本研究旨在探討在台灣升學導向高中任教之外籍教師在面對不同議題時之信念是否受到大學聯考的影響，以及其教學信念及實踐是否一致。 為了能夠深入了解外籍教師的教學信念，本研究採用質性研究法來進行資料採集及分析，所使用的資料採集工具為訪談、課室觀察及文件分析。除了訪談一名擁有三年私立升學導向高中教學經驗的女性教師，研究者更進一步訪談該校外語中心主任以期能了解該校對其外籍老師的要求及期待。研究結果呈現此外籍教師對於學習、教學、英語、大學入學考試、台灣教育以及本籍及外籍教師間之異同的信念及看法。 在本研究最後，研究者也針對研究結果提出了建議，以期能提供給教育當局、學校以及學者作為參考。 / The purpose of this study is to explore the beliefs of a native English speaking teacher (NEST) in a college-bound senior high school in Taipei City and to see if the JUEE has influence on her teaching beliefs. Instructional practices are used to compare with the NEST’s beliefs to check the consistency between them. In order to have a complete picture of NEST’s beliefs, the researcher made use of qualitative research methods in this study and selected an experienced NEST who was currently teaching in a private senior high school in Taipei City. By adopting three data collection methods: semi-structured interviews, classroom observations and document analyses, the researcher collected the data from the NEST. Furthermore, the researcher also interviewed the director of Foreign Language Center to see if the NEST’s beliefs were congruent with the school’s expectations. The data were analyzed to present the NEST’s beliefs about learning, teaching, English, the JUEE, the educational system in Taiwan and the differences between NESTs and NNESTs. Based on the results, the implications were offered for the policy makers and the institutions as well as the recommendations for the future researchers.

本研究旨在探討兩位國中英語教師閱讀教學信念及其課堂教學，同時分析師生課堂互動如何影響教師的課堂閱讀教學。過去研究顯示出學生對於教師的信念及教學有很大的影響，但課堂上的師生互動如何影響教師教學卻需要進一步的研究。本研究採取質性個案研究，研究過程採取訪談教師及學生和課堂觀察兩位教師的教學為主要資料蒐集來源。結果顯示教師所聲稱的閱讀教學信念與其實際課堂教學確有差異之處，而學生因素包括: (1) 學生課堂參與 (2) 學生對教授內容的理解 (3) 學生英語程度差異 (4) 學生考試壓力均影響教師調整課堂教學的內容。然而教師信念與實際教學差異卻反映了教師信念因應個別教學情境而改變的本質，同時透過教師信念研究亦凸顯了教師於課堂中真正扮演的角色。文末進一步提出相關建議，以期能作為在職教師及未來研究參考。 / The purposes of the present study are to investigate two junior high school English teachers’ beliefs and practices on reading instruction and how the teacher-student interaction in class impacts teachers’ reading instruction behaviors. Previous studies have shown the impacts of student issues on the teachers’ beliefs, but how exactly these issues interact with teachers’ in-class practices demands further investigation. The case study research, that is semi-structured interviews with participating teachers and students and classroom observations, was adopted in the present study. The results reveal that there are indeed discrepancies between the teachers’ claimed pedagogical beliefs and their in-class actions, and students’ in-class participation, their comprehension of teachers’ instruction, their diverse English proficiency levels and their examination pressure all present challenges to shape teachers’ actions in class. Nevertheless, these discrepancies between teachers’ beliefs and practice in turn reveal the situated nature of teachers’ beliefs, which help teachers develop more contextualized adjustments to meet their individual teaching contexts. Moreover, the investigation of teachers’ pedagogical beliefs make the instruction roles they play explicit. Finally, it is expected that the findings of the present study offer a new perspective to understand teachers’ beliefs and practices and provide pedagogical implications for in-service teaching profession.

Ways for self development of teaching strategy Abstract: The aim of this thesis is to analyse the diagnostic tools designed by M. Hejny and his team. These tools focus on teaching styles in education, observing the personal development of a mathematics intern teacher. The study materials i have obtained during my practice are used to describe and analyse the teacher's educational style, with the use of twenty defining parameters. My thesis is based on Gabriela Hlavata's master thesis, a teacher who describes her own shift from transmissible to constructive teaching in mathematics classes. Hlavata depicts this shift clearly, hence the reason I have decided to describe it with a set of parameters measuring the intern teacher's educational style. The subsequent aim is to trace my own evolution in teaching mathematics. Practice and materials gained in my graduation, together with the twenty educational parameters as outlined in my thesis, will serve to analyse and describe my own educational style. In choosing this topic, I am trying to answer the following question; whether the observation of a teacher's educational style will impact on the delivery and quality of mathematics lessons? Furthermore, is improvement possible, or have I reached the capacity of my own teaching ability? Additionally this thesis...

讓孩子在正式學制外學習在台灣家長始終蔚為風潮。在台灣，雖然小學三年級才開始正式學習英文，許多孩子早在這個年紀之前就開始學習，或在這年紀之後，也會利用課後時間在非正式機構學習。本研究旨在了解台灣的兩位非正式教育機構英文教師的教師信念的形成。 本研究採用質性研究的個案研究方法，研究對象為二位擁有豐富非正式教育機構教學經驗的英文老師，其學生年齡介於2至16歲。資料透過與每一位研究對象的五次半結構式的深度訪談。收集到的研究資料包含研究對象的：(1)外語學習經驗，(2)外語學習者信念，(3)英文教學經驗，(4)教師訓練及教育，(5)英文教師信念。 研究結果顯示兩位教師的外語學習者信念、教師訓練、和教學經驗都會促成他們的教師信念的形成。然而，他們會做出與自己的身為外語學習者的信念不一致的教學決策。這樣的不一致性是因為他們在教學環境中所感受到的難題還有存在於他們學習者信念和英文教師信念當中的矛盾所產生的。在非正式教育機構裡，英文老師們所感受到會影響教學決策的難題是關於：(1)學生的學習環境，(2)課程規劃，(3)機構政策，(4)學生狀況，和(5)家長的期待。 最後，依據本研究結果，進一步提供相關的建議，作為教育立法者、非正式教育機構、以及學生家長們的參考。 / Having children learning outside the formal educational system for academic purposes has been a trend among Taiwanese parents. In Taiwan, although formal English instruction is provided from the third grade in formal schools, many children start to learn English before the age and learn English outside the school time at and after the age at informal education institutes. The purpose of the study is to investigate the role of the formation of beliefs as teachers of two English teachers outside the formal educational system in Taiwan. This study adopted a qualitative case study method. The participants were two English teachers with rich experience of teaching students aged from 2 to 16 at various informal educational institutes. Data were collected through five semi-structure in-depth interviews with each of the participants. The collected information included each of the participant’s: (1) FL learning experiences, (2) beliefs as a FL learner, (3) English teaching experience, (4) teacher training, and (5) beliefs as an English teacher. The findings suggest that the two teachers’ beliefs as FL learners, teacher training, and teaching experience all contributed to the formation of their beliefs as English teachers. However, the teachers would make teaching decisions inconsistent with their beliefs as FL learners. The underlying reasons behind the inconsistencies were their perceived problems in teaching contexts and the contradiction between their beliefs as FL learners and as English teachers. In the informal educational institutes, the English teachers’ perceived problems which constrained the realization of their beliefs as FL learners were about: (1) students’ learning context, (2) curriculum, (3) school policy, (4) students’ conditions, and (5) parents’ expectation. Finally, these pedagogical implications and suggestions are served as a reference for educational policy makers, informal educational institutes, and parents.

The dissertation is focused on the issue of disciplinary reading in the Czech Republic, which is explored through the approaches of geography teachers. The theoretical basis of the dissertation discuss the key concepts (disciplinary reading, teacher's approach, text and its difficulty) and put the studied issue into the broader context of teacher's professional learning. The research carried out within the dissertation draws on the questionnaire survey; uses the grounded theory method to analyze data. The research is divided into two parts, the first research tries to reveal in the teachers' statements how they approach the inclusion of the disciplinary reading in geography teaching, what factors prevent them from implementing the disciplinary reading and what they help. The second research is aimed at revealing the perspectives used by geography teachers to assess the difficulty of texts useful in geography teaching. Based on a paradigmatic model, a typology of geography teachers' approaches to disciplinary reading was developed. The resulting types are four and reflect different forms of the two typology categories. Typology is based on how the teacher links reading with the achievement of geographic goals, as well as the character of pupils' activities defined by levels of thought operations and...