This thesis is dealing with the corporation income tax base in picked countries of the European Union. Countinuous efforts by the European Union on the harmonization of direct taxation and efforts to unify the rules for determining the corporation income tax base fails. The purpose of this thesis is to show the extent to which the legislation of selected countries is similar and different. The main goal of this thesis it to compare the legislation of the corporation income tax base in Czech Republic, Cyprus and Austria. This thesis is composed of five chapters. First chapter contains definitions of terms used in this thesis. The second to the fourth chapter deals with the tax base legislation in selected countries. Every from these chapters describes legislation of the crucial components which effects the corporation tax base. Every chapter is subdivided into two subchapters. The first sub-chapter focuses on the tax payers.The second sub-chapter describes the corporation tax base and components affecting its structure. The second sub-chapter is devided into four parts. The first part describes legislation of corporation's income. There is mentioned taxable income, income tax excemptions and income which is not taxed within corporation income tax. The second part deals with expenses. There is...

The optimal replacement policy for an asset subject to a stochastic deteriorating operating cost is determined for three different tax depreciation schedules and a known re-investment cost, as the solution to a two-factor model using a quasi-analytical method. We find that tax depreciation exerts a critical influence over the replacement policy by lowering the operating cost thresholds. Although typically a decline in the corporate tax rate, increase in any initial capital allowance, or decrease in the depreciation lifetime (increase in depreciation rate) results in a lower operating cost threshold which justifies replacing older equipment, these results are not universal, and indeed for younger age assets the result may be the opposite. An accelerating depreciation schedule may incentivize early replacement in a deterministic context, but not necessarily for an environment of uncertainty.

Tax systems of both Germany and other European countries are often subject to tax reforms. On the one hand, tax systems should be economically efficient, i.e., they should not involve welfare losses or lead to distortions of decisions. On the other hand, tax reforms could only be implemented if budget consequences are acceptable for the fiscal authority, i.e., potential revenue losses have to be either moderate or compensable by countermeasures. Revenue consequences of possible tax reforms are therefore of crucial importance for the fiscal authority. In addition to aggregate revenue impacts, redistribution effects on the level of single companies are relevant for the acceptance and the enforcement of tax reforms. Redistribution effects are particularly relevant if certain companies or industries should be supported or not additionally strained. Against this background, in the first three papers of my cumulative dissertation I analyze revenue and redistribution effects of two reform scenarios that are currently under political discussion. Revenue impacts of reforming inter-period loss-offset provisions in Germany are analyzed in the first paper using a prototypical dynamic microsimulation model. This prototypical model is developed further into the microsimulation model ASSERT (paper 2), which is applied in paper 3 to estimate revenue consequences of a reform regarding the German group taxation regulations. Because tax reforms in general and especially the analyzed reform scenarios do not only affect tax revenue of the states involved but also the (investment) behavior of the companies concerned, it is important to consider so-called second-round effects when quantifying revenue consequences of tax reforms. In the fourth paper I empirically identify companies' behavioral responses and analyze the impact of tax depreciation on the level of investment. I use cross-section and panel data analyses and differentiate between companies that have and companies that do not have a tax loss carry-forward. In addition to the effects of tax depreciation on investment in the whole sample I estimate size-specific investment impacts by dividing the sample into large, medium-sized and small corporations. The estimated behavioral responses (and also other responses to tax reforms) should in the future be implemented in the microsimulation model ASSERT.

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The aim of this thesis is to draw the attention to the problems in the book-keeping which are influenced by the current tax legislation and which could lead to distortion of the financial statements and therefore also to violation of the concept of true and fair view in the accounting. In this dissertation thesis following accounting transactions are emphasized: allowances for doubtful receivables, depreciation, provisions and deferred tax. These operations are often missed out or distorted in the accounting as their impact on the tax base is neutral.

This diploma thesis deals with the possibilities of transferring the cost of acquisition of depreciable tangible assets acquired by purchase or finance lease in the corporate income tax base, and analyzes the conditions of deductibility of depreciation and rent in the tax base. The diploma thesis identifies the factors affecting the amount of the tax base for both variants of the acquisition of depreciable tangible assets and the elements of the tax optimization.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-01-10T11:25:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luís Gustavo Dias da Silva.pdf: 1501183 bytes, checksum: 2883c961e0b6a77584c644b46852d8c4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-10T11:25:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luís Gustavo Dias da Silva.pdf: 1501183 bytes, checksum: 2883c961e0b6a77584c644b46852d8c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Since Brazil independence in 1822, it has always suffered from high indebtedness and periods of inflation and hyperinflation which after successive economic stabilization plans, has made the economy increasingly gloomy for companies in general. Only in 1994, with the Real Plan, the Brazilian economy has balanced with adequate inflation for developing countries. However, external shocks came with the Mexican, Asian and Russian financial crises. After five years of stabilization of inflation, in 1999, Brazil was obliged to abandon one of the pillars of support of the Real Plan: the exchange anchor. Thus, with the adoption of the macroeconomic tripod of "Inflation Targets", "Primary Surplus" and "Floating Exchange", Brazil has resumed GDP growth and controls inflation. At this moment, the Monetary Policy (Contractionary or Expansionist) has gained important role, mainly when the federal government has started to use the SELIC rate as basic interest parameter of the Brazilian economy and one of the strong formal instruments of control of inflation. The objective of this research has known (i) there are influence of Monetary Policy on the EBITDA’s performance of the companies listed on the São Paulo Stock Exchange and (ii) how long after the increase or decrease the SELIC Rate (Brazilian Monetary Policy), there is an impact on companies’ EBITDA. This research has been motivated by the relevance and timeliness of that topics because the SELIC rate to control the rise in inflation for reasons exogenous to the companies in general, has influenced the endogenous performance of these same companies, affecting one of the most important economic-financial-accounting: the EBITDA. The methodology has used, which included the development of a statistical and macroeconomic model own, has been regression in the data panel, with a detailed analysis of the 17 segments of companies in which the 314 companies surveyed have distributed. The results have indicated that there is influence of the Monetary Policy in the EBITDA of some sectors of companies with a three-month and a nine-month time span predominance, with relevant statistical significance. It has concluded that the unique and different moments in which the Monetary Policy is used by the monetary authority has influenced the operational performance of the companies, translated by the accounting-financial managerial indicator called EBITDA / O Brasil, desde a sua independência, em 1822, sempre sofreu com elevado endividamento e com períodos de inflação e hiperinflação que, após sucessivos planos econômicos de estabilização, tornavam a economia cada vez mais sombria para as empresas em geral. Somente em 1994, com o Plano Real, a economia brasileira foi equilibrada com uma inflação adequada para países em desenvolvimento. Entretanto, choques externos vieram com as crises financeiras mexicana, asiática e russa. Após cinco anos de estabilização da inflação, em 1999, viu-se obrigado a abandonar um dos pilares de sustentação do Plano Real: a âncora cambial. Com a adoção do tripé macroeconômico de “Metas de Inflação”, “Superávit Primário” e “Câmbio Flutuante”, o Brasil retoma o crescimento do PIB e controla a inflação. Nesse momento, a política monetária (contracionista ou expansionista) ganha importante e fundamental papel, principalmente quando o governo federal passa a usar a taxa no Selic como parâmetro de juros básicos da economia brasileira e um dos fortes instrumentos formais de controle de inflação. Desse modo, o objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar (i) qual a influência da política monetária no desempenho do Ebitda das empresas listadas na Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo e (ii) em quanto tempo, após a elevação ou diminuição da Taxa Selic (principal instrumento utilizado na política monetária brasileira) há impacto no Ebitda das empresas. Esta pesquisa foi motivada pela relevância e atualidade dos temas porque o manejo da taxa no Selic, para controlar a subida da inflação por motivos exógenos às empresas em geral, passa a influenciar a performance endógena dessas empresas, afetando um dos pontos econômico-financeiro-contábil mais relevantes: o Ebitda. A metodologia utilizada, que contou com o desenvolvimento de um modelo estatístico e macroeconômico próprio, foi a regressão para dados em painel, com a análise pormenorizada dos 17 segmentos de empresas em que foram distribuídas as 314 empresas pesquisadas. Os resultados obtidos indicam que há influência da política monetária no Ebitda de alguns setores de empresas com lapso temporal predominante de três meses e de nove meses, com significância estatística relevante. Concluiu-se que os singulares e diferentes momentos em que a política monetária é utilizada pela autoridade monetária influencia a performance operacional das empresas, traduzidas pelo indicador contábil-financeiro gerencial chamado Ebitda

This diploma paper is extended from bachelor paper and the topic is based on the depreciation of long term property from financial and manager point of view and its connection to income tax. The diploma paper is focused on long term property as well as methods of depreciation. The better explanation is presented by examples and also by graphs. My attention was in area of tax income, deferred tax and accounting of grants too. The diploma paper describes connection of manager accounting to depreciation of long term property. The concrete depreciation system is worked up from materials of some unnamed company.

This thesis deals with tax depreciation of fixed assets in Czech Republic including comparison with tax depreciation according direction proposal for a Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base and capital deduction in United Kingdom. This thesis includes description of basic rules of fix assets tax depreciation and analysis of tax optimalization possibilities using tax depreciation in Czech Republic. Information gained in theoretical part is used for formation of methodic manual that is used by corporate tax payers as a guide in tax depreciation setting. In the last part of the thesis, variants of tax depreciation calculation for existing company are stated.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:39:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dalgi Sequeira Santos.pdf: 459515 bytes, checksum: 067388b08d48c23b142f655159808db8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of this study is to check compliance of the depreciation rates used by the companies, in conformity with the explanatory notes of property, plant and equipment included in their annual reports, with the concept of depreciation described in the Accounting Theory. The depreciation rates suggested by the Brazilian income tax regulation were utilized to compare the depreciation rates used in the balance sheets published. Based on this objective, three questions were raised: (i) is the accounting standard effective in Brazil, as regards depreciation rate, in accordance with the Accounting Theory?; (ii) is the accounting practice followed by the companies, with regard to depreciation rate, consistent with the definitions of the standard?; and (iii) did the new accounting legislation lead to the adoption of depreciation rates different from those recommended by the Tax Authorities? In order to obtain answers to the questions above, three hypotheses were corroborated, namely: (i) I the Brazilian accounting standard is in conformity with the Accounting Theory as regards the concepts of useful life of assets; (ii) II assets submitted to different conditions and systems to explore their benefits will have various economic useful lives. However, in hypothesis III, it is expected that, according to hypotheses I and II, and considering the definition of useful life of assets given by the Accounting Theory, the depreciation rates used be determined in accordance with the useful life of the asset and, therefore, be different, depending on their use and lines of business. Accordingly, for the same asset different depreciation rates will be used in different businesses, which means that not always the depreciation suggested by the Tax Authorities can be adopted as a rule. That hypothesis was refuted, based on the empirical surveys. The research adopted three methods to obtain the necessary information and data: (i) bibliographic research for the theoretical basis; (ii) documental research for surveying the standards in effect; and (iii) empirical research for surveying the data in primary sources / O objetivo deste estudo é verificar a aderência das taxas de depreciação utilizadas pelas empresas, conforme as notas explicativas de ativo imobilizado contidas em seus relatórios anuais, com o conceito de depreciação da Teoria da Contabilidade. Para comparação das taxas de depreciação utilizadas nos balanços publicados, utilizaram-se as taxas de depreciação sugeridas pela legislação brasileira de imposto de renda. Com base neste objetivo, foram levantadas três questões: (i) a norma contábil vigente no Brasil, no tocante à taxa de depreciação, está de acordo com a Teoria Contábil?; (ii) a prática contábil observada nas empresas, no tocante à taxa de depreciação, está coerente com as definições da norma?; e (iii) a nova legislação contábil levou à adoção de taxas de depreciação diferentes das recomendadas pelo Fisco? A fim de obter as respostas às questões anteriores, três hipóteses foram corroboradas, a saber: (i) I a norma brasileira de contabilidade está alinhada com a Teoria da Contabilidade no que se refere aos conceitos de vida útil do ativo; (ii) II ativos submetidos a diferentes condições e regimes de exploração de seus benefícios terão diversas vidas útil-econômicas. No entanto, na hipótese III, espera-se que, de acordo com as hipóteses I e II e considerando a definição de vida útil do ativo dada pela Teoria da Contabilidade, as taxas de depreciação utilizadas sejam estipuladas segundo a vida útil-econômica do ativo e, dessa forma, sejam diferentes conforme seu uso e em diversos ramos de negócios. Assim, para um mesmo ativo, diferentes taxas de depreciação serão utilizadas em negócios diversos, afastando-se da depreciação sugerida pelo Fisco. A referida hipótese foi refutada com base nos levantamentos empíricos. A pesquisa foi empreendida com a utilização de três métodos para obter as informações e os dados necessários: (i) pesquisa bibliográfica para a base teórica; (ii) pesquisa documental para o levantamento das normas vigentes; e (iii) pesquisa empírica para o levantamento dos dados em fonte primária