A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.

In this thesis we extend the study of strategic voting to two frameworks that are novel to the literature. First, by analysing a four-party competition with purely instrumentally motivated voters (Part I); second, by focusing on a three-party competition where voters have instrumental and expressive motivations (Part II). We aim to explore an existing gap in the literature and, in particular, to investigate the possibility of a voting equilibrium with partial strategic voting and its stability. The three sub-models studied in Part I (including essay 1) and the model in Part II (including essays 2, 3 and 4) focus on the case of large electorates and include public uncertainty. This distinguishes them from Cox (1997), where no real uncertainty exists as the electorate gets large, and Myatt (2006), which includes both public and private information. Essays 2 and 3 present and explore the theoretical framework and implications for the model chosen for Part II and essay 4 applies it to the 1997 UK General Election. From essay 1 we obtain the result that in a single-ballot simple-plurality election there is a tendency towards the Duvergerian equilibrium in a four-party model. Also, an equilibrium with partial strategic voting is never stable. From essays 2 and 3 three main results arise: a Duvergerian equilibrium is never possible; a stable equilibrium always exists; and more information leads to less strategic voting – contrary to Myatt (2006). Both the impossibility of any Duvergerian equilibrium and the possibility of a stable interior equilibrium in multiple cases are central to our theory of voting that includes an expressiveness component. The simulations in essay 4 suggest that a very low level of expressiveness is needed to obtain a level of strategic voting compatible with the findings in Fisher (2004). The theory predicts the impossibility of some constituency results that are in fact frequently observed in British elections. Cox (1997), Making Votes Count. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Fisher (2004), ), Definition and Measurement of Tactical Voting: the Role of Rational Choice, British Journal of Political Science, 34(1), 152-66. Myatt (2006), On the Theory of Strategic Voting, Review of Economics Studies, Blackwell Publishing vol. 74(1), pages 255-281.

Drawing on newspaper, movement correspondence, and interview data, I examine the tactical selection and (in)visibility of a lesbian and gay student group, Gay Student Services (GSS), in a hostile university campus in Texas from the mid-1970s through the 1980s. GSS was formed to create a safe space for sexual minorities at Texas A & M University (TAMU) and asked university officials to recognize the group officially after physical threats of violence became real. After long delays, when TAMU administrators declined GSS's request, GSS filed a lawsuit against TAMU with the goal of achieving formal recognition. In the first chapter, I offer a brief history of GSS and introduce my thesis structure. In the second chapter, I show how early access to legal aid bolstered GSS members' understanding of their rights and encouraged their use of legal tactics. A sense of legal entitlement also encouraged GSS to pursue legal tactics in the face of administrative antagonism. The hostile campus environment also motivated GSS to utilize legal tactics instead of engaging in more traditional forms of contention, such as protest, to pursue their goal of gaining official status on campus.

Organized in three parts, this Master’s Design Study [MDS] book summarizes the efforts of a year-long exploration of finding a way to spatialize the lessons to be learned from the urban experiments of Michel Ecochard and members of Team 10 [ATBAT Afrique, GAMMA Group] that took place under the French Protectorate during the mid-twentieth century in Casablanca, Morocco. While a great deal of post-colonial scholarship exists on this topic [Avermaete, Cohen, Eleb, et. al.], missing from this body of work is a rigorous attempt to offer mappings, diagrams, architectural, and urban design strategies that can participate in the negotiation process between colonial modernism and the rich culture of Morocco. More pressing today is the necessity for strategies that can begin to negotiate between this existing culture and globalization. / text

The research reported here offers a solution to the communications resource allocation problem. Unlike earlier approaches to this problem, we employ a time-sliced event model where messages are sent and received in a single time slice called an epoch. In addition, we also consider networks that contain relay nodes capable of only transferring messages. Consequently, network topologies can be considered where a given node is not directly connected to every other node and must use one or more relay nodes in order to get a message to some destination. The resulting architectures broaden the networks to be considered and enable the capability of constructing more realistic communication scenarios. In this paper we modify the standard MCNF model by turning our focus to feasibility instead of optimality in an effort to provide adequate and accurate decision support to communication network planners. Given a network configuration and message requirements, our goal is to determine if the proposed scenario is feasible in terms of the communication resources available. To meet this goal, three algorithms are presented that each solve the extended MCNF problem with varying degrees of accuracy and run-time requirements. Experimental results show that a large number of multi-variable interactions among input parameters play a key role in determining feasibility and predicting expected execution time. Several heuristics are presented that reduce run-time dramatically, in some cases by a factor of 37. Each algorithm is tested on a range of inputs and compared to the others. Preliminary results gathered indicate that the second algorithm of the three (APEA) offers the best balance of accuracy vs. execution time. In summary, the solutions presented here solve the resource allocation problem for message delivery in a way that enables evaluation of real world communication scenarios. / Master of Science

INTERROGATION TACTICS The purpose of this diploma thesis is to systematically summarize knowledge and information about fundametal tactics and methods of an interrogation used in interrogation practice. Knowledge of these procedures is necessary for proper execution of an interrogation and also is suitable for legal practice. The thesis consists of 4 main chapters, each of them deals with relevant issues within the field of an interrogation. The First chapter "Interrogation as a forensic method" includes general discussion about an interrogation and a statement such as definitions of basic concepts, definition of a nature and a purpose of an interrogation. In addition to further this chapter also contains analysis and evaluation of Czech legislation governing the interrogation. The Second chapter "Preparation of an interrogation" is focused on a preparation of an examiner before an interrogation as one of important elements to succesfully realize itself interrogation and to achieve its goals. The Third Chapter "Interrogation tactics" first concetrates on particular phases of an interrogation namely an introduction phase, a monologue and a dialogue where emphasize issues of questioning in practice. Attention is also paid to various situations that may occur during interrogations. This part of third...

A Tactical Data Link (TDL) system has been deployed in many military missions as a winning strategy. The performance of a TDL system is governed by the MAC protocol. The MAC protocol that is able to provide more flexibility and high quality of services is more desirable. However, most MAC protocols implemented in current TDL systems are based on a preprogramming TDMA protocol, in which a time slot schedule is fixed. This thesis presents the new self-organized TDMA protocol based on the existing self-organized slot assignment algorithms and the practical military scenarios as the alternative solution to the current preprogramming TDMA protocol. The self-organized TDMA protocol presented in this thesis is based on the Node Activation Polling Access (NAPA), Virtual Slot (VSLOT), and message based slot assignment algorithms. To evaluate the performance of the designed self-organized TDMA protocol over the preprogramming TDMA protocol, the simulation models for both protocols were implemented and simulated with NS-2 under the specific study scenarios. The results show that the self-organized TDMA protocol offers more flexibility and higher performance than the preprogramming TDMA protocol. In addition, the aspects of stability and security for the self-organized TDMA protocol were discussed. The overall conclusion is that the self-organized TDMA protocol could be a viable alternative for a future TDL system.

For the first time in the history of the Architecture Biennale the American Pavilion earned special recognition in 2012 for Spontaneous Interventions. The exhibition portrays an emerging phenomenon where citizen-led movements address urban problems with small-scale, low cost interventions. Sometimes sanctioned, sometimes not, the concept behind this movement has become known as tactical urbanism. This report examines the rise of tactical urbanism as an opportunity for the field of urban planning and describes how tactics can fit into the formal planning process. Currently, there exists a lack of understanding and research on the concept. This report contributes to the limited research by analyzing existing theory which discusses and supports the concept of tactical urbanism. After providing a theoretical foundation, four interventions displayed at the Biennale are reviewed to demonstrate the potential of this emerging approach. By evaluating the theoretical support behind tactical urbanism, the lacunae in planning literature, and the potential of this emerging approach as demonstrated by the four case studies, this report attempts to legitimize the discussion on tactical urbanism and identify how this emerging approach can fit into the formal planning process. / text

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Orientador: Antonio Carlos de Moraes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T09:25:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Baquete_Bruno_M.pdf: 1282724 bytes, checksum: 920f690ae5b9e6f09545ea1b3f5c1c1d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: O futebol de alto rendimento é notoriamente um desporto altamente competitivo onde cada vez mais os detalhes fazem a diferença entre ganhar e perder. O ambiente dessa modalidade esportiva é altamente complexo e cada jogador deve resolver os problemas emergentes de uma forma integral levando em conta as ações coletivas de seus companheiros, para isso eles precisam compartilhar de referências comuns. Tais referências se integram e formam um modelo de jogo, que é o norte balizador do comportamento das equipes nos momentos de defesa, ataque, transição defensiva (ataque-defesa) e transição ofensiva (defesa-ataque). Cada equipe possui um modelo de jogo particular que contribui diretamente para a organização do jogo e dá ferramentas para os jogadores resolverem os problemas neste ambiente caótico. É fato que equipes com diferentes modelos obtêm destaque no futebol mundial e se tornam referências, caso do Barcelona e do Real Madrid. No ano de 2012 essas equipes se confrontaram em diferentes competições e alternaram vitórias e derrotas tendo como base modelos de jogo diferentes. Visto isso, seus modelos e as sequências ofensivas terminadas em finalizações de ambas as equipes foram analisadas a fim de identificar o que levou as equipes ao êxito. A partir dos dados encontrados verificou-se que a equipe do Barcelona apresentou o mesmo modelo padrão em todos os jogos exceto quanto aos princípios estruturais predominantes que se alternaram conforme a necessidade das partidas. Já o Real Madrid apresentou modificações nos princípios de defesa, transição ataque-defesa e nos princípios estruturais de ataque e defesa ao longo dos jogos, mantendo apenas os princípios operacionais de ataque e de transição ofensiva. Analisando apenas o modelo de jogo predominante não pode ser verificado o que levou cada uma delas ao êxito. Indo além do modelo e analisado as sequências ofensivas terminadas em finalização pode se observar que neste momento emergencial do jogo onde o resultado pode ser definido as equipes adotaram respostas diferentes das encontradas no modelo de jogo predominante. Dentro das sequências ofensivas as referências do modelo davam lugar a referências situacionais para a resolução dos problemas do jogo. Sendo que a Progressão dos jogadores e da bola para a baliza adversária (princípio operacional de ataque), o Jogo Vertical (princípio operacional de transição ofensiva) e a Penetração (princípio estrutural de ataque) se destacaram como os principais princípios nas sequências ofensivas terminadas em finalização em ambas as equipes, mesmo possuindo diferentes modelos de jogo predominantes. Além disso, foi observado que para o êxito das equipes elas buscam respostas além das questões táticas do jogo / Abstract: High performance soccer is notoriously a real competitive sport where details increasingly make the difference between winning and losing. The environment of this sport is highly complex, where each player must solve the emerging problems in a comprehensive manner taking into account the collective actions of the other players, and in order to do so the players need to share common references. Such references are integrated and create a game model which is the north beacon of the teams behavior in times of defense, attack, defensive transition (offense-defense) and offensive transition (defense-attack). Each team has a particular game model that directly contributes to the game organization and gives players the tools to solve the problems in this chaotic environment. It is fact that teams with different models get featured in world football and become references, Barcelona and Real Madrid are good examples of this. In 2012 these teams faced each other in different competitions and rotated in winning and losing based on different game models. Based on that, its models and offensive sequences ending in finishes from both teams were analyzed in order to identify what led these teams to success. As of the data found it was found that Barcelona's team model showed the same pattern in every game except for predominant structural principles that alternated accordingly to the need on the matches. On the other hand, Real Madrid showed changes in the principles of defense, attack-defense transition and structural principles of attack and defense throughout the game, keeping only the operational principles of attack and offensive transition. Analyzing only the predominant form of the game, it is not possible to verified what led each of them to succeed. Going beyond the model and analyzing the offending sequences ending in finishes, it is possible to observe that in this emergency moment of the game where the outcome can be defined, teams adopted different responses of those found in the predominant game style. Within the offensive sequences, references of the model lead to situational references to solve game problems. Whereas the progression of the players and the ball to the opponent's goal (operating principle of attack), the Vertical Game (operating principle of offensive transition) and Penetration (structural principle of attack) stood out as the main principles in offensive sequences ending in fininshes of both teams, even though they had different game models. Moreover, it was observed that for the success of the teams, they seek answers beyond the tactical issues of the game / Mestrado / Biodinamica do Movimento e Esporte / Mestre em Educação Física