Theoretical part of dissertation was focused to defined concept teacher and his social and economic position. These concepts were focused from professional literature and law of Czech Republic. Practical part then is turn on in first line on the research of teacher's job. Some of them refer to prestige of teacher, another generally teachers position, his intensity and complexity, another was devoted education system universally. The second part explores from qualitative research of some respondents their attitudes and opinions to teachers position. The target of thesis was compare of idea trainees with conclusion, where was found out from researches of teachers job and professional literature. The thesis come to the conclusion in teacher's prestige and together was alert to some phenomenon, where are charted but not appropriately resolved. KEYWORDS teacher, social and economic position of the teacher, salary, prestige

The purpose of this study is to gain a knowledge of the salary schedule situation in the teaching profession, and to determine how this situation can be improved if teachers become interested and will furnish the leadership necessary in helping to construct schedules in the school systems.

Teacher compensation reforms have been on the rise in recent years, yet research has yet to fully demonstrate how teachers interpret these policies and how they may influence their instructional practices and professional decisions. This qualitative study of a performance pay program in an urban district in Texas drew on cognitive approaches to policy implementation and theories of sensemaking to examine and explicate these issues. Teachers’ experiences in two schools were examined through interviews, focus groups, and document analysis. The experiences of school principals and district policymakers acting as sensegivers to teachers about the program’s goals, purposes, and theory of action were also examined. District policymakers’ understandings of the program varied, and were informed by their positions in the system and their own interests in the program. These differences resulted in a complex program with an array of objectives for teachers to implement in schools and classrooms, as well as varying expectations for teachers’ work, which were not always understood by teachers. With few clear and consistent messages from policymakers, teachers and principals interpreted the program according to their own ideas about important outcomes, and then shaped it to fit their situations. Although accepting of the program, teachers and principals were not always able to focus on it in ways expected by policymakers given other demands on them, particularly those emanating from the accountability system. Some evidence of goal distortion in terms of teachers’ attention to student assignments and mobility was also found. These findings hold implications for cognitive theories of policy implementation, suggesting that teachers’ responses to policies are influenced by the amount of attention they are able to give them, as well as direct sensegiving about policy goals and expectations on the part of policymakers. The findings also suggest that performance pay programs can be expected to be adapted, co-opted, and selectively attended to in order to fit within the contexts in which they are implemented. Thus, policymakers should consider other demands in the policy environment that may compete with performance incentives, as well as the organizational contexts of schools in which they will be implemented. / text

The article presents a selective review of the literature that exposes and analyzes the results of ten empirical studies on the consequences of the application of economic incentives in academia in a context of global transformation of the university. The first part presents a brief description of incentive systems known as merit pay plans, their main characteristics and the objectives of their implementation. The second part presents the main research findings developed in the USA, Germany, Australia, Estonia, Pakistan, Argentina and Mexico, and the reported effects on productivity, motivation and teacher satisfaction. Concludes with the discussion of critical aspects in the implementation and evaluation of merit-based payment systems. / El estudio presenta una revisión selectiva de la literatura que expone y analiza los resultados de diez investigaciones empíricas sobre las consecuencias de la aplicación de incentivos económicos en la academia, en un contexto de transformación de la organización universitaria a nivel global. La primera parte presenta una breve descripción de los sistemas de incentivos denominados pago por méritos, sus principales características y los objetivos de su implementación.La segunda parte expone los principales hallazgos de investigaciones desarrolladas en EUA, Alemania, Australia, Estonia, Pakistán, Argentina y México, y los efectos reportados en la productividad, la motivación y la satisfacción del profesorado.Concluye con la discusión de los aspectos críticos en la implementación y evaluación de los sistemas de pago por mérito.

Una de las principales criticas que se realiza hacia el sector educación es la remuneración de los maestros. Por ese motivo, la presente investigación busca analizar la influencia que tienen los salarios sobre el rendimiento académico, para ello, se construyó una base de datos con la información que se obtuvo de la Evaluación Censal de Estudiantes y la Encuesta Nacional a docentes para el año 2018. Además, para este análisis se aplicó un modelo de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios y se logró confirmar la hipótesis de que los salarios de los docentes influyen en el rendimiento académico. / One of the main criticisms made towards the education sector is the remuneration of teachers. For this reason, this research seeks to analyze the influence that salaries have on academic performance, for this, a database was built with the information obtained from the Census Evaluation of Students and the National Survey of Teachers for the year 2018. In addition, for this analysis an Ordinary Least Squares model was applied and the hypothesis that teachers' salaries influence academic performance was confirmed. / Trabajo de investigación

The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between level of funding and achievement of school systems in Tennessee based on the standards of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001. This study focused on Tennessee school systems and their adequate yearly progress (AYP) status of "targeted" or "good standing" from 2007 through 2009. Federal, state, and local funding, as well as per-pupil expenditure, average teacher salary, and number of students, were used as variables. All data were gathered from the Tennessee Department of Education website. The researcher performed 6 independent samples t-tests and one chi square analysis. The study showed significant differences in the means of federal, state, and local funding levels between targeted systems and systems in good standing. Targeted systems received more federal, state, and local funding than systems in good standing from 2007 through 2009. The study showed no significant difference in mean per-pupil expenditures between targeted systems and systems in good standing. The study showed a significant difference in the mean teacher salaries. Targeted systems had higher teacher salaries than systems in good standing from 2007 through 2009. The study also showed a significant difference in the mean number of students between targeted systems and systems in good standing. Targeted systems had more students than systems in good standing. The findings indicate that targeted systems are receiving as much funding as systems in good standing. To help control for the number of students in each system, the two groups (targeted and in good standing) were compared using per-pupil federal, state and local dollars. The analysis indicated no significant difference between targeted systems and systems in good standing for federal money. The analysis did indicate a significant difference between the two groups for state and local money. However, for state money systems in good standing had the higher mean and for local money, targeted systems had the higher mean. Mean per-pupil expenditures were relatively equal between targeted systems and systems in good standing. System size, based on the number of students, showed a significant relationship with the NCLB status of a system. The mean number of students in targeted systems was more than 3 times as large as systems in good standing (17,656 to 5,284). Also, a group of systems with over 4,445 students had over 5 times the number of targeted systems than a group of systems with fewer than 2,094 students.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:10:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jarbas de Paula.pdf: 1962869 bytes, checksum: b66eda51e38fe14c5dfd10219c2ad661 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-20 / This study integrates the line of research State and Education Policy of the Program of Post-graduation in Education from Faculdade de Educação, Universidade Federal de Goiás. It has as its object of study the implementation of the Minimum Wage of Professional of the Magisterium (PSPN) in public field schools of Goiás. It aims to analyze the implementation of public policy for salary enhancement and highlighting the conflicts and highlighting the conflicts and limits that permeate the boundaries of the case. Using the bibliographic and documental search, this study concern is to describe the route of PSPN since the 1988 Federal Constitution, to the approval of the Law No. 11.738/2008 and empirically analyzes its implementation in the public state of Goias in 2009 establishing a relation between the financial years of 2008 and 2010. The guiding questions of the study include the analysis of the Law of the Minimum and its relation to other legal rules, the sufficiency of the Government of Goiás for implementation from the revenue and expenditure considered for the Development of Education (MDE), the relationship with the Fund for the Development of Basic Education and Appreciation of the Teaching Profession (Fundeb), the ratio of the number of students served by the number of teachers paid by the network and how to participate in the implementation process of the minimum wage as important agents of the Union Education Workers State of Goiás (Sintego), the Court of Goiás (GO-TEC), the State Council Fundeb (Confundeb), the Legislative Assembly and the government itself. The major conflicts involving the deployment of the minimum wage in the public state of Goias refer to the way that legislation is interpreted with emphasis on the mechanism used by the government to "fulfill" the Law: to divide the minimum wage into a deployment phase, 17 monthly and update it in another stage of four monthly pareels. There is also a conflict about the value of minimum wage: CNTE and for the Sintego PSPN in 2010 would be worth R $ 1,312.00 and for the government, based on interpretation of the Attorney General of the Union (AGU), the value is R$ 1.024,00. Insufficient financial, the adequation for a Career Plan in effect, how the expenses are treated with MDE, the low student / teacher ratio in the network and competition policies to expand the student's school time are major factors limiting progress in implementation of PSPN Goiás Despite the fragmentation of its implementation the minimum wage presents as a mechanism for enhancement of teachers' payment. As the government of Goiás has not complied strictly with the established subdivision, the starting salary paid in November 2010 was R $ 1,006.25, representing a growth of 40.6% compared to February 2009. Nevertheless, disregarding the inflation period, gauged according to a real increase of more than 30%. As a recent happening it was not possible to verify whether the implementation of the minimum wage had the effect desired by the researchers who advocate this policy of upgrading of teachers' payment which, among others, is set to attract and retain good candidates for teaching, and fighting multiexpedient and underemployment. However based on the years 2009 and 2010 in which case the implementation of this policy in public state of Goias, the minimum wage appears, along with the Career Plan in force, as a promoter of better salaries for the public teaching of basic education. / Este estudo integra a linha de pesquisa Estado e Políticas Educacionais do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Faculdade de Educação, Universidade Federal de Goiás. Possui como objeto a implantação do Piso Salarial Profissional Nacional do Magistério (PSPN) na rede pública estadual de Goiás. Objetiva analisar a implantação dessa política pública de valorização salarial docente destacando os conflitos e os limites que permeiam o campo de estudo. Utilizando da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, este estudo de caso preocupa-se em descrever o itinerário do PSPN, da Constituição Federal de 1988 até a aprovação da Lei do Piso (Lei nº 11.738/2008), e analisar empiricamente sua implantação na rede pública estadual de Goiás no ano de 2009 estabelecendo relação com os exercícios financeiros de 2008 e 2010. As questões norteadoras do estudo contemplam, dentre outros, a análise da Lei do Piso e sua relação com outras normas legais, a suficiência financeira para implantação, a relação com o Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação (Fundeb) e a relação do número de alunos atendidos pelo número de professores da rede. Os principais conflitos que envolvem a implantação do Piso na rede pública estadual de Goiás referem-se à forma como a legislação é interpretada com destaque para o mecanismo utilizado pelo governo para cumprir a Lei: fragmentar a implantação do Piso em dezessete parcelas mensais e posteriormente atualizá-lo n‟outra etapa de quatro parcelas. Outro conflito refere-se ao valor do Piso: para a Confederação Nacional dos Trabalhadores em Educação (CNTE) e o Sindicato dos Trabalhadores em Educação de Goiás (Sintego), o PSPN em 2010 deveria ser de R$ 1.312,00 enquanto que para o governo do estado, tendo como referência a interpretação da Advocacia Geral da União (AGU), o valor do Piso corresponde a R$ 1.024,00. A insuficiência financeira, a adequação ao Plano de Carreira vigente, a forma como as despesas com Manutenção e Desenvolvimento do Ensino (MDE) são tratadas, a baixa proporção alunos/professor na rede e a concorrência das políticas de ampliação do tempo escolar do aluno são fatores limitadores da implantação do PSPN em Goiás. Apesar do parcelamento de sua implantação, o Piso se apresenta como mecanismo de valorização salarial do magistério. Como o governo de Goiás não cumpriu rigorosamente o parcelamento estabelecido, o vencimento inicial pago em novembro de 2010 foi de R$ 1.006,25, mesmo assim representando um crescimento de 40,6% em relação a fevereiro de 2009 onde, desprezando a inflação do período, pode-se aferir um aumento real superior a 30%. Por ser recente, não foi possível verificar se a implantação do Piso teve o efeito desejado pelos pesquisadores que defendem essa política de valorização salarial do magistério que, dentre outros, consta atrair e manter bons candidatos à docência e combater a multijornada e o subemprego. Entretanto, baseando-se em 2009 e 2010 quando acontece sua implantação na rede pública estadual goiana, o Piso aparece, aliado ao Plano de Carreira vigente, como indutor de melhoria salarial para o magistério público da educação básica.

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