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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

Aplikace senzorů a digitalizace podle IEC 61850 v sítích a rozvodnách vysokého napětí / Application of Sensors and Digitalization Based on IEC 61850 in Medium Voltage Networks and Switchgears

Štefanka, Martin January 2016 (has links)
Vzduchem izolované vysokonapěťové rozváděče jsou nedílnou součástí energetického distribučního řetězce a to jak v průmyslovém, tak ve veřejném sektoru. Hlavní funkcí rozváděče je ochrana pracovního personálu, rozpojování/odpojování a spínání, izolování, měření proudů a napětí, chránění a ovládání zatížení a komunikace dat do řídících systémů. V každé z výše zmíněných funkcí probíhal technologický vývoj v průběhu posledních 40 let. Dnešní rozváděče jsou spolehlivé a elektrickému oblouku odolné zařízení, zoptimalizované téměř k fyzikálním limitům dielektrických, elektromagnetických a termodynamických polí. Vakuové vypínače zajišťují stálou a spolehlivou vypínací funkci. Taktéž v oblasti chránění, řízení a komunikace došlo k mnoha technologickým proměnám. Od elektromechanických relé přes zařízení založená na tranzistorech, později na jednoúčelových mikroprocesorech, až po dnešní multifunkční vysoce výkonná mikroprocesorová inteligentní elektronická zařízení. Pouze oblast měření proudů a napětí setrvala z technologického hlediska posledních 40 let beze změny. K dominujícím měřícím technologiím dneška stále ještě patří indukčně založené transformátory proudu a napětí. Byly sice provedeny některé pokusy k obměně technologie měření jako takové, nicméně bez dosažení úspěchu. Tato dizertační práce je zaměřena na poskytnutí nového náhledu na alternativní technologii měření v elektrických sítích a ve vzduchem izolovaných vysokonapěťových rozváděčích, kterou lze využít jak pro měření proudu, tak i napětí. Tato práce vysvětluje, proč Rogowského cívky, odporové a kapacitní děliče jsou tou správnou volbou a měly by být použity ve vysokonapěťových rozváděčích a podrobně analyzuje přesnost měření a jejich příslušné meze. Dále tato práce popisuje, že pro nasazování nových měřících technologií musí být postupováno systematicky. Senzory připojené k inteligentním elektronickým přístrojům a schopností komunikace založené na IEC 61850 spolu s vysokorychlostní komunikační sběrnicí Ethernetu vytvoří systém, který zjednoduší a sjednotí konstrukci rozváděčů a umožní oddělit aspekty projektování měření od studie zkratových selektivit. V práci je také uveden příklad, jak tento nový systém může přinést změny a zjednodušení do oblastí projektování a řízení. V této práci jsou popsány výsledky několikaletého úsilí při stanovení nových měřících a digitalizovaných přístupů ve vysokonapěťových rozváděčích pod autorovým vedením. Toto úsilí také vedlo k uvedení nového produktu – UniGear Digital - konceptu od ABB. Závěrečná část práce demonstruje praktické nasazení všech výsledků v této práci při skutečných aplikacích.
82

Magnetfält i elkraftanläggningar : Ett projekteringsverktyg i Excel för bedömning av magnetfält från elkraftsutrustning på lågspänningssidan / Magnetic field in electric power equipment : A planning tool in Excel for estimation of magnetic fields from power components on low voltage systems

Papp Aminnejad, Benjamin, Wieweg, Daniel January 2015 (has links)
Exponering av det lågfrekventa ELF (Extremely low frequency) magnetfältet som genereras vid dagens elnät är något som är relativt nytt för människokroppen och den ökar ständigt i och med den tekniska utvecklingen. Eftersom det inte finns ett klart svar på hur fältet påverkar kroppen så tillämpas försiktighet för att hålla exponeringsnivåerna nere och försäkra sig om att ingen skada sker. Med hjälp av tidigare forskning inom området och uppmätta värden från olika anläggningar samt överslagsberäkningar har ett verktyg i Excel tagits fram för att kunna uppskatta magnituden av magnetfältet. Verktyget innehåller information om styrkan på magnetfältet från transformatorer, ställverk, elcentraler, kraftledningar och kanalskenor. Användaren skriver in ett antal parametrar för att få utdata om hur starkt magnetfältet är på olika avstånd ifrån källan. Detta presenteras i form av en tabell och en graf för respektive utrustning. Eftersom magnetfält alstras beroende på strömmens riktning, påverkar själva geometrin i olika elanläggningar magnetfältets styrka. För att beräkna exakta värden krävs då avancerade simuleringsprogram. Med detta verktyg kan projektörer redan vid ett tidigt skede uppskatta magnetfältet. / The exposure of ELF (Extremely low frequency) magnetic field generated by today’s electrical power system, is something that is relatively new to the human body and it is constantly increasing as more technology is developed. As there is no clear answer on how the field actually affects the body, a measure of caution is applied to ensure that the exposure levels are kept down to make sure no harm is done. With the help of previous research in the field, measured values from different locations and approximate calculations, a tool was developed in Excel to estimate the magnitude of the magnetic fields. The tool provides information about the magnitude of magnetic fields from transformers, switchgears, switchboards, powerlines and busbars. The user enters a number of parameters and the tool provides output data with the magnitude of the magnetic field at different distances from the source. This is presented in the form of a table and a graph for each equipment. Since the magnetic field is generated depending on the currents direction, the actual geometry of the electrical system needs to be taken in consideration when calculating the exact magnetic field. This requires an advanced simulation software to be accurate. With this tool, designers have the opportunity to estimate the magnetic fields at an early stage of development.
83

Magnetfält i elkraftanläggningar : Ett projekteringsverktyg i Excel för bedömning av magnetfält från elkraftsutrustning på lågspänningssidan / Magnetic field in electric power equipment : A planning tool in Excel for estimation of magnetic fields from power components on low voltage systems

Papp Aminnejad, Benjamin, Wieweg, Daniel January 2015 (has links)
Exponering av det lågfrekventa ELF (Extremely low frequency) magnetfältet som genereras vid dagens elnät är något som är relativt nytt för människokroppen och den ökar ständigt i och med den tekniska utvecklingen. Eftersom det inte finns ett klart svar på hur fältet påverkar kroppen så tillämpas försiktighet för att hålla exponeringsnivåerna nere och försäkra sig om att ingen skada sker. Med hjälp av tidigare forskning inom området och uppmätta värden från olika anläggningar samt överslagsberäkningar har ett verktyg i Excel tagits fram för att kunna uppskatta magnituden av magnetfältet. Verktyget innehåller information om styrkan på magnetfältet från transformatorer, ställverk, elcentraler, kraftledningar och kanalskenor. Användaren skriver in ett antal parametrar för att få utdata om hur starkt magnetfältet är på olika avstånd ifrån källan. Detta presenteras i form av en tabell och en graf för respektive utrustning. Eftersom magnetfält alstras beroende på strömmens riktning, påverkar själva geometrin i olika elanläggningar magnetfältets styrka. För att beräkna exakta värden krävs då avancerade simuleringsprogram. Med detta verktyg kan projektörer redan vid ett tidigt skede uppskatta magnetfältet. / The exposure of ELF (Extremely low frequency) magnetic field generated by today’s electrical power system, is something that is relatively new to the human body and it is constantly increasing as more technology is developed. As there is no clear answer on how the field actually affects the body, a measure of caution is applied to ensure that the exposure levels are kept down to make sure no harm is done. With the help of previous research in the field, measured values from different locations and approximate calculations, a tool was developed in Excel to estimate the magnitude of the magnetic fields. The tool provides information about the magnitude of magnetic fields from transformers, switchgears, switchboards, powerlines and busbars. The user enters a number of parameters and the tool provides output data with the magnitude of the magnetic field at different distances from the source. This is presented in the form of a table and a graph for each equipment. Since the magnetic field is generated depending on the currents direction, the actual geometry of the electrical system needs to be taken in consideration when calculating the exact magnetic field. This requires an advanced simulation software to be accurate. With this tool, designers have the opportunity to estimate the magnetic fields at an early stage of development.
84

Simulace přestupu tepla v nízkonapěťovém rozváděči MNS / Simulation of Heat Transfer in Low-Voltage Switchboard MNS - Optimization of Heat Transfer into The Switchboard

Czudek, Aleš January 2015 (has links)
The thesis includes diagnostics temperature field of industrial low voltage. Place of origin, flow and heat transfer are important aspects in the design of the switchgear, especially in terms of proper equipment layout. The correctness of the design of the switchgear is verified by measuring the practical temperature field during testing or in work mode. To determine the temperature profile, it is necessary to measure the temperature at various points of the switchgear, either contact or contactless method. Measurements are performed on standardized low voltage switchboards, which are located power elements. The goal is to replace costly and time-consuming field testing switchgear efficient simulation of the temperature field mathematical model developed switchboards.
85

Výpočet tepelného pole rozvaděče UniGear 500R / Calculation of heat and force field UniGear ZS1

Mokrý, Lukáš January 2015 (has links)
The aim of my work is to describe high-voltage switchgear type UniGear 500R, which is part of UniGear switchgears family. I will focus on heating issue of one 500R unit and its parts during operation. Maximum values of this heating is limited by standards and can´t be exceed to ensure safe and reliable operation. That is why the heating tests are necessary part of designing and developing switchgears. Calculation will be made by two different ways. First is classic one-pole heating net method and second is numerical simulation in Solidworks flow simulation program. Except the theoretical description there will be presented also used 3D model and explanation of both method, used to calculation and simulation. Last point of this work is measuring of this type of switchgear and getting real data. The main point there is to compare measured values with values calculated and decide if is possible to simulate tests with appropriate accuracy. Then would be also possible to substitute the real test in laboratory, which costs many thousand crowns and takes lots hours of time. This work is collaborated with EJF division of ABB Company, where I am employed. Heating issues in this company is always on process, because of developing and improving of their products. So this work could be helpful in this field. ABB provides all materials needed, especially technical catalogues, 3D model and final values from laboratory measuring. Support from college faculty is mainly in study consultations and proposing of calculations making. In the end of work will be make final comparison and evaluation of achieved results.
86

Analýza účinků zkratového proudu v rozváděči / Analysis of effects of short-circuit current in switchgear cabinet

Prokop, Jan January 2015 (has links)
The work is focusing on dynamic effects of short-circuit currents, more precisely dynamic effects of short-circuit currents on switchgear cabinet (terminal box). The work was designated to a concrete construction type of two switchgear cabinets located on rotating machines via company Siemens Electric Machines Drásov s.r.o.. The switchgear cabinets are designed for non-explosive environment where the air is used as an insulating medium. The task was to determine how the device will behave during the three-phase short-circuit and three-phase short-circuit with earth/ground connection. The following programs were used for the calculations and simulations: Ansoft Maxwell 16.0, Ansoft Maxwell 2015 and ANSYS Workbench 16.0. By using these programs the effects of forces which acts on current paths in cabinet caused by the passage of short-circuit current were simulated, statically and also dynamically. Further the effects of pressure acting on cabinet frame during the arc short-circuit have been statically and dynamically simulated. All the results are summarized in the conclusion. Conclusion also contains the final evaluation of the functionality of both switchgear cabinets.
87

Analýza mechanického namáhání při zkratu ve vzduchem izolovaném rozváděči vn / Analysis of Mechanical Stress during Short Circuit in an Air-Insulated MV Switchgear

Bártů, Jan January 2017 (has links)
This Master thesis is based on problems of force effects of the magnetic field of short-circuit current. Firstly, I analysed the force action of the three phase busbars during the three-pole short circuit. The analysis was performed in the Ansys Maxwell program and I verified the correctness of the analysis by numerical calculation. The second practical part was executed for ABB company. The main task was to analyse the force effects of the short-circuit current in the HV switchgear with focusing on the arms and contact system of the circuit breaker. The simulations of the following configurations were performed in more details: three configurations of the simplified VD4 circuit breaker, two types of VD4 circuit-breaker contact systems and a linear circuit breaker configuration model. The objective was to calculate the forces acting on the current path of the arms and contact system of the VD4 circuit breaker during the three-phase short-circuit and to simulate the effects of forces on these current parts. For modelling of individual assemblies, calculations and simulations I used: SolidWorks 2014, Ansys Maxwell 16.0 and Ansys Workbench 14.5 programs. With SolidWorks 2014 3D CAD software were modelled simplified assemblies of circuit breakers and contact systems. These systems were imported into the Ansys Maxwell software, where the force effects of the magnetic field of the short-circuit current were calculated. In Ansys Workbench programme was simulated the effect of forces on the current circuit breakers. Moreover, the final deformations of the materials (with respect to the mechanical properties of the structure) were plotted. The analysis of force effects of the magnetic field was performed for the specified static short - circuit current value.
88

PV Based Converter with Integrated Battery Charger for DC Micro-Grid Applications

Salve, Rima January 2014 (has links)
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This thesis presents a converter topology for photovoltaic panels. This topology minimizes the number of switching devices used, thereby reducing power losses that arise from high frequency switching operations. The control strategy is implemented using a simple micro-controller that implements the proportional plus integral control. All the control loops are closed feedback loops hence minimizing error instantaneously and adjusting efficiently to system variations. The energy management between three components, namely, the photovoltaic panel, a battery and a DC link for a microgrid, is shown distributed over three modes. These modes are dependent on the irradiance from the sunlight. All three modes are simulated. The maximum power point tracking of the system plays a crucial role in this configuration, as it is one of the main challenges tackled by the control system. Various methods of MPPT are discussed, and the Perturb and Observe method is employed and is described in detail. Experimental results are shown for the maximum power point tracking of this system with a scaled down version of the panel's actual capability.

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