<p>Environmental protection, shrinking of fossil fuels and problems like energy security has</p><p>resulted in emergence of a rapid growing alternate automotive fuel industry. This research is</p><p>pursued to identify and describe factors that affect sustainable growth of alternative</p><p>automotive fuel industry and advice firms in their strategy development for sustainable</p><p>growth.</p><p>The theoretical framework includes theories including different internal and external possible</p><p>factors that may affect an emerging industry.</p><p>The research methodology of this study constitutes of qualitative research approach,</p><p>comprising of both primary and secondary data. Primary data for this study is collected by</p><p>conducting a total of 9 interviews with officials from three Swedish alternate diesel engine oil</p><p>manufacturing companies. An overall industry analysis is conducted through PEST analysis,</p><p>data for this PEST analysis is gathered through official government websites, press releases,</p><p>newspapers, educational and environmental institute websites and scientific journals.</p><p>Interviews conducted with company officials also served the purpose.</p><p>The analysis of this study shows that government policies and subsidies have played an</p><p>important part to make these companies enter this market. Two of the companies included in</p><p>the case study were already active in closely related fields for a number of years and only</p><p>entered this market when favorable government regulations were available. The future of</p><p>these companies is very much associated with government regulations and companies those</p><p>fall beyond these regulations face difficulties to get subsidies and therefore in their growth.</p><p>Awareness of people about cleaner fuels is brought through media, education and government</p><p>policies that include taxes and tax rebates on different kind of fuels.</p><p>The companies bet on new technologies to resolve concerns generated by their fuels i.e. food</p><p>versus fuel debate. The authors analyzed technology to be an important factor if companies</p><p>want to remain in alternate fuel business for a long period of time.</p><p>The authors suggest companies to build their tangible and intangible resources i.e. raw</p><p>material, technologies, human resource flexibly to adopt diversified businesses in case if some</p><p>radical changes in fuel industry seizes their growth. It has also been seen that standardization</p><p>of products can prove helpful for companies to produce a working market.</p>

Environmental protection, shrinking of fossil fuels and problems like energy security has resulted in emergence of a rapid growing alternate automotive fuel industry. This research is pursued to identify and describe factors that affect sustainable growth of alternative automotive fuel industry and advice firms in their strategy development for sustainable growth. The theoretical framework includes theories including different internal and external possible factors that may affect an emerging industry. The research methodology of this study constitutes of qualitative research approach, comprising of both primary and secondary data. Primary data for this study is collected by conducting a total of 9 interviews with officials from three Swedish alternate diesel engine oil manufacturing companies. An overall industry analysis is conducted through PEST analysis, data for this PEST analysis is gathered through official government websites, press releases, newspapers, educational and environmental institute websites and scientific journals. Interviews conducted with company officials also served the purpose. The analysis of this study shows that government policies and subsidies have played an important part to make these companies enter this market. Two of the companies included in the case study were already active in closely related fields for a number of years and only entered this market when favorable government regulations were available. The future of these companies is very much associated with government regulations and companies those fall beyond these regulations face difficulties to get subsidies and therefore in their growth. Awareness of people about cleaner fuels is brought through media, education and government policies that include taxes and tax rebates on different kind of fuels. The companies bet on new technologies to resolve concerns generated by their fuels i.e. food versus fuel debate. The authors analyzed technology to be an important factor if companies want to remain in alternate fuel business for a long period of time. The authors suggest companies to build their tangible and intangible resources i.e. raw material, technologies, human resource flexibly to adopt diversified businesses in case if some radical changes in fuel industry seizes their growth. It has also been seen that standardization of products can prove helpful for companies to produce a working market.

Industries have faced challenges trying to lower carbon emissions and reach climate goals solely with energy efficiency and renewable energy sources but there are still some emissions that will not be mitigated by this. The purpose of this work has been to evaluate bio-energy with carbon capture and storage with co-combustion in a current study as a way to breach the gap and achieve net zero emissions on AstraZenecas production site Snäckviken. A carbon audit based on GHG Protocol has been performed to evaluate the total emissions at the site. Energy calculations were performed based on the possibilities of co-combustion with waste solvent and biofuel to produce process steam. With the flue gas characteristics for the combustion, calculations for a post combustion carbon capture plant using MEA solvent was made. An economic evaluation has been performed based on a reference plant and carbon captured for the current study. The results showed that the carbon capture lowered the emissions for the production site from 1 020 tons CO2 per year to - 2 400 tons CO2 at a cost of 1 360 SEK/tons CO2. The CO2 avoidance cost was high compared to other studies due to lower capacity. However, great savings could be m ade from handling the waste solvent on site instead of paying for the destruction of the waste. Therefore, a carbon capture plant could still be feasible for the current study.

Companies that strive for implementing a more holistic sustainability perspective, i.e. a socio-ecological sustainability perspective with a system view, need to recognize the integration ofsustainability methods into the product innovation process as a project in itself. To achieve thisan efficient method must be available to guide companies towards sustainable productdevelopment i.e. implementation of a strategic sustainability perspective in the early phases ofthe product innovation process, including a lifecycle thinking. To meet this challenge this thesisseeks to answer how a sustainability perspective can be integrated into product development to;facilliate a design team to identify critical areas in a products life cycle during the productinnovation process and with the help of sustainability methods guide the companies to a moresustainable future.The results is based on a literature study, interview- and workshops all conducted at a case-company were several barriers on why sustainability methods havn’t successfully been appliedwithin the companies were identified. The thesis identified the importance of having a morestructured and strategic product innovation process to enable a more holistic sustainabilitymindset within the company. The work contributed to a new product innovation process at thecase-company that allowed adapted sustainability methods to conveniently be integrated intothe working process. The process identified a handful of suitable sustainability methods thatfocus on the three sustainability dimensions (social, economic, ecological) to broaden thecompany’s understanding of sustainability. Selected methods were adapted, applied andvalidated at the case-company to ensure that they fulfilled their intended goals and can used toprovide a more holistic mindset and to identify hotspots in the product innovation process. / Företag som strävar efter att implementera ett bredare hållbarhetstänk, dvs ett socio-ekologiskthållbarhetsperspektiv med systemsyn, inom hela sin organisation behöver se integrationen avhållbarhetsmetoder och arbetsprocesser som ett projekt i sig. För att möjliggöra detta måste etteffektivt ramverk finnas för att hjälpa företagen i arbetet mot en hållbar produktutveckling. Föratt möta den här utmaningen söker den här uppsatsen svaret hur ett hållbarhetsperspektiv kanintegreras i produktutvecklingen inom industrin för att; underlätta för ett design team attidentifiera kritiska punkter på en produkts livcykel under produktinnovationsprocessen samthur hållbarhetsmetoder kan implementeras i processen för att navigera mot en mer hållbarindustri.Resultatet är baserat en litteraturstudie, intervjuer samt workshops på ett samarbetsföretag därett flertal barriärer vilket hindrar företag att mer effektivt navigera mot ett hållbar industriidentifierades. Studien identifierade vikten av att en strukturerad och strategiskproduktinnovationsprocess finns tillgänglig på företaget för att lättare välja och applicera ettstörre hållbarhetstänk inom företaget. Arbetet hjälpte samarbetsföretaget att ta fram en nyproduktinnovationsprocess för att på sådant sätt möjliggöra att hållbarhetsmetoder enklarekunde integreras på företaget. Processen identifierade ett flertal potentiella hållbarhetsmetodervilket fokuserade på att få med de tre olika hållbarhetsdimensionerna (social, ekonomisk,ekologisk) för att bredda samarbetsföretagets förståelse kring hållbarhet, hållbarproduktutveckling och hållbar utveckling. Intressanta hållbarhetsmetoder valdes ut för attanpassas och verifieras på företaget för att säkerställa att syftet av dem säkerställdes.