evident part of the care provided. The hypothesis were determined on the basis of qualitative survey results, which could be verified by further investigation:Hypothesis 1: For mothers of a newborn with developmental risk it is important to get help in the framework of supporting parental groups.Hypothesis 2: After the discharge of their child into home care, parents would appreciate psychosocial support in the framework of outpatient service.

Précédée par le tumulte de multiples scandales médiatiques ayant dévoilé des faits de maltraitances, ignorés ou provoqués par le dispositif de la protection de l'enfance, la loi du 5 mars 2007 se voulait remédier à des dysfonctionnements intrinsèques au service de protection en restructurant sémantiquement et formellement le fonctionnement, la mission et le champ définitionnel recouvrant l'ensemble du dispositif. S'enracinant autour d'une mission de « prévention » des risques de maltraitance et de « soutien à la parentalité », de nouveaux vocables (« risque de danger », « danger »), instruments (« Informations Préoccupantes », « Projet Pour l'Enfant ») et de nouvelles instances (« Cellule de Recueil des Informations Préoccupantes », « Observatoire ») ont accompagné le caractère réformateur de la loi. Au-delà du simple changement et renouvellement sémantique, cette constellation de mots et de syntagmes n'était pas sans produire de profondes altérations dans l'agencement des rôles, des fonctions et des identités de chaque acteur pris dans le réseau énonciatif du dispositif. À partir d'un ensemble d'énoncés prescriptifs, la loi façonnait et engageait les professionnels à faire-avec un nouveau paradigme général sur la représentation du lien parent-enfant. Il ne s'agissait plus pour les professionnels, à l'intérieur de cette vision, de sanctionner un parent potentiellement « carencé », ou de couper un lien jugé « toxique » pour protéger un enfant, mais de permettre au sujet parental de se découvrir (« s'éliciter ») et d'investir son rôle de parent. Soutenu par une médiation institutionnelle, le parent se voyait en cela potentiellement désigné, depuis l'article 375 du Code civil, comme un actant responsable du bon « développement physique, affectif, intellectuel et social » de l'enfant. Réagençant les linéaments sur lesquels reposait la prise en charge d'un usager, la loi réorganisait en profondeur la structure du comportement des différents acteurs. S'interrogeant sur ces diverses modifications normatives, ce travail de recherche se propose de saisir les « effets » opérés par la loi du 5 mars 2007 sur les pratiques, la pensée et les relations entre professionnels, usagers et institutions. À travers les analyses des dossiers de la protection de l'enfance, des évolutions législatives, institutionnelles, discursives et d'entretiens réalisés avec des travailleurs sociaux, nous chercherons à comprendre comment se sont redessinés les rapports de pouvoir entre des familles et des professionnels porteurs d'une intervention « parentaliste ». Se rapportant aux répercussions du discours d'un dispositif de régulation sociale sur des sujets, cette étude empruntera une lecture et une analyse similaire, dans ses principes et ses méthodes, à celles que M. Foucault a effectuées sur la prison ou la sexualité. À l'issue de l'analyse critique, et ce pour dépasser les difficultés rencontrées autour de nouvelles pistes de réflexion, la recherche donnera lieu à la formalisation de préconisations. / Preceded by the tumult of multiple media scandals having unveiled the facts of abuse, ignored or provoked by the child protection system, the law of March 5, 2007 was intented to remedy to intrinsic failures in the protection service by semantically and formally restructuring the operation, the mission and the definitional field covering the entire device. Rooting around the abuses risk « prevention » mission and « parentality support », a few new vocables (« Danger Risk », « Danger »), instruments (« Worrying Information », « Project For the Child ») and new instances (« Cell Collecting Information of Concern », « Observatory ») have accompanied the law's reformist character. Beyond the simple change and semantic renewal, this constellation of words and sentences was not without producing profound alternations in the arrangement of roles, functions and identities of each actor caught in the enunciative network of the device. From a set of normative statements, the law shaped and committed professionals to do-with a new general paradigm on the representation of the parent-child link. It was no longer for the professionals, inside of this vision, to punish a parent potentially « deficiencied », or to cut off a link judged « toxic » to protect a child, but to allow the parental subject to discover itself (« to elicit ») and invest its role of parent. Supported by an institutional mediation, the parent was potentially designated, since Article 375 of the Civil Code, as an protagonist for the good « physical, emotional, intellectual and social development » of the child. Reordering the elementary lines on which was based the care of a user, the law reorganized in depth the behavior's structure of the various actors. Wondering about these various normative changes, this research work offers itself to seize the operated « effects » by the law of March 5, 2007 on practices, the thought and the relationships between professionals, users and institutions. Through analyzes of child protection files, legislative, institutional, discursive evolutions and interviews with social workers, we will seek to understand how did the power reports between the relatives and the professionals carriers of « parentalist » intervention. Referring to the repercussions of the speech of a social regulation device on topics, this study will borrow a similar reading and analysis, in its principles and methods, to what Mr. Foucault has done on prison or sexuality. At the end of the critical analysis, and to overcome the difficulties encountered around new lines of thought, the research will lead to the formalization of recommendations.