Den svenska telekommarknaden präglas av en oligopolsituation, där de fyra största företagen utgör 97,5 procent av marknaden, och den främsta konkurrensen sker om befintliga kunder. TeliaSonera är marknadens största företag och de saluför de två operatörerna Telia och Halebop, medan Tele2 är det näst största företaget och de saluför operatörerna Tele2 och Comviq. Inom den svenska telekombranschen har operatörerna förhållandevis liknande tjänsteerbjudanden och det är därför viktigt att skapa sig ett starkt varumärke som differentierar sig ur mängden samt bidrar till att skapa synergieffekter för företag som har två varumärken. Ett varumärke kan användas för att skapa värde för både konsumenten och företaget samt etablera en relation mellan dessa parter. Det värde som företaget skapar med varumärket benämns som brand equity, vilket kan ses ur ett kundvärdebaserat respektive finansiellt perspektiv. Det finns dock oklarheter i hur detta värdeskapande faktiskt sker. Uppsatsens syftar därför till att analysera hur TeliaSonera och Tele2 hanterar brand equity samt vilka synergieffekter som kan uppnås av att använda sig utav två varumärken. Vidare har empirin frambringats genom en metodtriangulering bestående av en kvantitativ webbenkät för privatpersoner med ett kvalitativt inslag som är baserad på viktiga variabler relaterade till brand equity, djupintervjuer med företagsrepresentanter för TeliaSonera och Tele2, samt intervju med en marknadskommunikatör. Uppsatsen visar att de studerade företagen använder sig av två varumärken på olika sätt, där TeliaSonera skiljer sina operatörer i syfte att nå olika kundsegment, medan Tele2 skiljer dessa genom att fördela dem mellan kontantkort och abonnemang. Överlag visade sig branschen svag på att förmedla budskap till kunderna, vilket kan ses som en brist då det är viktigt för att kunden ska kunna identifiera sig med varumärket. Då operatören Halebop konkurrerar med Tele2 och Comviq om priskänsliga kunder, samtidigt som Halebop har ett högre kundupplevt värde gällande flera centrala variabler är detta något som Tele2 och Comviq måste hantera strategiskt. Då de båda företagen har flertalet ansvariga inom olika avdelningar som arbetar med olika typer av brand equity bör de inrätta en roll för en brand equity manager som kan integrera dessa olika personer och avdelningar, vilket kan skapa en högre effektivitet och synergieffekter för företaget och dess varumärken. / The Swedish telecommunications market is characterized as an oligopoly, where the four largest firms represent 97.5 percent of the market, and the main competition takes place regarding existing customers. TeliaSonera is the market's largest company who promotes the two operators Telia and Halebop, while Tele2 is the second largest company who promotes Tele2 and Comviq. Due to the Swedish telecom operators have relatively similar offerings, it is important to create a strong brand which differentiates itself from the crowd and helps to create synergies for companies that have two brands. A brand can be used to create value for both consumer and companies, and establish a relationship between these parties. The value that the company creates with the brand is referred to as brand equity, which could be viewed from a customer based or financial perspective. However, there is ambiguity in how this value creation is actually occurring. Therefore this paper regard to analyze how these companies handle brand equity, and study the synergies that can emerge from using two brands. Furthermore the empirical data has been generated by method triangulation, consisting a quantitative online survey with a qualitative element for consumers, that is based on key factors related to brand equity, along with interviews with representatives of the companies TeliaSonera and Tele2, and also with a market communicator. The study shows that the two companies are using two kinds of brands in separated ways, where TeliaSonera distinguish their operators in order to meet different customer segments, while Tele2 distinguishes them by distributing them between prepaid cards and subscriptions. Overall the industry was weak in transmission messages to customers, which can be seen as a weakness because it is important for customers to identify themselves with the brand. The operator Halebop competes with Tele2 and Comviq to price-sensitive customers, and regarding to that Halebop has a higher customer perceived value regarding several key factors, this is something that Tele2 and Comviq have to manage strategically. The two companies have multiple people in different departments working with brand equity, and they should therefore establish a role for a brand equity manager who can integrate the assignments, which can create greater efficiency and synergies for the company and its brands.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:59:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 730230 bytes, checksum: c9ea66b757014e0b2d6d2b07b2de3af1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Acinetobacter species have gained importance in recent years due to their increased involvement in serious infections and antimicrobial resistance. Since multidrug resistant bacteria pose a challenge to the treatment of infections, it is necessary to find new substances with antimicrobial properties in combating these microorganisms. Thus, medicinal plants are studied, since they are used for treatment of various illnesses. Therefore, many studies on biological activity have been performed with essential oils obtained from medicinal plants, such as the essential oil from Citrus limon (EOCL), attempting to help overcome this problem. Thus the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the essential oil of EOCL against multidrug resistant strains of Acinetobacter spp. Its chemical composition was determined by GC/MS and its antibacterial activity was assessed by determining their MIC and MBC by microplate bioassay, its Time kill too was determinated. Also was analyzed the effect of modulating action of conventional antibiotics by microplate bioassay. Among phytochemicals, Neral (29.4%) presented as the major essential component of EOCL. The oil caused growth inhibition in 16 (67%) of 24 strains tested, showing a MIC of 625 μg/ml and MBC of 1250 μg/mL. In a time kill study, the oil displayed a concentration-dependent antibacterial activity. Results of combining antibiotics and EOCL had shown us a synergistic and additive effect with EOCL /antibiotics combinations. The results of this study suggest that essential oil of C. limon may suppress the growth of Acinetobacter species and could be a source of metabolites with modified antibacterial activity. / Espécies do gênero Acinetobacter ganharam importância nos últimos anos devido ao seu envolvimento crescente em infecções graves e resistência antimicrobiana. Uma vez que bactérias resistentes a múltiplas drogas representam um desafio para o tratamento de infecções, é necessário encontrar novas substâncias com propriedades antimicrobianas no combate a estes microrganismos. Para tentar superar este panorama, várias pesquisas vêm sendo desenvolvidas em busca de novos produtos antibacterianos, dentre elas estão os estudos com os metabólitos de plantas, como o óleo essencial de Citrus limon (OECL). Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do óleo essencial de Citrus limon contra cepas de Acinetobacter multidroga resistentes. Sua composição química foi determinada por CG/EM e sua atividade antibacteriana avaliada pela determinação de sua CIM e CBM pela técnica de microdiluição, sua cinética de morte microbiana também foi analisada. Verificou-se também seu efeito modulador da ação dos antibióticos convencionais por técnicas de microdiluição. Entre os fitoconstituintes, neral (29,4%) apresenta-se como o principal componente de OECL. O referido óleo inibiu o crescimento de 67% das 24 cepas ensaiadas, tendo sua CIM estabelecida em 625 μg/mL e a CBM em 1250 μg/mL Este óleo possui atividade antibacteriana dependente de sua concentração e do tempo de exposição no microrganismo e é um modulador da ação dos antibióticos convencionais. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que o referido óleo pode suprimir o crescimento de espécies de Acinetobacter e poderia ser uma fonte de metabólitos com atividade modificadora antibacteriana.

Cement bonded particleboards contain organic base and as they are set outside, extreme weather condition, such as frost, chemical defrosting substances or sulphates, cause their degradation. The presence of the organic base in the matrix of the material could be the reason why there is higher probability of degrading when compared with materials containing an inorganic base. It could be partially eliminated by an appropriate surface modification of the slab, which main goal is to weaken the impact of an aggressive environment and to extend the lifespan of the board. On the other hand, the surface modifications based on a polymer base are prone to degrade because of other unfavourable conditions such as UV radiation when compared with the cement bonded particleboard. The classification of the surface modifications and the way of their degradation caused by the aggressive environment in real applications are presented in the theoretical part of the thesis. In the experimental part, appropriate methodical ways of testing the resistance of cement bonded particleboard’s coating system were chosen. Then, the testing and comparing of the physical, mechanical and aesthetic properties of different types of coatings were done. Moreover, a spectrophotometric analysis of the colour shade changes for the different aggressive environment were carried out. Furthermore, microstructures of chosen surface modifications were assessed by using an optical and an electron microscope.

This diploma thesis is aimed at assessing the existence of synergistic effects of the selected consolidated entities in the Czech Republic. Using specific financial metrics, the objective of this thesis is to identify the synergistic effects which occur among five consolidated entities operating in the area of property. Measurement and evaluation are performed pursuant to analysis of financial statements as well as qualitative data and are supposed to lead to assessing the existence of synergy in given sphere of national economy.

No description available.

This thesis is focused on the issue of achieving synergistic effect in a consolidating entity. Consolidation unit and proposed financial indicators for monitoring the synergistic effect of the parent company and the consolidated group are defined based on the theoretical findings. Based on the analysis of these indicators is evaluated whether the synergistic effect is achieved.

The thesis focuses on the methods of assessment of synergies established in a consolidated entity. The text includes a definition of a consolidated unit based on theoretical grounds and a draft set of indicators suitable for the analysis of the achievement of synergies. Synergies are monitored through a comparison between the consolidated unit and the mother company made in several selected areas. Results of the analysis of the draft indicators are assessed to determine whether synergies were achieved.

The diploma thesis deals with assessing the synergistic effects of the selected consolidated entity. The analytical part consists of a valuation of the current economical situation in the particular consolidated entity. The thesis determines appropriate indicators of evaluating the synergic effect. The results of these indicators demonstrate the existence of synergy.

The aim of this thesis is evaluation of synergy effects existence in a chosen consolidations subject. Joining of enterprises focuses on attaining certain advantage – synergy effect. This effect should be achieved in various fields. Financial indicators were chosen from theoretical presumptions and it will be finding, if there is a synergy effect in chosen consolidated groups.

This diploma thesis is focused on an evaluation of existence of synergic effects within consolidating subjects. Consolidated groups are defined by theoretical knowledge. Suitable indicators for evaluation of achieved synergic effects are suggested in the next step. Synergic effects are being observed by comparison of parent undertaking and consolidated group in chosen sphere. Based on an analysis, results are evaluated if the synergic effects are achieved.