Структура магистерской диссертации включает в себя введение, три главы, заключение, список использованных источников и приложения. Во введении определены актуальность темы исследования, цель и основные задачи, предмет и объект исследования, методологический инструментарий, информационно-эмпирическая база исследования и практическая значимость. В первой главе изучается понятие банковского кредита, рассматриваются этапы работы с кредитной заявкой физического лица. Вторая глава содержит анализ организации кредитного процесса ПАО «Сбербанк», что включает в себя характеристику деятельности банка, анализ формирования кредитного портфеля, анализ основных этапов кредитования физических лиц, выявления проблем кредитного процесса в российских банках и предложения путей решения по их устранению. В третьей главе предложены пути совершенствования кредитного процесса в ПАО «Сбербанк» и проведена оценка экономической эффективности мероприятий по оптимизации кредитного процесса в ПАО «Сбербанк». В заключении сформулированы основные выводы и предложения по работе. / The structure of the master's thesis includes an introduction, three chapters, conclusion, list of references and appendices. The introduction defines the relevance of the research topic, the goal and main tasks, the subject and the object of the research, methodological tools, information and empirical research base and practical significance. The first chapter examines the concept of a bank loan, examines the stages of work with a loan application of an individual. The second chapter contains an analysis of the organization of the credit process of Sberbank, which includes a description of the bank's activities, an analysis of the formation of a loan portfolio, an analysis of the main stages of lending to individuals, identifying problems in the credit process in Russian banks and proposing solutions to eliminate them. The third chapter proposes ways to improve the credit process at Sberbank and assesses the economic efficiency of measures to optimize the credit process at Sberbank. In the conclusion, the main conclusions and proposals for work are formulated.

Diploma thesis discusses questions about internal audit. I have focused on internal audit in the bank. I analyzed four czech banks if they had established internal audit section and Audit Comitee and how many internal auditors they employ. In the second practical part I described internal audit as a process. I demonstrated it on the internal audit of mortgage credit process.

The diploma thesis deals with credit financing of the company. The aim of the thesis is the analysis of credit policy in a specific company, summarize the major findings of the most importatnt credit instruments, outline the course of the credit process and explain the issues of the security for a debt. The partial aim of the thesis is to analyse specific situation of the providing the bank guarantee. The first half of the thesis is focused on the comparison the differences in a bank overdraft and specific loan. In the second half of the thesis there is a matching of the credit products for small and medium enterprises in terms of Czech banks following the planned acquisition of fixed assets in the company. In the final part of the work is done and a summarized evaluation of the data and proposal of measures to streamline the credit financing.

The aim of my thesis is to propose a financing structure for the selected company and then process the credit application. The first part is focused on the strategy of the bank, lending products and the risks that the bank undertakes. Also contains a description of the credit process - the calculation of a credit rating, financing structuring, collateral, covenants determination and processing of credit application. The thesis analyses the specifics of the pharmaceutical industry. Theoretical knowledge is applied to the example of financing of pharmaceutical company and the preparation of a credit application.

Final qualification work (master thesis) investigates the theoretical and methodological framework for an integrated approach to the organization of credit process in commercial banks at the modern stage. The need for research is that effective organization of the credit process helps to avoid many risks and maximize the profit of the disbursed loan funds. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that lending to individuals and legal entities is one of the main sources of income of commercial Bank. In a rapidly changing banking environment to work on the current principles and types of lending getting more difficult, because the competitors appear more attractive offers. But the Bank such as Sberbank, it is necessary not only to follow the trends, but also to be attentive to all risks, maintaining a balance between the availability of credit and guarantee their repayment. / Выпускная квалификационная работа (магистерская диссертация) посвящена исследованию теоретической и методологической базы для комплексного подхода к организации кредитного процесса в коммерческом банке на современном этапе. Необходимость научного исследования заключается в том, что эффективная организация кредитного процесса помогает избежать возникновения многих рисков и обеспечить максимальную прибыль от выданных в кредит денежных средств. Актуальность научного исследования заключается в том, что кредитование физических и юридических лиц является одним из основных источников доходов коммерческого банка. В условиях динамично меняющейся банковской среды работать по сложившимся принципам и видам кредитования становится сложнее, т.к. у конкурентов появляются все более привлекательные предложения. Но такому банку, как Сбербанк, необходимо не только следовать тенденциям, но и внимательно относиться ко всем рискам, соблюдая баланс между доступностью кредитов и гарантией их возвратности.

This diploma thesis is focused on mortgage loan as a product for financing own housing and on analysis of development of mortgage loans depending on macroeconomic indicators. The thesis also includes definition of the most important risks related to mortgage loan, connection with real estate market, importance of property lien and forms of national financial aid of financing housing. At the conclusion of the thesis illustrative case showing choice of appropriate mortgage loan is mentioned.

The theoretical part of thesis covers consumer credit, particular parts of credit process and credit registers. Analysis of credit risk management in a bank of concern, quality of credit portfolio and suggestion of changes in rating of retail receivables are dealt with in the practical part.

To determine whether a credit limit for a corporate client should be changed, a financial institution writes a PM containingtext and financial data that then is assessed by a credit committee which decides whether to increase the limit or not. To make thisprocess more efficient, machine learning algorithms was used to classify the credit PMs instead of a committee. Since most machinelearning algorithms are black boxes, the LIME framework was used to find the most important features driving the classification. Theresults of this study show that credit memos can be classified with high accuracy and that LIME can be used to indicate which parts ofthe memo had the biggest impact. This implicates that the credit process could be improved by utilizing machine learning, whilemaintaining transparency. However, machine learning may disrupt learning processes within the organization. / För att bedöma om en kreditlimit för ett företag ska förändras eller inte skriver ett finansiellt institut ett PM innehållande text och finansiella data. Detta PM granskas sedan av en kreditkommitté som beslutar om limiten ska förändras eller inte. För att effektivisera denna process användes i denna rapport maskininlärning istället för en kreditkommitté för att besluta om limiten ska förändras. Eftersom de flesta maskininlärningsalgoritmer är svarta lådor så användes LIME-ramverket för att hitta de viktigaste drivarna bakom klassificeringen. Denna studies resultat visar att kredit-PM kan klassificeras med hög noggrannhet och att LIME kan visa vilken del av ett PM som hade störst påverkan vid klassificeringen. Implikationerna av detta är att kreditprocessen kan förbättras av maskininlärning, utan att förlora transparens. Maskininlärning kan emellertid störa lärandeprocesser i organisationen, varför införandet av dessa algoritmer bör vägas mot hur betydelsefullt det är att bevara och utveckla kunskap inom organisationen.

This thesis deals with methodics of credit process of a particular credit union present on the Czech market. Because of confidentiality, the name of the credit union is not mentioned. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part deals with characteristics of credit unions, their specifications and differences from banks. You can find in this part comparison of development of particular values of the analyzed credit union with the whole sector of Czech credit unions and bank sector as well. The second part is focused on importance of credit process, specifics of the balance of credit institutions, description of risks connected to credit process and principle of state regulation of this process. The third part describes in more details credit process of the analyzed credit union with further focus on acquisition period, credit analysis and decision making process. The last part explains questions of guarantee with all the types of guarantee of the analyzed credit union mentioned. Hence in the whole thesis the theory and practice is mixed together. In the concluding part I evaluate quality of credit process of the analyzed credit union, including the differences from credit process of bank institutions.

This thesis explains important facts concerning financial products for solutions of housing need from three points of view, which influent each other -- from the point of view of client, bank and state. In the thesis, there is noted, what shall be understood under the solution of housing need, and what are the products which have been used for housing financing. Accent is put on possible use of different forms of state support and its influence on the state budget. The most of financial products for the solution of housing need have character of credit, therefore part of the thesis is touching credit risk and is clearing running of credit process.