Previous experimental and theoretical results indicate that the keys to successful radial lip seals are the surface characteristics of the shaft and the microasperity pattern that develops due to wear on the elastomer. In this study, the lip seal was tested against five different patterns of shaft surface: plain stainless steel, triangular cavities oriented towards air, triangular cavities oriented towards oil, triangular cavities leading and triangular cavities lagging. Using Zygo optical profilometer and scanning electron microscope, a thorough surface characterization of the micro-asperities and microcavities is done on the lip seal elastomer. Correlation coefficients were calculated between the surface parameters of the final shaft surface and elastomer. Although both the surface characteristics of the shaft and the micro-asperities that develop on the elastomer sealing zone are responsible for a successful operation of the lip seal, the deterministic triangular micro-cavity patterns created on the shaft surface dominated the pumping direction with a large variability in the pumping rate. This variability is due to the elastomer wear in. This study also finds a significant correlation between the axial position of minimum roughness on the sealing zone of the elastomer and the pumping rate of the lip seals.

Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on July 29, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-110). Also issued in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2000. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-159). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.M.E.)--University of Delaware, 2006. / Principal faculty advisor: Suresh G. Advani, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2000. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-159). Also available on the Internet.

Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-07-12T11:18:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ALYSSON ANTÔNIO RIBEIRO GOMES - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCEMat) 2015.pdf: 3273281 bytes, checksum: b71940c4b95418d315f4cfe0dfe1600a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-12T11:18:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ALYSSON ANTÔNIO RIBEIRO GOMES - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCEMat) 2015.pdf: 3273281 bytes, checksum: b71940c4b95418d315f4cfe0dfe1600a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-11 / Os implantes mamários são dispositivos médicos, empregados para aumentar, reconstrutir ou corrigir anomalis congênitas mamárias. Normalmente, são preenchidas por gel de silicone e/ou solução salina. Atualmente, têm sido utilizados com frequência implantes mamários com a superfície externa da membrana texturizada, por apresentar maior seguraça e reduzir complicações pós-operatórias como as contraturas capsulares. Desta forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as propriedades físicas, químicas e biológicas de implantes mamários com membrana texturizada e preenchidas com gel de silicone. Portanto foram analisados quatro implantes mamários, de dois diferentes fabricantes, sendo uma marca nacional e outra importada. Os ensaios de caracterização foram realizados no lado da membrana interno que fica em contado com o gel e no lado externo que fica em contato com o meio biológico, através das seguintes técnicas: Microscopia Óptica – MO, Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura – MEV, Espectroscopia por Energia Dispersiva de Raios X - EDS, Retilineidade, Ensaios Dimensionais - Espessura, Ensaio Mecânico - Tração, Citotoxicidade e Coesividade do Gel. Nos resultados do ensaio de avaliação morfológica (MO e MEV) foi observado que a superfície das membranas em contato com o gel apresenta-se com textura lisa e uniforme já o lado externo da membrana observou-se presença de poros com tamanhos e formas bastante distintas. Em relação aos ensaios mecânicos, todas as amostras atenderam aos requisitos normativos, porém uma das amostras apresentou valor muito próximo do limite de aprovação. Observou-se que a texturização das superfícies influencia nos desempenhos mecânicos das membranas. Os resultados do ensaio de coesividade do gel de preenchimento, citotoxicidade e de elementos químicos contaminantes foram semelhantes em todas as amostras e estão de acordo com as normas de certificação, sendo X2 muito próximo ao limite de aprovação. / Silicone breast implants are medical devices used to increase, reconstruct or correct mammary congenital deformities. Typically, they are filled with silicone gel and / or saline solutions. Currently, there is often used breast implants with the outer surface of the textured membrane to present maximum security and reduce post-operative complications such as capsular contracture. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical and biological properties of textured silicone gel breast implants. Four breast implants were analyzed, two different manufacturers. The characterization tests were performed on the inner side of the membrane which is in contact with the gel, and the external side, in contact with the biological environment, through the following techniques: optical microscopy - MO, Scanning Electron Microscopy - SEM, Spectroscopy Energy Dispersive X-ray - EDS, Straightness, Dimensional Testing - Thickness, Mechanical Testing - Traction, Cytotoxicity and cohesiveness gel. The results of the morphological evaluation test (OM and SEM) it was observed that the surface of the membrane in contact with the gel appears with smooth and uniform texture, however, the external side of the membrane was observed pores with very different sizes and shapes . Regarding the mechanical tests, all samples met the regulatory requirements, but one of the samples showed a value close to approval limit. It was observed that the texturing of suferfícies influences the mechanical performances of the membranes. The cohesiveness filling gel test, cytotoxicity and chemical contaminants were similar in all samples and comply with certification regulations.

O trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo principal de desenvolver hambúrgueres de carne bovina com adição de farinha de okara e verificar a interação deste ingrediente com outros, como proteína texturizada de soja (PTS) e toucinho. A farinha de okara obtida apresentou a seguinte composição em base seca: 55,50% de proteínas, 21% de lipídios, 3,97% de cinzas e 19,01% de carboidratos. No desenvolvimento do trabalho foi utilizado o planejamento para misturas simplex centróide, no qual as concentrações de PTS, farinha de okara e toucinho, variaram entre 0 e 8% entre 7 formulações. As amostras de hambúrgueres desenvolvidas foram submetidas à analises funcionais tecnológicas (rendimento, encolhimento, retenção de umidade, retenção de gordura, índice de absorção de água e índice de absorção de óleo), de composição química (umidade, lipídios, proteínas e cinzas) e também ao teste de aceitação e intenção de compra por meio da análise sensorial. Para as propriedades funcionais tecnológicas, a proteína texturizada de soja, a farinha de okara e o toucinho influenciaram significativamente (p<0,05) o encolhimento, rendimento e o indice de absorção de água do produto estudado. Menores valores de encolhimento e maiores valores de rendimento foram obtidos com a utilização de proteína texturizada de soja. O índice de absorção de água teve a mesma influencia tanto da proteína texturizada de soja quanto do okara. Para a retenção de umidade e gordura, somente proteína texturizada de soja teve efeito significativo para melhora destas variáveis. Em relação à composição química, todas as variáveis dependentes (umidade, lipídios, proteínas e cinzas) foram influenciadas significativamente (p<0,05) pelos componentes PTS, okara e toucinho, com exceção do teor de proteínas que teve influencia significativa somente da PTS. A umidade e o teor de lipídios, foram mais influenciados pelo toucinho, porém para o teor de cinzas a maior influência na equação obtida neste estudo foi para o okara. Referente às características sensoriais das formulações desenvolvidas, todos os atributos estudados sofreram influência significativa dos componentes PTS, okara e toucinho. Porém neste caso, o okara foi o componente que teve maior influência em todos os parâmetros, exceto para intenção de compra, que teve maior influencia na equação pelo componente toucinho. / The study was conducted with the main objective to develop beef burgers with added okara flour and verify the interaction of this ingredient with others, such as textured soy protein (TSP) and fat. The okara flour showed the following composition on a dry basis: 55.50% protein, 21% fat, 3.97% ash and 19.01% carbohydrates. Work development planning was used for simplex centroid mixtures in which the concentrations of TSP, okara flour and fat, ranged between 0 and 8% from 7 formulations. The samples were subjected to burgers developed technological functional analysis (yield, shrinkage, moisture retention, fat retention, absorption water index and absorption oil index), chemical composition (moisture, fat, protein and ash) and also the test of acceptance and purchase intent by sensory analysis. For technological functional properties, the textured soy protein, okara flour and fat influenced significantly (p <0.05) shrinkage, yield and water absorption index. Lower shrinkage values and higher yield values were obtained with the use of soy protein. The absorption water index had the same influences for both protein, as the textured soy protein and okara flour. For moisture retention and fat, only textured soy protein had a significant effect on these variables improves. Regarding chemical composition, all dependent variables (moisture, fat, protein and ash) were influenced significantly (p <0.05) by TSP, okara and fat, with the exception of protein content that had significant influence only the TSP . The moisture and lipid content, were more influenced by the fat, but for the ash content the greatest influence in the equation obtained in this study was to okara. Referring to the sensory characteristics of the developed formulations, all attributes studied underwent significant influence of TSP components, okara and fat. But in this case, the okara was the component that had the greatest influence on all parameters, except for purchase intent, that had the greatest influence in the equation by the component fat.

Neste trabalho são apresentados os principais conceitos relacionados às pinturas texturizadas. Foram propostas diretrizes mínimas para especificação e recebimento de pinturas texturizadas acrílicas em substratos de argamassa para fachadas de edifícios. Para o estabelecimento das diretrizes foram evidenciadas as práticas adotadas através de estudos de casos e foi realizado um estudo experimental para desenvolvimento dos principais critérios de aceitação propostos. Considera-se que a especificação técnica é o ponto de partida para assegurar que as pinturas texturizadas acrílicas atendam o uso previsto. / In this work the main concepts related to textured coatings are presented. The minimal directives are proposed for specification and act of receiving of acrylic textured coatings in renderings for buildings frontages. For the establishment of the directives the practices adopted through studies of cases had been evidenced and an experimental study was carried through for development of the main considered accepted criteria. It is considered that the technical specification is the starting point to assure that the acrylic textured coatings take care of the foreseen use.

This thesis presents possibilities of 3D point cloud and true colored digital video fusion that can be used in the process of robot teleoperation. Advantages of a 3D environment visualization combining more than one sensor data, tools to facilitate such data fusion, as well as two alternative practical implementations of combined data visualization are discussed. First proposed alternative estimates view frustum of the robot's camera and maps real colored video to a semi-transparent polygon placed in the view frustum. The second option is a direct coloring of the point cloud data creating a colored point cloud representing color as well as depth information about an environment.

Dans le domaine de l’informatique graphique, les données tridimensionnelles, généralement représentées par des maillages triangulaires, sont employées dans une grande variété d’applications (par exemple, le lissage, la compression, le remaillage, la simplification, le rendu, etc.). Cependant, ces procédés introduisent inévitablement des artefacts qui altèrent la qualité visuelle des données 3D rendues. Ainsi, afin de guider perceptuellement les algorithmes de traitement, il y a un besoin croissant d'évaluations subjectives et objectives de la qualité visuelle à la fois performantes et adaptées, pour évaluer et prédire les artefacts visuels. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons d'abord une étude exhaustive sur les différentes sources d'artefacts associés aux données numériques graphiques, ainsi que l’évaluation objective et subjective de la qualité visuelle des artefacts. Ensuite, nous introduisons une nouvelle étude sur la qualité subjective conçue sur la base de l’évaluations de la visibilité locale des artefacts géométriques, dans laquelle il a été demandé à des observateurs de marquer les zones de maillages 3D qui contiennent des distorsions visibles. Les cartes de distorsion visuelle collectées sont utilisées pour illustrer plusieurs fonctionnalités perceptuelles du système visuel humain (HVS), et servent de vérité-terrain pour évaluer les performances des attributs et des mesures géométriques bien connus pour prédire la visibilité locale des distorsions. Notre deuxième étude vise à évaluer la qualité visuelle de modèles 3D texturés, subjectivement et objectivement. Pour atteindre ces objectifs, nous avons introduit 136 modèles traités avec à la fois des distorsions géométriques et de texture, mené une expérience subjective de comparaison par paires, et invité 101 sujets pour évaluer les qualités visuelles des modèles à travers deux protocoles de rendu. Motivés par les opinions subjectives collectées, nous proposons deux mesures de qualité visuelle objective pour les maillages texturés, en se fondant sur les combinaisons optimales des mesures de qualité issues de la géométrie et de la texture. Ces mesures de perception proposées surpassent leurs homologues en termes de corrélation avec le jugement humain. / In computer graphics realm, three-dimensional graphical data, generally represented by triangular meshes, have become commonplace, and are deployed in a variety of application processes (e.g., smoothing, compression, remeshing, simplification, rendering, etc.). However, these processes inevitably introduce artifacts, altering the visual quality of the rendered 3D data. Thus, in order to perceptually drive the processing algorithms, there is an increasing need for efficient and effective subjective and objective visual quality assessments to evaluate and predict the visual artifacts. In this thesis, we first present a comprehensive survey on different sources of artifacts in digital graphics, and current objective and subjective visual quality assessments of the artifacts. Then, we introduce a newly designed subjective quality study based on evaluations of the local visibility of geometric artifacts, in which observers were asked to mark areas of 3D meshes that contain noticeable distortions. The collected perceived distortion maps are used to illustrate several perceptual functionalities of the human visual system (HVS), and serve as ground-truth to evaluate the performances of well-known geometric attributes and metrics for predicting the local visibility of distortions. Our second study aims to evaluate the visual quality of texture mapped 3D model subjectively and objectively. To achieve these goals, we introduced 136 processed models with both geometric and texture distortions, conducted a paired-comparison subjective experiment, and invited 101 subjects to evaluate the visual qualities of the models under two rendering protocols. Driven by the collected subjective opinions, we propose two objective visual quality metrics for textured meshes, relying on the optimal combinations of geometry and texture quality measures. These proposed perceptual metrics outperform their counterparts in term of the correlation with the human judgment.