Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / This research deals with the variation of future tense with gerund forms in the Portuguese spoken in Fortaleza, from data of speakers of three different professions, collected by means of sociolinguistic interviews: salesmen, teachers and telemarketing workers. This phenomenon presents six variants: a) the imminent periphrastic simple future, b) the imminent periphrastic extended future - that compose the imminent future variable; c) the medium periphrastic simple future, d) the medium periphrastic extended future - that compose the medium future variable; e) the resultative periphrastic simple future, and f) the resultative periphrastic extended future - that compose the resultative future variable. We also consider a definition of gerundismo based on form, aspect, modality and temporal criteria. The theoretical referential is composed by the association of postulates of the Sociolinguistics Analysis and the Linguistic Functionalism, resulting in the theoretical configuration of the Sociofuncionalismo, considered by Tavares (2003). The analysis is performed in four stages: in the first one, we analyze the variants of imminent future; after that, the variants of medium future; later, the variants of resultative future and, finally, a section is dedicated for analysis of the variant called gerundismo. Results confirm that the phenomenon under study is influenced by factors of distinct nature: social factors, such as sex and profession of speakers and linguistic factors as type of the verb (auxiliary or modal verbs) and presence of one mark of future tense. / Esta dissertaÃÃo trata da variaÃÃo de tempo futuro no portuguÃs falado em Fortaleza codificado por perÃfrases gerundivas, a partir de dados de fala de informantes de trÃs diferentes Ãreas de atuaÃÃo, coletados por meio de entrevistas sociolinguÃsticas: vendedores, professores e operadores de telemarketing. Esse fenÃmeno apresenta seis variantes: a) futuro iminente perifrÃstico simples, b) futuro iminente perifrÃstico estendido â que compÃem a subvariÃvel futuro iminente; c) futuro mÃdio perifrÃstico simples, d) futuro mÃdio perifrÃstico estendido â que compÃem a subvariÃvel futuro mÃdio; e) futuro resultativo perifrÃstico simples e f) futuro resultativo perifrÃstico estendido â que compÃem a subvariÃvel futuro resultativo. Trata-se tambÃm da variante denominada gerundismo para a qual propomos uma definiÃÃo baseada em critÃrios tais como forma, aspecto, modalidade e natureza temporal. O referencial teÃrico à composto pela associaÃÃo de postulados da SociolinguÃstica Variacionista e do Funcionalismo LinguÃstico, resultando na configuraÃÃo teÃrica do Sociofuncionalismo, proposto por Tavares (2003). A anÃlise à feita em quatro etapas: na primeira, analisamos as variantes de futuro iminente; em seguida, as variantes de futuro mÃdio, depois, as variantes de futuro resultativo e, por Ãltimo, à dedicada uma seÃÃo para anÃlise da variante denominada gerundismo. Os resultados confirmam que o fenÃmeno em estudo à influenciado por fatores de uma natureza distinta: fatores sociais, tais como o sexo e a profissÃo dos falantes e fatores linguÃsticos como o tipo do verbo (verbos auxiliares ou modais) e presenÃa de uma marca de tempo futuro.

<p>Abstract</p><p>This study investigates variable past tense marking patterns in an emerging variety of N.C. Hispanic English (n=44) spoken by language learners at three Length of Residency (LOR) groups in three schools in Durham, NC in terms of 1. lexical semantics (Andersen & Shirai 1996, Bayley 1999), 2. frequency (Guy & Erker 2012) 3. discourse structure (Bardovi-Harlig 1998) and 4. verb class and phonological environment (Wolfram 1985, Bayley 1994). Statistical results show significant effects of verb class, lexical aspect, and frequency and interacting effects of verb class and frequency (specifically, suppletives like copula are simultaneously highly frequent and highly phonetically salient). A subsample coded for the discourse factor shows some evidence for the correlation of copula and backgrounding function. A separate analysis of consonant cluster reduction patterns (CCR) demonstrates dialect acquisition of variable constraints (e.g. in terms of N.C. AAVE), namely phonological environment (_C > _V) and morphemic status (monomorpheme > bimorpheme). Pedagogical applications are discussed, including accurately identifying English Language Learners (ELLs) in the context of local/regional accommodation.</p> / Dissertation

I den här avhandlingen studeras Europeiska kommissionens kommunikativa praktiker i ljuset av de pressmeddelanden som dagligen distribueras till världens största presskår i Bryssel, men också via internet till andra journalister och allmänheten. Övergripande syften med avhandlingen är att beskriva textproduktionen i denna en av världens största textproducenter och att lyfta fram den, hittills förvånansvärt osynliga, språkliga dimensionen av kommissionens kommunikation. Avhandlingen tar avstamp i ett dialogiskt perspektiv på kommunikation, där kommunikation förstås som en dynamisk process i vilken människor (sam)agerar i ett givet sammanhang. Avgörande blir således att se pressmeddelandena som en del av den produktions- och distributionskontext de ingår i, både på lokal nivå och på en mer övergripande institutionell nivå. Empiriskt bygger avhandlingen på fältstudier vid Europeiska kommissionen och textanalyser av pressmeddelanden från kommissionen och från franska och svenska departement. Pressmeddelandena studeras både som process och produkt: formuleringsprocesser å ena sidan och textmönster och tempusbruk å den andra. Som ett exempel detaljstuderas produktionen av två pressmeddelanden mot bakgrund av skribenternas förklaringar och motiveringar till sina ändringar. Med sin unika inblick i hur ett pressmeddelande blir till steg för steg och av olika aktörer utgör denna del ett viktigt bidrag till forskningen om pressmeddelanden, som först på senare år blivit mer processinriktad. De olika delstudierna ger alla vid handen att kommissionen, enkelt uttryckt, måste arbeta mer för att underbygga sin argumentation och för att göra sina initiativ mer begripliga, legitima och motiverade. Detta kan i stor utsträckning tillskrivas den mer komplicerade kommunikationssituationen som gäller för kommissionen i förhållande till de nationella departement som är jämförelsematerial i studien. / The thesis investigates the European Commission’s communicative practices in the light of the press releases that are distributed daily to the world’s largest press corps in Brussels and on the Internet to other journalists and the general public. The overall aim of the thesis is to describe the text production of one of the largest text producers in the world and to highlight the linguistic dimensions of the Commission’s communicative practices, which until now have received little scholarly attention. The study adopts a dialogical perspective on communication, where communication is understood as a dynamic process in which people interact in a given context. This means that the press releases are seen as parts of the production and distribution context in which they are embedded, both on a local level and on a more general institutional level. The empirical data on which the study is based comprise field studies at the European Commission and text analyses of press releases issued by the Commission and French and Swedish ministries. The press releases are analysed on different linguistic levels, text pattern and the use of tense, on the one hand, and composition processes on the other. As an example, the production of two press releases is studied in detail, in view of the authors’ comments to and motivations for changes to the texts. With its unique insight into how a press release is drafted step by step and by the different parties involved this part of the thesis is an important contribution to research on press releases, which only recently has become more oriented towards the production process. The results of the analyses highlight the fact that the Commission, to a greater extent than the national ministries, must substantiate its argumentation and make its initiatives more comprehensible, legitimate, and motivated. This finding may be ascribed to the more complex communication situation of the Commission, compared to the national ministries, which served as material for comparison in the study.

TORRES, Fábio Fernandes. O gerúndio na expressão de tempo futuro: um estudo sociofuncionalista. 2009. 182f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Linguística) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza-CE, 2009. / Submitted by nazareno mesquita (nazagon36@yahoo.com.br) on 2012-07-09T14:50:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_diss__FFTorres.pdf: 936413 bytes, checksum: af8572e4e47a77d1dfe23b3cfa452ead (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-08-02T14:46:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_diss__FFTorres.pdf: 936413 bytes, checksum: af8572e4e47a77d1dfe23b3cfa452ead (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-08-02T14:46:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_diss__FFTorres.pdf: 936413 bytes, checksum: af8572e4e47a77d1dfe23b3cfa452ead (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / This research deals with the variation of future tense with gerund forms in the Portuguese spoken in Fortaleza, from data of speakers of three different professions, collected by means of sociolinguistic interviews: salesmen, teachers and telemarketing workers. This phenomenon presents six variants: a) the imminent periphrastic simple future, b) the imminent periphrastic extended future - that compose the imminent future variable; c) the medium periphrastic simple future, d) the medium periphrastic extended future - that compose the medium future variable; e) the resultative periphrastic simple future, and f) the resultative periphrastic extended future - that compose the resultative future variable. We also consider a definition of gerundismo based on form, aspect, modality and temporal criteria. The theoretical referential is composed by the association of postulates of the Sociolinguistics Analysis and the Linguistic Functionalism, resulting in the theoretical configuration of the Sociofuncionalismo, considered by Tavares (2003). The analysis is performed in four stages: in the first one, we analyze the variants of imminent future; after that, the variants of medium future; later, the variants of resultative future and, finally, a section is dedicated for analysis of the variant called gerundismo. Results confirm that the phenomenon under study is influenced by factors of distinct nature: social factors, such as sex and profession of speakers and linguistic factors as type of the verb (auxiliary or modal verbs) and presence of one mark of future tense. / Esta dissertação trata da variação de tempo futuro no português falado em Fortaleza codificado por perífrases gerundivas, a partir de dados de fala de informantes de três diferentes áreas de atuação, coletados por meio de entrevistas sociolinguísticas: vendedores, professores e operadores de telemarketing. Esse fenômeno apresenta seis variantes: a) futuro iminente perifrástico simples, b) futuro iminente perifrástico estendido – que compõem a subvariável futuro iminente; c) futuro médio perifrástico simples, d) futuro médio perifrástico estendido – que compõem a subvariável futuro médio; e) futuro resultativo perifrástico simples e f) futuro resultativo perifrástico estendido – que compõem a subvariável futuro resultativo. Trata-se também da variante denominada gerundismo para a qual propomos uma definição baseada em critérios tais como forma, aspecto, modalidade e natureza temporal. O referencial teórico é composto pela associação de postulados da Sociolinguística Variacionista e do Funcionalismo Linguístico, resultando na configuração teórica do Sociofuncionalismo, proposto por Tavares (2003). A análise é feita em quatro etapas: na primeira, analisamos as variantes de futuro iminente; em seguida, as variantes de futuro médio, depois, as variantes de futuro resultativo e, por último, é dedicada uma seção para análise da variante denominada gerundismo. Os resultados confirmam que o fenômeno em estudo é influenciado por fatores de uma natureza distinta: fatores sociais, tais como o sexo e a profissão dos falantes e fatores linguísticos como o tipo do verbo (verbos auxiliares ou modais) e presença de uma marca de tempo futuro.