<p> <p>&nbsp / </p> </p> <p align="left">Within a context of rapid technological change and shifting market conditions, the South African education system is challenged with providing increased education opportunities without increased budgets. Many educational institutions are answering the challenge without increased budgets. Several educational institutions are answering the challenge by developing distance education programs through information technology, but in the case of one institution, strategic intentions involving information technology and distance learning have not been fulfilled. At its most basic level, distance education takes place when a teacher and student(s) are separated by physical distance. Technology, often in combination with face-to-face communication, can be used to bridge instructional gaps. It can be argued that modes of teaching and learning are changing, and we must redefine what is meant by the word &ldquo / student&rdquo / . For example: what should we really call an adult involved in life long learning? The term &ldquo / student&rdquo / seems inappropriate. These types of programs can provide adults with a second chance at tertiary education, reach those disadvantaged by limited time, distance or physical disability, and update the knowledge base of workers at their places of employment. The aim of this research is to determine and understand the growing role of information technology in promoting quality assurance in higher education, and in expanding the education opportunities and workplace learning through the use of distance learning. This work investigates how distance learning can be improved by making use of IT with <font face="Times-Roman" size="3">particular regard to the underprivileged, and the potential contribution to national transformation. This is summarized in the research question: </font><i><font face="Times-Italic" size="3"><font face="Times-Italic" size="3">&ldquo / How can we improve distance learning in South Africa with emerging technologies?&rdquo / </font></font><font face="Times-Roman" size="3">&nbsp / review of the literature, interviews with experts, and reviews of conference papers provided the principle inputs. The academic literatures were supplemented by studies of papers from the Department of Education and other non-academic sources. Based on the reading of the literature, and the views of experts, questionnaires and field experiments were designed and applied to a statistically significant population of respondents. A combination of statistical analysis and content analysis of open questions from the questionnaires lead to comparative evidence about different learning styles and different communities of learners, and the extent to which different learning styles are effective for the different kinds of learners.</font></i></p>

Magister Commercii - MCom / Within a context of rapid technological change and shifting market conditions, the South African education system is challenged with providing increased education opportunities without increased budgets. Many educational institutions are answering the challenge without increased budgets. Several educational institutions are answering the challenge by developing distance education programs through information technology, but in the case of one institution, strategic intentions involving information technology and distance learning have not been fulfilled. At its most basic level, distance education takes place when a teacher and student(s) are separated by physical distance. Technology, often in combination with face-to-face communication, can be used to bridge instructional gaps. It can be argued that modes of teaching and learning are changing, and we must redefine what is meant by the word “student”. For example: what should we really call an adult involved in life long learning? The term “student” seems inappropriate. These types of programs can provide adults with a second chance at tertiary education, reach those disadvantaged by limited time, distance or physical disability, and update the knowledge base of workers at their places of employment. The aim of this research is to determine and understand the growing role of information technology in promoting quality assurance in higher education, and in expanding the education opportunities and workplace learning through the use of distance learning. This work investigates how distance learning can be improved by making use of IT with particular regard to the underprivileged, and the potential contribution to national transformation. This is summarized in the research question: “How can we improve distance learning in South Africa with emerging technologies?” review of the literature, interviews with experts, and reviews of conference papers provided the principle inputs. The academic literatures were supplemented by studies of papers from the Department of Education and other non-academic sources. Based on the reading of the literature, and the views of experts, questionnaires and field experiments were designed and applied to a statistically significant population of respondents. A combination of statistical analysis and content analysis of open questions from the questionnaires lead to comparative evidence about different learning styles and different communities of learners, and the extent to which different learning styles are effective for the different kinds of learners.

Leadership is a problematic topic at universities and it is therefore difficult to isolate a leadership theory that is applicable to Heads of Department (HODs). The manner in which HODs construe their leadership roles is the focus of this research project and the study is conducted from a constructivist perspective The university context in which HODs lead is explored in the literature overview. Definitions of leadership, general leadership theories and leadership issues in academe are investigated. The research findings are integrated into a leadership model for HODs, consisting of constructs (leadership behaviours, actions and values) and elements (leadership situations). The following contributions are made by the study: * The variety roles an HOD has to fulfil is confirmed by the study. However, this study indicates that leadership is interwoven with everything an HOD undertakes. * HODs construct their roles uniquely, but in general terms most HODs consider academic and scholarly work (own and that of the department) as part of the leadership role they fulfil. Leadership at HOD level at university incorporates both managerial and leadership ideas. * HODs consider their leadership environment to have qualities of the following known university environments: collegial, enterprise, bureaucratic and corporate. * This study identifies eight leadership themes with reference to the leadership role of an HOD at university; providing academic guidance, being a figurehead, determining the strategy and positioning the department, liaising with internal and external stakeholders, being a change agent, being a general manager, and being involved in student and staff relations. The following leadership themes can be added to the current body of literature: being a figurehead, own scholarly profile, as well as being involved in staff and student relations. Leadership at academic departments is at the heart of everything in which an HOD is involved. Leadership is thus becoming indispensable at academic departments at university. / Industrial & Organisational Psychology) / D. Com. (Consulting Psychology)

Text in Afrikaans / Die doel van die onderhawige studie is onder meer om loopbaanorientering aan die tersiere student (BSc Agric) teoreties te fundeer. 'n Uitgebreide Europese studiereis is ondemeem met die doel om bestaande loopbaanorienteringsprogramme aan tersiere instansies, veral universiteite, te ondersoek en die effektiwiteit daarvan te evalueer ten einde voortreflikhede te implementeer. In hierdie studie word die loopbaanorienteringsprogram vir BSc (Agric)studente aan die Universiteit van Pretoria wat reeds in 1994 ontwerp en ge'implementeer is, beskryf sowel as die behoeftepeiling wat onder BSc (Agric)-studente (voor en na die implementering van die program), en vennote in die landboubedryf gedoen is. 'n Verdere doel met die studie is om 'n wetenskaplik verantwoorde loopbaanorienteringsverrykingsprogram vir BSc (Agric)-studente aan die Universiteit van Pretoria te begrond, te ontwerp, die implementering daarvan te beskryf en die resultate daarvan te evalueer. Daar is gepoog om beide loopbaanontwikkelings- en studente-ontwikkelingsteoriee te beskryf en uit te le as fundering vir 'n verantwoorde loopbaanorienteringsverrykingsprogram vir tersiere studente. 'n Oorsig en perspektief is gebied op bestaande loopbaanorienteringsprogramme en -inisiatiewe in 'n intemasionale, nasionale en plaaslike konteks. Die verskynsel van die snelveranderende wereld-van-werk is literatuurmatig gepresiseer en die implikasies uitgewys vir die opleiding van en loopbaanorientering aan die student in die Landbouwetenskap. 'n Behoeftepeiling van loopbaan (en lewens-)kundighedeen vaardighede waaroor graduandi moet beskik is gedoen onder BSc (Agric)-studente (v66r en mi programimplementering) en onder vennote in die landboubedryf. Die ontwikkeling, beslaggewing en ,evaluering van 'n loopbaanorienteringsverrykingsprogram vir BSc (Agric)-studente is beskryf en toegelig. 'n Samevatting van die studie is gegee met enkele gemotiveerde aanbevelings wat uit die navorsing voortvloei. Voorstelle is gemaak vir die inisiering van 'n loopbaansentrum vir studente van die Universiteit van Pretoria. / The aim of this study is amongst others to lay the theoretical foundation of career orientation for BSc (Agric)-students. An extensive European study tour was undertaken with the aim of investigating and evaluating existing career orientation programmes and/or student enrichment endeavours at the various tertiary institutions especially universities. The effectiveness of these programmes was evaluated with the aim of utilizing and implementing aspects of them. In this study the career orientation enrichment programme for BSc (Agric)-students that was already designed and implemented at the University of Pretoria in 1994, is described. The needs of the BSc (Agric)-students before and after the implementation of this programme were determined as well as those of the partners in the agricultural industry. Another aim of this study is to describe the foundation, design and implementation of a scientific, accountable career orientation enrichment programme for BSc (Agric)-students at the University of Pretoria and to evaluate the outcome thereof. The various career development and student development theories are elucidated and described as a foundation for an accountable career orientation enrichment programme for tertiary students. An overview is given of career orientation programmes and initiatives in an international, national and local context. The phenomenon of the fast changing world-ofwork is described and defined more precisely through a literature study with reference to the implications for the training of and career orientation regarding the student in the Science of Agriculture. An investigation was done of the career (and life-) skills that graduates have to attain. The needs and views of BSc (Agric)-students (before and after the programme implementation) and partners in the agricultural industry were extracted. A summary is given of the arguments put forward in this thesis together with some recommendations that have emerged from this research. Proposals are made for the initiation of a career centre for students at the University of Pretoria. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Sielkundige Opvoedkunde)

Magister Library and Information Studies - MLIS / Although Resource Description and Access (RDA) has been discussed extensively amongst the ranks of cataloguers internationally, no research on the perceptions of South African cataloguers was available at the time of this research. The aim of this study was to determine how well RDA was faring during the study's timeframe, to give a detailed description regarding cataloguer perceptions within a higher education setting in South Africa. Furthermore, to determine whether the implementation of RDA has overcome most of the limitations that AACR2 had within a digital environment, to identify advantages and/or perceived limitations of RDA as well as to assist cataloguers to adopt and implement the new standard effectively. The study employed a qualitative research design assisted by a phenomenological philosophy to gain insight into how cataloguers experienced the implementation and adoption of RDA by means of two concurrent web-based questionnaires. The study concluded that higher education cataloguing professionals residing in the Western Cape were decidedly positive towards the new cataloguing standard. Although there were some initial reservations, they were overcome to such an extent that ultimately no real limitations were identified, and that RDA has indeed overcome most of the limitations displayed by AACR2. Many advantages of RDA were identified, and participants expressed excitement about the future capabilities of RDA as it continues toward a link-data milieu, making library metadata more easily available.

Thesis (MPhil (Industrial Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / The number of people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide is estimated at 42 million. HIV/AIDS is one of the leading causes of death in Sub-Saharan Africa. HIV/AIDS has reached epidemic proportions in South Africa and has serious consequences for individuals as well as for South Africa’s health resources and economy. In the light of the pandemic the understanding and planning for HIV/AIDS is of increasing importance, particular with reference to a subgroup of the South African population, its youth. The aim of this study is to analyse the knowledge, awareness and perception levels of undergraduate students at the University of Stellenbosch regarding HIV/AIDS. Close-ended questions on a 4-point Lickert scale was electronically submitted through the e-learning system, WebCT to 800 randomly selected students of whom 206 completed it. Results indicated that students had a high awareness and perception level about HIV/AIDS. However students obtained a low percentage on questions relating to their factual knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Recommendations for future research in the area of HIV/AIDS within the context of tertiary education are proposed.

Leadership is a problematic topic at universities and it is therefore difficult to isolate a leadership theory that is applicable to Heads of Department (HODs). The manner in which HODs construe their leadership roles is the focus of this research project and the study is conducted from a constructivist perspective The university context in which HODs lead is explored in the literature overview. Definitions of leadership, general leadership theories and leadership issues in academe are investigated. The research findings are integrated into a leadership model for HODs, consisting of constructs (leadership behaviours, actions and values) and elements (leadership situations). The following contributions are made by the study: * The variety roles an HOD has to fulfil is confirmed by the study. However, this study indicates that leadership is interwoven with everything an HOD undertakes. * HODs construct their roles uniquely, but in general terms most HODs consider academic and scholarly work (own and that of the department) as part of the leadership role they fulfil. Leadership at HOD level at university incorporates both managerial and leadership ideas. * HODs consider their leadership environment to have qualities of the following known university environments: collegial, enterprise, bureaucratic and corporate. * This study identifies eight leadership themes with reference to the leadership role of an HOD at university; providing academic guidance, being a figurehead, determining the strategy and positioning the department, liaising with internal and external stakeholders, being a change agent, being a general manager, and being involved in student and staff relations. The following leadership themes can be added to the current body of literature: being a figurehead, own scholarly profile, as well as being involved in staff and student relations. Leadership at academic departments is at the heart of everything in which an HOD is involved. Leadership is thus becoming indispensable at academic departments at university. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology) / D. Com. (Consulting Psychology)

Magister Library and Information Studies - MLIS / Although Resource Description and Access (RDA) has been discussed extensively amongst the ranks of cataloguers internationally, no research on the perceptions of South African cataloguers was available at the time of this research. The aim of this study was to determine how well RDA was faring during the study's timeframe, to give a detailed description regarding cataloguer perceptions within a higher education setting in South Africa. Furthermore, to determine whether the implementation of RDA has overcome most of the limitations that AACR2 had within a digital environment, to identify advantages and/or perceived limitations of RDA as well as to assist cataloguers to adopt and implement the new standard effectively. The study employed a qualitative research design assisted by a phenomenological philosophy to gain insight into how cataloguers experienced the implementation and adoption of RDA by means of two concurrent web-based questionnaires. The study concluded that higher education cataloguing professionals residing in the Western Cape were decidedly positive towards the new cataloguing standard. Although there were some initial reservations, they were overcome to such an extent that ultimately no real limitations were identified, and that RDA has indeed overcome most of the limitations displayed by AACR2. Many advantages of RDA were identified, and participants expressed excitement about the future capabilities of RDA as it continues toward a link-data milieu, making library metadata more easily available. As this research has revealed a distinctly positive attitude from cataloguers' two main matters for future research remains, being: ? Why South African participants in this study voiced almost no perceived limitations to RDA as a cataloguing standard. Future research might be able to relay information regarding this trend, especially in the light that it was not a global phenomenon. ? A deeper look might have to be taken at how participants' experienced RDA training as this phenomenon might be closely linked to the reasons why the participants did not mention more limitations.

Text in Afrikaans / Die doel van die onderhawige studie is onder meer om loopbaanorientering aan die tersiere student (BSc Agric) teoreties te fundeer. 'n Uitgebreide Europese studiereis is ondemeem met die doel om bestaande loopbaanorienteringsprogramme aan tersiere instansies, veral universiteite, te ondersoek en die effektiwiteit daarvan te evalueer ten einde voortreflikhede te implementeer. In hierdie studie word die loopbaanorienteringsprogram vir BSc (Agric)studente aan die Universiteit van Pretoria wat reeds in 1994 ontwerp en ge'implementeer is, beskryf sowel as die behoeftepeiling wat onder BSc (Agric)-studente (voor en na die implementering van die program), en vennote in die landboubedryf gedoen is. 'n Verdere doel met die studie is om 'n wetenskaplik verantwoorde loopbaanorienteringsverrykingsprogram vir BSc (Agric)-studente aan die Universiteit van Pretoria te begrond, te ontwerp, die implementering daarvan te beskryf en die resultate daarvan te evalueer. Daar is gepoog om beide loopbaanontwikkelings- en studente-ontwikkelingsteoriee te beskryf en uit te le as fundering vir 'n verantwoorde loopbaanorienteringsverrykingsprogram vir tersiere studente. 'n Oorsig en perspektief is gebied op bestaande loopbaanorienteringsprogramme en -inisiatiewe in 'n intemasionale, nasionale en plaaslike konteks. Die verskynsel van die snelveranderende wereld-van-werk is literatuurmatig gepresiseer en die implikasies uitgewys vir die opleiding van en loopbaanorientering aan die student in die Landbouwetenskap. 'n Behoeftepeiling van loopbaan (en lewens-)kundighedeen vaardighede waaroor graduandi moet beskik is gedoen onder BSc (Agric)-studente (v66r en mi programimplementering) en onder vennote in die landboubedryf. Die ontwikkeling, beslaggewing en ,evaluering van 'n loopbaanorienteringsverrykingsprogram vir BSc (Agric)-studente is beskryf en toegelig. 'n Samevatting van die studie is gegee met enkele gemotiveerde aanbevelings wat uit die navorsing voortvloei. Voorstelle is gemaak vir die inisiering van 'n loopbaansentrum vir studente van die Universiteit van Pretoria. / The aim of this study is amongst others to lay the theoretical foundation of career orientation for BSc (Agric)-students. An extensive European study tour was undertaken with the aim of investigating and evaluating existing career orientation programmes and/or student enrichment endeavours at the various tertiary institutions especially universities. The effectiveness of these programmes was evaluated with the aim of utilizing and implementing aspects of them. In this study the career orientation enrichment programme for BSc (Agric)-students that was already designed and implemented at the University of Pretoria in 1994, is described. The needs of the BSc (Agric)-students before and after the implementation of this programme were determined as well as those of the partners in the agricultural industry. Another aim of this study is to describe the foundation, design and implementation of a scientific, accountable career orientation enrichment programme for BSc (Agric)-students at the University of Pretoria and to evaluate the outcome thereof. The various career development and student development theories are elucidated and described as a foundation for an accountable career orientation enrichment programme for tertiary students. An overview is given of career orientation programmes and initiatives in an international, national and local context. The phenomenon of the fast changing world-ofwork is described and defined more precisely through a literature study with reference to the implications for the training of and career orientation regarding the student in the Science of Agriculture. An investigation was done of the career (and life-) skills that graduates have to attain. The needs and views of BSc (Agric)-students (before and after the programme implementation) and partners in the agricultural industry were extracted. A summary is given of the arguments put forward in this thesis together with some recommendations that have emerged from this research. Proposals are made for the initiation of a career centre for students at the University of Pretoria. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Sielkundige Opvoedkunde)

BACKGROUND: Harmful drinking among students in tertiary institutions has become a major public health issue worldwide. Botswana is among the countries that are experiencing this problem. Abuse of alcohol amongst students is linked to road crushes, intentional and unintentional injuries, raping and an array of communicable diseases notably HIV/AIDS. Drinking among students could be a function of personal and environmental factors. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to identify factors that are consistent with abuse of alcohol among students in tertiary institutions in Gaborone. METHOD: This is a quantitative, non-experimental, cross sectional descriptive study. Data were collected from a sample of students in tertiary institutions. SPSS was used for the analysis of data. RESULTS: The study has revealed hazardous drinking among students. The use of alcohol was predicted on demographic, psychological and environmental factors of respondents. Influence from a close friend, year level of study and area of residence were correlates of drinking among students. Institution based educational interventions that focus on building leadership skills of students are critical in addressing issues of alcohol in tertiary institutions. Statutory measures are necessary to limit students’ access to alcohol. CONCLUSION: The study has identified factors that are related to abuse of alcohol among students. The findings could be used to strengthen evidence based planning and implementation of interventions for tackling issues of alcohol in tertiary institutions. There is a need for future research on this area using qualitative approach. / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)