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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Mechanisms of human articular cartilage degradation in arthritic disease

Warnock, Mark George January 1995 (has links)
No description available.
2

Molecular and cellular basis of synovial joint formation

Feng, Chen, Amy, 冯琛 January 2014 (has links)
abstract / Biochemistry / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy
3

Structure and function of synovial joints, with particular reference to the mechanism of their lubrication

Piper, Michael Stafford January 1972 (has links)
The structure and physiology of synovial joints has been studied for years. Recent advances in technology and investigative tools have enabled workers to greatly elucidate the nature of these remarkably functional joints. This thesis presents a review of the literature dealing with the morphology and physiology of diarthrodial joints. The embryological development and the gross structure of these joints is presented as is a discussion of the light and electron microscopic features of articular cartilage and synovial membrane. In addition, some of the features of synovial fluid are presented. The results of recent investigation into the biochemistry and metabolism of articular cartilage are discussed. As the main function of synovial joints is to provide painless, controlled motion, much interest has recently focused on the mechanism of lubrication in these joints. A review of the literature concerning the nature of joint lubrication is presented, and a theory of lubrication enhancement by electrical repulsive forces is proposed. This theory was developed from the results of a technique of synovianalysis conducted on a series of 61 samples of synovial fluid. The samples were collected from a series of hospital patients. One group of patients suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, while a second group was comprised of patients suffering from conditions not associated with rheumatoid arthritis. The samples were subjected to analysis using cation sensitive glass electrodes, and the concentrations of ionized sodium and potassium were measured. In addition, sodium and potassium concentrations were measured in the synovial fluid samples using a spectrophotometer. As a result of these investigations, it was found that the synovial fluid samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis contained a significantly lower concentration of ionized sodium. It is concluded that the lower concentration of sodium ions in synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis may result in a diminution of electrical repulsive forces acting within synovial joints, and explain, in part, the cartilage attrition seen in this disease. / Science, Faculty of / Botany, Department of / Zoology, Department of / Graduate
4

Rheological properties and free radical stability of cross-linked hyaluronan (Hylan)

Al-Assaf, Saphwan January 1997 (has links)
No description available.
5

Studies on inorganic pyrophosphate in pyrophosphate arthropathy

Hamilton, Edith Belford January 2000 (has links)
No description available.
6

Studies on synovial fluid in arthritis. 1. The total complement activity. 2. The occurrence of mononuclear cells with in vitro cytotoxic effect.

Hedberg, Helge. January 1967 (has links)
Akademisk avhandling--Lund. / Extra t.p., with thesis statement, inserted. Errata slip inserted. Bibliography: p. [117]-125.
7

Influência da atividade física sobre a articulação metacarpofalangeana de cavalos de pólo / Physical activities influence in metacarpophalangeal joint of the polo ponies

Rasera, Luciane 30 November 2007 (has links)
A atividade física, dependendo da intensidade e duração, provoca uma resposta inflamatória nos tecidos articulares dos eqüinos. Como ocorre nos cavalos de pólo que percorrem grandes distâncias em alta velocidade com paradas bruscas do movimento, submetendo suas articulações a esforços intensos e constantes. A finalidade deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da atividade esportiva no metabolismo articular, por meio de exame físico, das dosagens de mediador inflamatório (PGE2) e citocinas (IL-1 e TNF-&alpha;), da concentração de glicose, proteína total e da análise quantitativa e qualitativa das células presentes no líquido sinovial de 20 eqüinos atletas em três estágios diferentes de treinamento, a cada 30 dias, durante o período de 360 dias: animais sem treinamento (grupo controle), animais em início de treinamento (G1) e animais com mais de 5 anos de treinamento (G2). Além disso, estabelecer uma relação entre os resultados laboratoriais com os exames radiográficos e ultra-sonográficos articulares. Numa segunda fase do experimento foi avaliado o líquido sinovial de oito eqüinos atletas antes do exercício e 3, 6 e 24 horas após o término deste. As principais alterações foram encontradas nos animais do G2, ou seja, aumento da circunferência articular (P<0,05), mudança da coloração do líquido sinovial (P<0,05), maior volume de líquido sinovial obtido das articulações metacarpofalangeanas (P<0,05), aumento nas concentrações de proteína (P<0,05), glicose (P<0,05) e PGE2 (P<0,05). Concomitantemente, estes animais apresentaram aumento de volume dos tecidos moles periarticulares, osteófitos, esclerose óssea e diminuição da flexão articular (P<0,05) nos exames radiográficos; além de maior espessura e menor homogeneidade da cápsula articular fibrosa, e maior quantidade de líquido articular visualizado nos exames ultra-sonográficos (P<0,05). Já a expressão dos receptores de TNF do tipo II foi maior nas células do líquido sinovial dos animais do G1. Os animais dos grupos 1 e 2 apresentaram maior porcentagem de macrófagos e sinoviócitos (P<0,05), do que os animais do grupo controle. Na segunda fase do experimento, foram observadas às 3 e 6 horas mudanças na coloração do líquido sinovial (P<0,05), diminuição no volume obtido (P<0,05), diminuição da concentração de glicose (P<0,05), aumento na concentração de proteína total (P<0,05), aumento na concentração de PGE2 (P<0,05). As células do líquido sinovial apresentaram intensidade acentuada de marcação para os receptores de TNF do tipo II também após 3 horas do término do exercício. Conclui-se que um processo inflamatório articular é desencadeado após o exercício intenso, e a resposta dos tecidos articulares frente a este insulto mecânico, com maior intensidade 3 horas após o término da atividade esportiva, e retornando aos valores basais 24 horas após, revela a excelente adaptação articular ao estresse físico. Esta adaptação também foi observada a longo prazo, em cavalos com maior tempo de carreira esportiva, ou seja, estes animais podem apresentar alterações articulares sem sinais de dor e claudicação. Contudo, isto não impede que cavalos com carreira atlética longa desenvolvam osteoartrite. / Physical activity causes an inflammatory response in joints depending on intensity and duration of the exercise. Polo ponies, for example, cross large distances at high speed, with abrupt stops of movement, subjecting the joints to intense and constant effort. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the sporting activity on joint metabolism, by means of physical examination, measurements of inflammatory mediator (PGE2) and cytokines (IL-1 and TNF-&alpha;), glucose and total protein concentrations, and quantitative and qualitative analyses of synovial fluid cells of 20 athletic horses on 3 different stages of training, every 30 days, during a period of 360 days: animals without training (control group), animals in the beginning to train (G1), and animals with more than five years of training (G2). Moreover, the study aimed to establish a relationship between laboratorial results and radiographic and ultrasonographic exams. In a second phase of the trial, synovial fluid analysis was done from samples of eight athletic horses before, and 3, 6 and 24 hours after exercise. Main alterations were found in horses of group 2, which were increase in joint circumference (P<0.05), alteration of the synovial fluid color (P<0.05), greater synovial fluid volume, obtained from metacarpophalangeal joints (P<0.05), greater protein (P<0.05), glucose (P<0.05), and PGE2 (P<0.05) concentrations. Concomitantly, these animals showed an increase of the periarticular soft tissues, ostephytes, subchondral bone sclerosis, and a diminished joint flexion in radiographic exams (P<0.05), and also a thick and less homogeneous articular capsule, and an increase of the joint fluid quantity in ultrasonographic exams (P<0.05). The TNF type II receptor expression was greater in synovial fluid cells of group 1 horses. Horses of the groups 1 and 2 showed greater percentage of macrophages and synoviocytes (P<0.05) than the animals of the control group. In the second phase of the study, it was observed a change of the synovial fluid color at 3 and 6 hours post-exercise (P<0.05), reduction of the obtained volume (P<0.05) and glucose concentration (P<0.05), and an increase of total protein (P<0.05) and PGE2 (P<0.05) concentrations. Also, the synovial fluid cells showed an accentuated intensity of markers for TNF type II receptor 3 hours after sports activity was finished. An inflammatory process of the joint is triggered after intense exercise, but the response of the articular tissue facing this mechanical insult, more intense within 3 hours after the end of the sports activity, and the return to basal values after 24 hours, reveal the excellent adaptation of the articular tissue to physical stress. This adaptation can also be observed in animals with more time of sports career, which can have articular changes without signs of pain or lameness. Nevertheless, this doesn\'t prevent horses with longer sports careers to develop osteoarthritis.
8

Avaliação dos efeitos inflamatório e oxidante do ozônio medicinal em articulações sinoviais de equinos hígidos / Evaluation of the inflammatory and oxidant effects of medical ozone in synovial joints of healthy horses

Vendruscolo, Cynthia do Prado 23 March 2017 (has links)
A ozonioterapia consiste na aplicação de ozônio medicinal, uma mistura de ozônio e oxigênio, que através das espécies reativas de oxigênio e produtos de lipoperoxidação exercem diversos efeitos no organismo como, melhora da oxigenação e metabolismo dos tecidos, angiogênese, aumento dos mecanismos antioxidantes, melhora do sistema imune, efeito anti-inflamatório, entre outros. Esta modalidade terapêutica já é amplamente estudada na medicina humana e vem sendo aplicada na medicina esportiva equina no tratamento de osteoartrite, porém sem estudos expressivos que comprovem sua segurança e eficácia. O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar os efeitos inflamatório e oxidante do ozônio medicinal em articulações sinoviais de equinos hígidos. Para tanto foram utilizadas 24 articulações tibiotársicas distribuídas aleatoriamente em três grupos. Nos grupos tratados foram realizadas três aplicações semanais de 15 ml de ozônio medicinal na concentração de 20 (GA) e 40 &micro;g/ml (GB), no total de 10 aplicações. Já no grupo controle, as articulações receberam três aplicações semanais de 15 ml de O2 (GC), também no total de dez aplicações. Foram realizados exames físico, de claudicação e ultrassonográfico, bem como análise do líquido sinovial, incluindo contagem total de células nucleadas e quantificação de proteína total, prostaglandina E2, Substância P, interleucina-1, interleucina-6, interleucina 10, fator de necrose tumoral-&#945;, ácido hialurônico (concentração e peso molecular) e condroitim sulfato. Para avaliação antioxidante no líquido sinovial foi determinada a atividade da superóxido desmutase e o burst oxidativo. Houve aumento da temperatura em GA e GB, os animais de GB apresentaram maior claudicação comparado aos demais grupos e observou-se aumento em todos os grupos dos escores ultrassonográficos. Na análise do líquido sinovial observou-se aumento nas contagens celulares de GA e GB, acompanhado de polimorfonucleares em GB, aumento da concentração de proteína no GA e GB, da atividade da superóxido desmutase e do índice de ativação em GA e diminuição da concentração de ácido hialurônico em todos os grupos e condroitim sulfato em GB e GC. Não houve diferença nas concentrações de PGE2, substância P, IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 e TNF-&#945;. A aplicação consecutiva do ozônio medicinal intra-articular provocou alterações ultrassonográficas e no exame de claudicação, mais perceptível na dose de 40 ug/mL. Estas alterações estão mais relacionadas à distensão articular causada pela infusão de gases do que aos efeitos inflamatórios provindos do O3, uma vez que as análises de líquido sinovial não mostraram relevante inflamação. Conclui-se que a aplicação intra-articular de ozônio medicinal em equinos é segura em ambas as doses, e que experimentos devem ser realizados utilizando-se animais com diferentes doenças articulares, para que os benefícios da ozonioterapia sejam evidenciados e compreendidos. / Ozone therapy consists of the application of medicinal ozone, a mixture of ozone and oxygen, which through reactive oxygen species and products of lipoperoxidation exert various effects on the body, such as improvement of tissue oxygenation and metabolism, angiogenesis, increase of antioxidant mechanisms, improvement of the immune system, anti-inflammatory effect, among others. This therapeutic modality is already widely studied in human medicine and has been applied in equine sports medicine in the treatment of osteoarthritis, but without expressive studies that prove its safety and efficacy. The objective of the present study is to analyze the inflammatory and oxidizing effects of medicinal ozone on synovial joints of healthy horses. Twenty-four tibiotarsic joints were randomly distributed in three groups. In the treated groups three weekly applications of 15 ml of medicinal ozone in the concentration of 20 (GA) and 40&micro;g / ml (GB) were carried out for a total of 10 applications. Already in the control group, the joints received three weekly applications of 15 ml of O2 (GC), also in the total of 10 applications. Physical, lameness and ultrasound examinations were performed, as well as synovial fluid analysis, including total nucleated cell count and quantification of total protein, prostaglandin E2, Substance P, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-&#945;, hyaluronic acid (concentration and molecular weight) and chondroitin sulfate. For the antioxidant evaluation in the synovial fluid, the activity of the superoxide dismutase and the oxidative burst was determined. There was an increase in temperature in GA and GB, GB animals presented greater lameness compared to the other groups and an increase was observed in all groups of ultrasound scores. In the synovial fluid analysis, GA and GB cell counts were observed, followed by polymorphonuclear cells in GB, increased protein concentration in GA and GB, superoxide desmutase activity and activation index in GA, and decrease in concentration of Hyaluronic acid in all groups and chondrocyte sulfate in GB and CG. There was no difference in the concentrations of PGE2, substance P, IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-&#945;. The consecutive application of intra-articular medicinal ozone caused ultrasonography changes and lameness, more noticeable at 40 ug / mL. These changes related more to joint distension caused by gas infusion than to inflammatory effects from O3, since synovial fluid analyzes did not show relevant inflammation. It is concluded that the intra-articular application of medical ozone in horses is safe in both doses, and that experiments must be performed using animals with different joint diseases, so that the benefits of ozonotherapy are evidenced and understood.
9

Molecular and rheological characterization of sodium hyaluronate (HA) and equine synovial fluid

Leiske, Danielle Lurisa 15 December 2004 (has links)
Graduation date: 2005
10

Biological aspects on synovial fluid mediated aseptic prosthesis loosening /

Andersson, Martin, January 2005 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

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