A major challenge facing parent educators and professionals who provide prevention and early intervention programs/services for people of colour, specifically Black families in Halifax Regional Municipality (HRM), is the lack of culturally relevant programs. An Afrocentric approach that incorporates concepts from the Empowerment and Ecological Systems theories will bridge this gap because it provides a framework for examining the impact of culture and race on Black family life and parenting. Reflecting on the African proverb, "it takes a village to raise a child", the study emphasizes the role of Black communities in supporting families for enhancing the healthy development of their children. The study examines Black parents' beliefs and goals about using racial socialization as a parenting strategy to address issues of race and discrimination that impact Black parenting. Findings indicate that parents in HRM are currently practicing some form of racial socialization, and are receptive to this model.

This dissertation is a politically conscious, comparative-historical formal analysis of long takes at the intersection of art and mass-market cinemas in the post-WWII era. Given the contemporary fascination with long takes in the critical discourse of film along with its fairly rampant employment in contemporary mainstream cinema, the discipline has lacked scholarship carefully examining formal techniques as such while remaining alert to the non-reductive possibilities for their political significance. Enlisting and building on the analytical approach of a cinematic poetics, the project outlines numerous contingencies in the practice of very long takes and their function in producing meaning before attending to the technique at the levels of cinematography, editing, and mise-en-scène in separate chapters. Objects of analysis are roughly divided in each chapter between progenitors of contemporary long-take practice—Italian neorealist films, Rope (1948), the 1960s and 1980s films of Jean-Luc Godard, and Jeanne Dielman (1975)—and more recent examples—Timecode (2000), Children of Men (2006), Birdman (2014), A Girl Walks Home Alone At Night (2014), and Too Late (2015). The dissertation invests in the inseparability of form and content, as well as the political stakes of long take practice at both levels by parsing out the historical, technological, cultural, and diegetic contexts of long takes. In so doing, the approach exemplifies previously unrecognized possibilities for employing a historical poetics in a manner acknowledging a formal technique’s commitments to and participation in social power dynamics. These dynamics are legible within a film, in its production, and in its participation in the historical tradition of authorship as constructed in European art cinema.

Les objectifs principaux de cette thèse sont expliquer l’émergence de nouvelles dynamiques concurrentielles caractérisées par une symbiose entre concurrence et pouvoir de marché et élucider comment elles peuvent être appréhendées sous l’angle de la théorie de la concurrence. Le chapitre I investigue l’évolution des formes de la concurrence aux États-Unis de 1840 jusqu’à nos jours. On montre qu’alors que dans certains cas le pouvoir de marché s’est traduit par l’entrave à la concurrence (et vice-versa), dans d’autres les deux établissent une relation symbiotique. Le chapitre II fait une revue des théories de la concurrence et conclut qu’elles ne rendent pas compte de la coexistence de deux faits stylisés majeurs propres à la forme de concurrence hégémonique actuelle : des différentiels de taux de profit de long terme et une forte concurrence par les prix.Le chapitre III développe une contribution à la théorie de la concurrence entre et au sein des chaînes globales de valeur (CGV). On montre que l’interdépendance inégale est la source du pouvoir de marché intra-CGV, ce qui explique les différentiels de taux de profit entre firmes appartenant à une même CGV. On montre par la suite comment ils peuvent être compatibles avec une forte concurrence par les prix. Le chapitre IV étudie le capitalisme de plateforme en se focalisant sur les « firmes de coordination algorithmique basées sur la confiance » (FCABC). En s’appuyant sur le cas de la firme de VTC Uber, on argumente que la FCABC conjugue du pouvoir de marché avec une forte concurrence par les prix dans une dynamique concurrentielle dans laquelle il y a une tendance à la monopolisation. / The main objectives of this thesis are to explain the emergence of competitive dynamics characterized by a symbiosis between competition and market power and to elucidate how they can be apprehended through the lenses of competition theory. Chapter I investigates the evolution of forms of competition in the United States from 1840 to today. We show that while in some cases market power has translated into hindering competition (and vice versa), in others the two establish a symbiotic relation. Chapter II reviews competition theories and concludes that they do not account for the coexistence of two major stylized facts characteristic of the current hegemonic form of competition: long-run profit rate differentials and strong price competition. Chapter III develops a contribution to competition theory within and between global value chains (GVC). We show that uneven interdependence is the source of intra-GVC market power, which explains long-run profit rate differentials between firms belonging to the same GVC. Then we show how they can be compatible with strong price competition. Chapter IV studies platform capitalism with a focus on “trust-based algorithmic coordination” (TBAC) firms. Building on the case of the ride-hailing firm Uber, we argue that the TBAC firm conjugates vertical market power with strong price competition in a competitive dynamics in which there is a tendency towards monopolization.

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A tese apresenta o desenvolvimento teórico do princípio da justiça intra e intergeracional (PJI&IG) como elemento na definição da destinação das rendas de hidrocarbonetos. O tema é tratado como aspecto fundamental nas áreas energética e institucional de países produtores de hidrocarbonetos. O PJI&IG incorpora o conceito de equidade intergeracional. Também, assume-se que uso de rendas derivadas da exploração de recursos naturais exauríveis envolve dimensões associadas ao conceito de sustentabilidade. Admite-se a ideia de unicidade e de completude da espécie humana, que corresponde à cumulatividade da experiência humana sobre a Terra. A efetivação de direitos fundamentais é o mecanismo de concretização dessa ideia. Desenvolve-se metodologia empírica e qualitativa baseada na perspectiva institucionalista. Demonstra-se que a temática aqui tratada é elemento essencial para solucionar problemáticas referentes à hipótese da maldição dos recursos naturais. A metodologia abarca o uso do referencial teórico para construção do PJI&IG e de métodos qualitativos para a avaliação institucional tendo esse princípio como referência. A tese foca na experiência do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, do Governo Federal, do Poder Legislativo e do Poder Judiciário como casos que permitem verificar a aplicação do PJI&IG no processo de destinação das rendas de hidrocarbonetos. Os resultados demonstram que o princípio em questão é factível do ponto de vista constitucional e que o seu conteúdo possibilita a destinação das rendas de hidrocarbonetos dentro dos direitos fundamentais e da sustentabilidade integral, que assume a responsabilidade, a solidariedade e o comprometimento social como caminhos para destinação dessas rendas. Na análise institucional específica, os resultados apontam para uma tendência no Brasil de não se respeitar o PJI&IG nas práticas administrativas que gerenciam a destinação das rendas de hidrocarbonetos. Por exemplo, existem evidências de que os gastos com pessoal predominam na esfera municipal. No exame do Poder Executivo Federal, verificou-se evidências de que já existe uma espécie de fundo, quando as rendas de hidrocarbonetos destinadas aos Ministérios são contingenciadas para fins de gerar superávit primário. Em relação ao Poder Legislativo, especificamente, à Câmara dos Deputados, constatou-se referência ao PJI&IG nos textos dos Projetos de Lei, porém nenhuma proposição tornou-se lei. Na análise do Poder Judiciário, averiguou-se que o STF e o STJ inovam na ordem jurídica quando decidem que municípios não podem destinar rendas de hidrocarbonetos para gastos correntes. Nas conclusões foi possível apontar que apesar de o PJI&IG ter em sua base conceitual características que o direcionam como importante elemento de avaliação institucional, as instituições estudadas não o aplicam usualmente em suas decisões, seja no âmbito de políticas ou programas públicos, na confecção de leis ou em julgamentos. Por tal motivo, a tese recomenda, ao final, utilização de instrumentos e caminhos para a incorporação do PJI&IG dentro da prática institucional. / The thesis presents the theoretical development of the principle of intrageneration and intergeneration justice (PJI&IG) as an element in the definition of the destination of government takes. The subject is treated as a fundamental aspect in the energetic and institutional areas of the countries which produce oil and gas. The PJI&IG incorporates the intergenerational justice concept. It is also assumed hereby that the use of revenues derived from the exploitation of exhaustible natural resources involves dimensions associated to the concept of sustainability. The thesis creates the idea of the humankind as one, which is the sum of the human experience on Earth. The fundamental rights enforcement is a mechanism for achieving this idea. It develops an empirical and qualitative methodology based on an institutionalist perspective. It shows that theme being herein treated is an essential element to solve problems related to the hypothesis of natural resource curse. The methodology includes the use of the theoretical construction of the PJI&IG and qualitative methods in institutional assessment having this principle as a parameter. The thesis focuses on the experience of municipalities in Rio Grande do Norte State, Federal Government, Legislative Branch, and Judiciary as cases which allow us to verify the use of PJI&IG in the process of the destination of government takes. The results show that the principle in question is feasible from the standpoint of the Brazilian constitution and that its contents enable the allocation of government takes within both the fundamental rights and integral sustainability, which assume responsibility, solidarity and social commitment as ethical values for the allocation of government takes. In the institutional analysis herein, the results show that Brazil tends not to respect the PJI&IG in the administrative practices which run the destination of the government takes, there are evidences which show that the personal spending dominates in the municipal government, for instance. In the Federal Executive Branch scanning, there were evidences that show fund currently exists, when revenues are not sending to the Ministries in order to generate a primary surplus. Regarding to the Legislature, specifically the Chamber, there was reference to the PJI&IG in the bills, however none of them was approved. In the analysis of the judiciary, it was found that the STF (Federal Supreme Court) and STJ (Superior Court of Justice) create new law when they decided that municipalities cannot allocate the government takes to current expenditure. In the conclusions it was possible to stress that although the PJI&IG has in its conceptual basis features that show as important indicator of institutional assessment, the institutions studied do not apply it in their decisions, neither through policies nor through public programs, not even by making of laws or judgments. Therefore, this thesis recommends that PJI&IG should be incorporated in the institutional practice.

A tese apresenta o desenvolvimento teórico do princípio da justiça intra e intergeracional (PJI&IG) como elemento na definição da destinação das rendas de hidrocarbonetos. O tema é tratado como aspecto fundamental nas áreas energética e institucional de países produtores de hidrocarbonetos. O PJI&IG incorpora o conceito de equidade intergeracional. Também, assume-se que uso de rendas derivadas da exploração de recursos naturais exauríveis envolve dimensões associadas ao conceito de sustentabilidade. Admite-se a ideia de unicidade e de completude da espécie humana, que corresponde à cumulatividade da experiência humana sobre a Terra. A efetivação de direitos fundamentais é o mecanismo de concretização dessa ideia. Desenvolve-se metodologia empírica e qualitativa baseada na perspectiva institucionalista. Demonstra-se que a temática aqui tratada é elemento essencial para solucionar problemáticas referentes à hipótese da maldição dos recursos naturais. A metodologia abarca o uso do referencial teórico para construção do PJI&IG e de métodos qualitativos para a avaliação institucional tendo esse princípio como referência. A tese foca na experiência do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, do Governo Federal, do Poder Legislativo e do Poder Judiciário como casos que permitem verificar a aplicação do PJI&IG no processo de destinação das rendas de hidrocarbonetos. Os resultados demonstram que o princípio em questão é factível do ponto de vista constitucional e que o seu conteúdo possibilita a destinação das rendas de hidrocarbonetos dentro dos direitos fundamentais e da sustentabilidade integral, que assume a responsabilidade, a solidariedade e o comprometimento social como caminhos para destinação dessas rendas. Na análise institucional específica, os resultados apontam para uma tendência no Brasil de não se respeitar o PJI&IG nas práticas administrativas que gerenciam a destinação das rendas de hidrocarbonetos. Por exemplo, existem evidências de que os gastos com pessoal predominam na esfera municipal. No exame do Poder Executivo Federal, verificou-se evidências de que já existe uma espécie de fundo, quando as rendas de hidrocarbonetos destinadas aos Ministérios são contingenciadas para fins de gerar superávit primário. Em relação ao Poder Legislativo, especificamente, à Câmara dos Deputados, constatou-se referência ao PJI&IG nos textos dos Projetos de Lei, porém nenhuma proposição tornou-se lei. Na análise do Poder Judiciário, averiguou-se que o STF e o STJ inovam na ordem jurídica quando decidem que municípios não podem destinar rendas de hidrocarbonetos para gastos correntes. Nas conclusões foi possível apontar que apesar de o PJI&IG ter em sua base conceitual características que o direcionam como importante elemento de avaliação institucional, as instituições estudadas não o aplicam usualmente em suas decisões, seja no âmbito de políticas ou programas públicos, na confecção de leis ou em julgamentos. Por tal motivo, a tese recomenda, ao final, utilização de instrumentos e caminhos para a incorporação do PJI&IG dentro da prática institucional. / The thesis presents the theoretical development of the principle of intrageneration and intergeneration justice (PJI&IG) as an element in the definition of the destination of government takes. The subject is treated as a fundamental aspect in the energetic and institutional areas of the countries which produce oil and gas. The PJI&IG incorporates the intergenerational justice concept. It is also assumed hereby that the use of revenues derived from the exploitation of exhaustible natural resources involves dimensions associated to the concept of sustainability. The thesis creates the idea of the humankind as one, which is the sum of the human experience on Earth. The fundamental rights enforcement is a mechanism for achieving this idea. It develops an empirical and qualitative methodology based on an institutionalist perspective. It shows that theme being herein treated is an essential element to solve problems related to the hypothesis of natural resource curse. The methodology includes the use of the theoretical construction of the PJI&IG and qualitative methods in institutional assessment having this principle as a parameter. The thesis focuses on the experience of municipalities in Rio Grande do Norte State, Federal Government, Legislative Branch, and Judiciary as cases which allow us to verify the use of PJI&IG in the process of the destination of government takes. The results show that the principle in question is feasible from the standpoint of the Brazilian constitution and that its contents enable the allocation of government takes within both the fundamental rights and integral sustainability, which assume responsibility, solidarity and social commitment as ethical values for the allocation of government takes. In the institutional analysis herein, the results show that Brazil tends not to respect the PJI&IG in the administrative practices which run the destination of the government takes, there are evidences which show that the personal spending dominates in the municipal government, for instance. In the Federal Executive Branch scanning, there were evidences that show fund currently exists, when revenues are not sending to the Ministries in order to generate a primary surplus. Regarding to the Legislature, specifically the Chamber, there was reference to the PJI&IG in the bills, however none of them was approved. In the analysis of the judiciary, it was found that the STF (Federal Supreme Court) and STJ (Superior Court of Justice) create new law when they decided that municipalities cannot allocate the government takes to current expenditure. In the conclusions it was possible to stress that although the PJI&IG has in its conceptual basis features that show as important indicator of institutional assessment, the institutions studied do not apply it in their decisions, neither through policies nor through public programs, not even by making of laws or judgments. Therefore, this thesis recommends that PJI&IG should be incorporated in the institutional practice.

Copyright is conventionally justified as an incentive to produce and disseminate works of authorship. We can justify and theorise copyright more richly, not least because empirical evidence does not support the incentive narrative. Rather than focussing on quantitative matters such as the number of works incentivised and produced, we should consider copyright's qualitative influence on culture. A threshold objection to such an approach is the risk of cultural paternalism. This objection can be overcome. Rather than specifying paternalistic standards of merit for works, we can target the conditions under which their creation and consumption takes place. I argue, firstly, that we should adopt the following high-level principles: (i) that the conditions of creation and consumption of works should be conducive to democratic deliberation (democracy) and (ii) that they should facilitate the development of human capabilities (autonomy). Secondly, I propose that we pursue three mid-level objectives, which are helpful indicia of democracy and autonomy: - a fair and wide distribution of communicative and cultural power (inclusiveness); - diversity in the content and perspectives available to the public (diversity); and - conditions that permit authors and users of works to engage rigorously with the conventions of the media in which they operate (rigour). It is often said that copyright obstructs important qualitative objectives, like freedom of expression, and that we could better pursue these goals by weakening copyright and relying on non-proprietary alternatives. My approach produces a more optimistic, but also more complicated, view of copyright. While copyright's qualitative influence is not optimal, reductions in the strength and scope of copyright sometimes produces conditions and incentive structures that are worse for inclusiveness, diversity and rigour than stronger copyright. For example, both attention and wealth are highly concentrated in networked information economies driven by free sharing of content, and this is bad for diversity or inclusiveness. Online business models, based on surveillance of users' consumption of free works, are corrosive of autonomy and democracy. Merely removing copyright-based restrictions on the sharing of works is not a panacea for copyright's ills. A qualitative theory such as mine equips us to better understand and calibrate more richly the trade-offs involved in copyright policy decisions, and encourages us to treat copyright as part of a broader, qualitatively-oriented information and cultural policy.

Zapfluft und Wellenleistung wird den Triebwerken entnommen, um die Energie für beispielsweise die Kraftstoffpumpen, das Inflight Entertainment oder die Flügelvorderkantenenteisung zu erzeugen. Diese Energiegenerierung, hat einen Anstieg des Kraftstoffverbrauches zur Folge. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass die Stelle der Zapfluftentnahme einen starken Einfluss auf den Gradienten des Brennstoffverbrauches hat. Das Projekt beschäftigt sich mit zwei- und dreiwelligen Turbofantriebwerken und untersucht an ihnen, die Effekte der Leistungsnahmen. Als Simulationssoftware wurde GasTurb 8.0 eingesetzt und auf die integrierten Triebwerkskonfigurationen zurückgegriffen. Ziel der Arbeit ist die Ermittlung einer mathematischen Beziehung zur Berechnung des zusätzlichen Kraftstoffmassenstromes infolge einer Zapfluft- oder Wellenleistungsentnahme. So stellt sich die Frage, welche Triebwerksparameter dafür berücksichtigt werden müssen. Eine Wellenleistungsentnahme verursacht beispielsweise einen linearen Anstieg des spezifischen Kraftstoffverbrauches. Ist diese Zunahme, identisch mit der einer Zapfluftentnahme? Am Ende der Kapitel werden die Ergebnisse mit Literaturwerten verglichen und versucht Tendenzen zu erkennen bzw. bestehende zu erhärten.

Purpose of this project is a) the evaluation of the Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption (TSFC) of jet engines in cruise as a function of flight altitude, speed and thrust and b) the determination of the optimum cruise speed for maximum range of jet airplanes based on TSFC characteristics from a). Related to a) a literature review shows different models for the influence of altitude and speed on TSFC. A simple model describing the influence of thrust on TSFC seems not to exist in the literature. Here, openly available data was collected and evaluated. TSFC versus thrust is described by the so-called bucket curve with lowest TSFC at the bucket point at a certain thrust setting. A new simple equation was devised approximating the influence of thrust on TSFC. It was found that the influence of thrust as well as of altitude on TSFC is small and can be neglected in cruise conditions in many cases. However, TSFC is roughly a linear function of speed. This follows already from first principles. Related to b) it was found that the academically taught optimum flight speed (1.316 times minimum drag speed) for maximum range of jet airplanes is inaccurate, because the derivation is based on the unrealistic assumption of TSFC being constant with speed. Taking account of the influence of speed on TSFC and on drag, the optimum flight speed is only about 1.05 to 1.11 the minimum drag speed depending on aircraft weight. The amount of actual engine data was extremely limited in this project and the results will, therefore, only be as accurate as the input data. Results may only have a limited universal validity, because only four jet engine types were analyzed. One of the project's original value is the new simple polynomial function to estimate variations in TSFC from variations in thrust while maintaining constant speed and altitude.

Diplomová práce přináší příspěvek k problematice inspirace historické prózy devatenáctého století odbornou dějepisnou literaturou. Jejím úkolem je zhodnocení provázanosti Palackého husitské koncepce s vybranými dvěma povídkami Josefa Kajetána Tyla, jejichž děj je situován do první poloviny patnáctého století v Čechách. První část diplomové práce uvádí stručnou charakteristiku obou autorů a jejich tvorby s historickou tematikou. Následující teoretická kapitola je věnována pohledu na husitství v devatenáctém století. Druhá část práce je zaměřena prakticky, neboť vedle srovnání výkladu dějin oběma autory také obsahuje subjektivní interpretaci literárních kvalit postav a okolností, jež si Tyl domýšlí.