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Bag-of-words deception detection systems outperform humans, but are still not always accurate enough to be useful. In interrogation settings, present models do not take into account potential influence of the words in a question on the words in the answer. According to the theory of verbal mimicry, this ought to exist. We show with our research that it does exist: certain words in a question can "prompt" other words in the answer. However, the effect is receiver-state-dependent. Deceptive and truthful subjects in archival data respond to prompting in different ways. We can improve the accuracy of a bag-of-words deception model by training a machine learning algorithm on both question words and answer words, allowing it to pick up on differences in the relationships between these words. This approach should generalize to other bag-of-words models of psychological states in dialogues. / Thesis (Master, Computing) -- Queen's University, 2012-12-17 14:42:19.707

Text messages can encourage people to carry out their plans, but it is unknown if text messages can encourage people to form plans. The primary objective of our study was to determine whether text messages could promote physical activity plan formation. We determined if text messages about planning increased planning more than text messages about physical activity. We examined whether messages tailored to suit the individual message recipient were especially effective in encouraging planning. Furthermore, we determined if planning was maintained over time. The secondary objective of the study was to determine whether text messages about planning could promote physical activity and strengthen the physical activity intention-behaviour relationship. Participants were inactive adults (n=239, Mage=30.7±4.8yrs) with access to email and text messaging. Participants received generic messages about physical activity, generic messages about planning, or tailored messages about planning. Each week for two months, participants were emailed a tool to plan their physical activity. Whether participants used this tool was assessed at baseline (T0), after one month of receiving text messages (T1) and after an additional month without text messages (T2). There were no differences in planning between groups that received messages about planning or physical activity at T1 or T2, ps>.05. More participants who received tailored text messages about planning made at least one plan by T1 than participants who received generic messages about planning, χ2(1)=3.889, p<.05. This difference did not persist at T2, p>.05. For all groups, planning was maintained from T0 to T1, ps>.05, but decreased from T1 to T2, McNemars χ2(1)>17.455, ps<.001. Physical activity increased over the intervention, ps<.05, but there were no differences in physical activity between groups over time, ps>.05. The strength of the intention-behaviour relationship did not differ between participants who planned and those who did not, p>.05. There seems to be little advantage to sending messages about planning relative to messages about physical activity for persuading planning behaviour. Regardless of content of the messages, planning may not be sustained over time. / Thesis (Master, Kinesiology & Health Studies) -- Queen's University, 2013-09-10 19:03:41.566

Studies of childhood bereavement suggest that communication is a crucial issue for adults and for children (Silverman and Worden, 1993). Closed communication seems to be a ‘natural’ adult response and this seems to be shared by some professionals. This study was designed to explore aspects of communication between adults and children experiencing loss or impending loss. The study consisted of five investigations: 1) An analysis of narratives obtained in interviews with 4 adults bereaved in childhood; 2) An exploration of 8 narratives illustrating the theme of children’s grief in literature; 3) An exploration of communication strategies used by 6 counsellors working with bereaved children; 4) An exploration of 6 counsellors’ communication strategies obtained by interviews with counsellors and volunteers and 5)An evaluation of a support programme using qualitative data from brief interviews with 24 participating children, attending 2 distinct, age appropriate, groups. A semiotic analysis of texts culled from the investigations was carried out. In Investigations 1 and 2, it was established that silence functioned as a sign whilst, unsurprisingly, the investigations in which counsellors’ communication was analysed (3 and 4) showed that empathy and dialogue were central. The specific question addressed in the first investigation was whether closed communication had operated in the lives of bereaved children who are now adults and, in the second, whether this is found across generations and cultures. The findings in both cases gave an affirmative answer. The evaluation of group support for 24 children suggested that the programme had been helpful in resolving shorter term effects of loss and lends some support to the notion of ‘Continuing Bonds’. The research question formulated for the study was: What psychological tools, including signs, operate in adult-child communication in this context. The main finding was that both open and closed styles of communication are employed.

Diskussioner kring pojkars skolresultat har i ett drygt decennium förts både i Sverige och i de övriga nordiska länderna (Anderssson, 2014, s. 15). Pojkar anses vara de som får lägre betyg och de som i lägre grad går vidare till högre studier efter avslutad obligatorisk skolgång (Andersson, 2014, s. 15). Uppsatsen har tagit inspiration av Anderssons (2014) avhandling om pojkars skrivkompetenser. Syftet med denna undersökning har varit att beskriva, analysera och tolka tio pojkars vikingaberättelser. Vikingaberättelserna är skrivna under min sista VFU period. Undersökningens frågeställningar handlar om hur texterna följer strukturen för hur en narrativ text ska vara uppbyggd, hur pojkarna använder intertextualitet i sina narrativa texter samt hur de visar mottagarmedvetenhet i sina texter. Analysen har gjorts med hjälp av de teoretiska utgångspunkterna i denna studie. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna i studien är narrativ text, intertextualitet samt mottagarmedvetenhet. Resultatet visar att samtliga pojkar uppfyller kraven för hur en narrativ text ska vara uppbyggd och de visar även intertextualiteter och mottagarmedvetenhet i sina texter.

I mitt projekt har jag undersökt hur jag kan hitta nya ingångar till att göra bild på. Jag har gjort detta genom att använda mig av en bok som utgångspunkt – vilka nya ingångar till bild kan ett så rikt textmaterial ge? Hur kan jag förhålla mig till textmaterialet och utifrån det hitta nya och oväntade ingångar till att göra bild på? Projektet behandlar också till viss del att hitta tillbaks till en borttappad skaparglädje, och resulterade i sammanlagt tio illustrationer / bilder. Textmaterialet ledde mig in i en bildvärld som behandlar och bearbetar min uppväxt och var jag kommer från. Minnesbilder från Öhn utanför Strömsund i Jämtland hos min morfar där jag tillbringade mycket tid som barn. I bilderna finns saknad och längtan, trygghet och rädsla, skräck, drömmar, avsked och minnen. Och en fascination för naturen.

Causality is an expression of the interactions between variables in a system. Humans often explicitly express causal relations through natural language, so extracting these relations can provide insight into how a system functions. This thesis presents a system that uses a grammar parser to extract causes and effects from unstructured text through a simple, pre-defined grammar pattern. By filtering out non-causal sentences before the extraction process begins, the presented methodology is able to achieve a precision of 85.91% and a recall of 73.99%. The polarity of the extracted relations is then classified using a Fisher classifier. The result is a set of directed relations of causes and effects, with polarity as either increasing or decreasing. These relations can then be used to create networks of causes and effects. This “Causal-Association Network” (CAN) can be used to aid decision-making in complex domains such as economics or medicine, that rely upon dynamic interactions between many variables.

<p>Jag har i mitt examensarbete skapat ett säljande, målgruppsanpassat informationsmaterial enligt god informationsdesign till min uppdragsgivare Emhart Teknik AB. Materialet beskriver och informerar om ett system för bromsbandsbyte och består av två annonser, ett kundutskick, informationsbroschyr samt ett pressmeddelande. Med hjälp av texter och grafisk form har jag skapat ett strukturerat innehåll för att uppnå hög läsbarhet och läslighet. Syftet med materialet är att väcka uppmärksamhet och skapa intresse för produkten hos målgruppen.</p><p> </p><p>Denna rapport redogör för de teorier och metoder jag använt mig av för att utarbeta detta material. Den avser även att beskriva den process jag genomgick vid planering och framställning av materialet.</p>

Jag har i mitt examensarbete skapat ett säljande, målgruppsanpassat informationsmaterial enligt god informationsdesign till min uppdragsgivare Emhart Teknik AB. Materialet beskriver och informerar om ett system för bromsbandsbyte och består av två annonser, ett kundutskick, informationsbroschyr samt ett pressmeddelande. Med hjälp av texter och grafisk form har jag skapat ett strukturerat innehåll för att uppnå hög läsbarhet och läslighet. Syftet med materialet är att väcka uppmärksamhet och skapa intresse för produkten hos målgruppen.   Denna rapport redogör för de teorier och metoder jag använt mig av för att utarbeta detta material. Den avser även att beskriva den process jag genomgick vid planering och framställning av materialet.