Magister Scientiae (Medical Bioscience) - MSc(MBS) / The present study employs a multi-tracer approach to shed light on the integrated feeding of the bearded goby Sufflogobius bibarbatus. The study was conducted between 31 March and 10 April 2008 at two 48 hour stations off the Namibian coast, namely inshore(station A, 120 m) and offshore (station B, 180 m). Isotopes of 513C and 515N suggest that the goby diet at station A and B at the time of the study was primarily composed of the jellyfish Chrysaora fulgida and Aequorea forskalea, which comprised up to 73.85 % and 70.36 % of the goby diets respectively. However the importance of these cnidarian prey items, together with adult euphausiids, benthic polychaetes and shrimp varied with goby size, point of collection and habitat. Spatially pooled 534S results suggest that the sulphidic benthic sediment (containing diatoms and sulphur bacteria) overlying the central shelf off Namibia may contribute 34.2 % to the diet of the goby and that the goby may be able to drive sulphides from the benthos. Fatty acid analyses were limited to data collected only at station B and they suggest that gobies retrieve most of their essential fatty acids from pelagic zooplankton. Furthermore, small gobies at station B were high in the copepod markers 20:1ω9 and 22:1ω11, but their larger counterparts were high in the diatom FA 20:4ω6, 20:5ω3, diatom marker ratios 16:1/16:0 and 20:5ω3/22:6ω3 suggesting that small gobies fed more on pelagic copepods while large gobies fed directly on sedimented diatoms on the benthos. Fatty acid analyses also provided support for sulphur bacterial and jellyfish-feeding amongst gobies. The study highlights the advantages of using multiple trophic tracers to compliment each other, and identifies the bearded goby as an opportunistic feeder that plays an important role in terms of energy transfer within the northern Benguela ecosystem.

This dissertation begins with a critical preface that examines the haunted present and its impact on writing for third and fourth generation Holocaust survivors. Then follows a collection of poetry and prose that examine themes of intergenerational trauma, experiences of the Shoah, grief, and chronic illness.

This study presented data gathered from Utah school counselors about demographic information, counseling and guidance programs in Utah, certification requirements, future personnel needs, quality and appropriateness of training programs, philosophy of public schools, and needs and/or concerns. A questionnaire was used to collect data from ~50 school counselors employed in the State of Utah. Utah school counselors were found to be primarily Caucasians over the age of 36 years. The majority of counselors in Utah were employed in secondary schools. Caseloads for secondary school counselors ranged from 300 to 600 students per counselor, and caseloads for elementary school counselors ranged from 900 to in excess of 1200 students per counselor. The critical shortage of counselors has justified the employment of noncertified counselors in the elementary schools. On a scale from excellent to poor the majority of school counselors described their school counselor preparation programs as adequate to good. Counselors would like to see the adoption of a comprehensive school counseling and guidance program with the complete support of administrators and school district personnel. Secondary and elementary school counselors were concerned with the community's perception of their duties as clerical and administrative. Young people and minorities should be encouraged to enter the school counseling field, filling the critical shortage need. School counselor preparation programs should be flexible enough to work with teachers and/or interested parties who currently work full time but would like to enter counselor training programs.

While adaptation research possesses longstanding applications and ample material for study, seldom has a data set proven to be as iconic and culturally relevant as the various iterations of To Kill a Mockingbird. Novel to film to stage play, and then nearly 60 years later to a second stage play, the story has resonated with audiences in a range of performative variations. A defining characteristic of Harper Lee's tale is her use of a narrator; this characteristic provides an effective entry-point in examining the two stage adaptations by way of their interpretation of the narrator. A study of the respective presentations of the narrator(s) employed by the two official theatre versions of To Kill a Mockingbird demonstrates that while both are appropriate to and reflective of the time in which they were initially produced, Aaron Sorkin's script offers a divergence from the standard form of the narrator and produces insight into the original novel as well as innovative potentialities for the performance of a memory play. This examination has been conducted through observations collected at live performances, individual playscripts, theatre reviews, and printed interviews, as well as academic articles and books. Sorkin's introduction of three narrators and compression of the presented timelines to create a state of "present consciousness" in both the narrators and the audience offers a range of new opportunities for the employment of the accepted narrator trope as well as the engagement of the audience with the world of the play.

<p> This research paper looks at the past, present and temporal changes in Bi-Way's market areas for Metropolitan Toronto. Each of the stores trade or market areas was defined by using Thiessen polygons which gave boundaries in which specific census data was collected and analyzed. The analysis essentially three questions; the first being to see if there are any differences between the trade areas of those stores built in the 1970's and those built in the 1980's, the second was to see if there were any changes between the two groups of stores but in terms of 1981 data, and the third was to see if there were any changes between the groups of stores and their changes between 1971 and 1981. The results showed that for thesis number one it was only the 1980's potential trade areas which revealed any specific market characteristics which could be used to define its target markets. The results from the second hypothesis that both sets of stores showed similar and different trade area characteristics and target markets. The results from the third hypothesis revealed that overall the stores built in the 1970's underwent the most significant changes in its market characteristics. Overall however, it was shown that although some similarities and differences came through for these two sets of stores a more indepth analysis is needed.</p> / Thesis / Candidate in Philosophy

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Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) forms an important part of asset management practices and provides an informed decision support. The holistic nature of LCCA includes life cycle assessment (LCA) as an important component alongside economic life cycle cost analysis. The drinking water industry is right now lacking a reliable cost data structure which will ensure that all the utilities capture the same set of cost data. Also, models and tools currently available in the academia and industry are purely deterministic in nature and do not cater to uncertainty in the data. This study provides a framework for a holistic life cycle cost analysis tool which will help drinking water utilities to prioritize the activities and optimize the cost spending of the utility. The methodology includes the development of a cost data structure, a life cycle cost analysis and a life cycle assessment model in the form of an excel spreadsheet. The LCCA model has the capability to compare different pipe materials, installation, condition assessment, rehabilitation and replacement technologies. Whereas, LCA model can compare different pipe materials based on greenhouse gas emissions calculations. The final step of the methodology includes piloting the model with data from utility A. The analysis has been shown in the form of three case studies - comparison of two pipe materials, two pipe installation technologies and two pipe rehabilitation technologies. The case studies provide results in the form of comparison of total life cycle costs for different alternatives and hence a better alternative can be chosen. / Master of Science