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The purpose of this thesis was to explore stakeholder response to the increase in corporate involvement in college sports. As tough economic times have been steadily realized into a recession, the rise in educational costs and in amount of money required to run athletic programs have placed a tremendous need on athletic departments for money. As a result, a popular trend of outsourcing or selling, marketing rights to third party entities has been a quick way to raise needed revenues. In the selling of these marketing rights, athletic departments have essentially opened the door to allow for an increase in corporation involvement at these athletic events. This paper utilizes Fishbein and Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to discover how the increase in marketing efforts are impacting their stakeholders, or rather season ticket holders. The universities used in this study have within the last three years recently sold their marketing rights and belong to the same network company, ISP Sports. These universities are: Brigham Young University (BYU), Texas Christian University (TCU), and the University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV). The first factor studied showed stakeholders of these universities hold negative beliefs about the impact the marketing efforts are having on their purchasing habits. The second factor studied demonstrated a slight negative normative belief towards a social perception of the willingness to support sponsors who support their university. The third factor studied demonstrated a somewhat positive belief towards perceived control over the marketing efforts. As a result, this case study shows a composite negative behavioral intention trend.

Titel: CSR integrerat i affärsidén – har det någon betydelse för företagens framgång? Nivå: Kandidatuppsats i ämnet företagsekonomi, 15 hp Författare: Aida Mekonnen & Victoria Klyukina Handledare: Agneta Sundström Examinator: Lars-Johan Åge Datum: 2014- Juni Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur små och medelstora företag arbetar med CSR och att analysera om det finns en koppling mellan framgångsrika företag och integration av CSR i deras affärsidén. Metod: Arbetet grundar sig på både kvantitativ och kvalitativ sekundär data. Empirisk data har samlats in från 100 slumpmässigt utvalda svenska företag som listas i Högskolans databas FRAMFÖR. Vi har utgått från kvantitativ metod när vi samlat in data från Internet, företagens omsättning (åren 2010-2012), samt genom statistiska beräkningar. Den kvalitativa metoden har använts när vi samlat in data i FRAMFÖR-databasen som tar upp företagens affärsidésbeskrivning. Resultat: Resultatet visar att cirka 80% av företagen i studien strävar efter att implementera CSR i verksamheten. Andel mindre framgångsrika företag är högre när det gäller CSR aktiviteter med kortsiktigt perspektiv medan andel av framgångsrika företag är högre vad gäller mer långsiktiga CSR engagemang. Andel företag med CSR integrerat i affärsidén följer storlek på omsättningsutveckling, det vill säga ju mer framgångsrika företagen är desto mer integrerar de CSR i affärsidén från ett långsiktigt perspektiv. Slutsats: Vår studie visar att det finns en positiv relation mellan kort/långsiktig CSR och omsättning. Medan de mer framgångsrika företagen arbetar mer långsiktigt med CSR engagemang visar resultatet att mindre framgångsrika företag arbetar med CSR utifrån det mer kortsiktiga perspektivet. Det tyder på att omsättningen har inverkan på vilka CSR dimensioner som företaget använder. Studien bidrar till att visa att ju mer framgångsrika företag är desto mer integrerar de CSR i sin affärsidé. Studien indikerar att CSR integrerat som del av affärsidén har utvecklat kärnkompetens för företagets långsiktiga ansvarstagande.

A responsabilidade social corporativa (RSC) é um conceito que a cada dia está mais presente no cotidiano das empresas em diversos países do mundo. Nota-se um crescente número de estudos sobre o assunto, principalmente com foco nas grandes empresas, líderes de seus setores de atuação. Contudo no Brasil a RSC ainda se apresenta em estágio inicial de desenvolvimento, sendo o varejo um dos setores que mais têm se engajado nessa prática. Destaca-se que, assim como no restante do mundo, são as grandes empresas que vêm liderando tal movimento. Sendo assim, abre-se uma lacuna para pesquisa sobre como esse assunto tem sido abordado também por empresas de outros portes, com menor abrangência de atuação. Dado esse contexto, este trabalho teve como principal objetivo entender as práticas de responsabilidade social corporativa, realizadas pelos diferentes varejistas de alimentos, buscando identificar as principais características do desenvolvimento dessas ações, em empresas de diferentes portes. Para atingir esse objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativo-exploratória, utilizando, para a coleta dos dados, o método de estudo de casos múltiplos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de 11 estudos de caso de empresas do setor do varejo de alimentos. A análise dos resultados foi feita por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo, bem como com a utilização da ferramenta de mapas mentais. Os principais resultados encontrados mostram que, mesmo com muitas diferenças entre os portes de varejistas estudados, as práticas de RSC estão cada vez mais integradas ao dia a dia e agenda das empresas. Apesar disso, as empresas de atuação local ainda focam mais suas ações nas comunidades ao redor das lojas, realizando ações com características ainda filantrópicas. Já os varejistas regionais começam a associar suas práticas, principalmente, com a preservação do ambiente e com os funcionários da empresa. Nesse grupo, mesmo as empresas apresentando práticas de RSC um pouco mais avançadas, percebeu-se que os valores dos donos ainda são presentes na elaboração das práticas. O último grupo analisado foi o dos varejistas de atuação nacional/global. Nesse grupo, percebeu-se que as práticas de RSC estão cada vez mais desenvolvidas e integradas com suas estratégias. O número de stakeholders envolvidos nas atividades é o que torna a gestão da RSC um pouco mais difícil. Provavelmente por isso, nesses varejistas já seja possível observar cargos específicos para a gestão da RSC. Desse modo, uma das teorias utilizadas para a realização das análises foi a teoria dos stakeholders, a qual se mostrou adequada para o entendimento e o estudo da RSC nos diferentes portes de empresas estudados. Com base nos resultados encontrados, foi possível a criação de uma agenda de ações estratégicas para o desenvolvimento de ações de RSC para varejistas de diferentes portes. Além disso, ao final do trabalho, com base no referencial estudado e na validação com os especialistas entrevistados, foi possível a proposição de uma sequência de passos para a implementação de práticas de RSC. Apesar de não ter sido testado empiricamente, esse método poderá ser base para a realização de estudos futuros. Como contribuição desta pesquisa, destaca-se a realização de um estudo comparativo entre diferentes portes de varejistas, bem como o avanço em teorias como a teoria dos stakeholders. / Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an ever increasing concept in the daily routine of companies all over the world. There have been more and more studies about that, mainly focusing on big, leading companies. However, CSR is still at its inception in Brazil, with retail businesses as the sector which has been more engaged in such practice. The biggest companies here, as everywhere else stand out as the ones which have been leading that movement. Therefore, how companies of different sizes, with lower performance, have approached that topic came up as a study objective. Given such context, the main objective of the present study was to understand the practices of corporate social responsibility performed by food retailers and seek to identify the main characteristics of the actions developed by companies of different sizes. In order to achieve that goal, a qualitative-exploratory study was conducted using the multiple-case method to collect data. Data were collected through 11 study cases on Brazilian food retail businesses. Analysis of results was performed using the content analysis technique as well as by means of mind maps. The main results show that CSR practices have been increasingly incorporated into companies daily routine and agenda in spite of the many differences in size among the retailers studied. Despite that, local companies focused their actions on communities surrounding their stores, still developing actions with philanthropic characteristics. Regional retailers have been associating their practices with environmental preservation and their employees mainly. In this group, even the companies with more advanced CSR practices, the owners values have been found to be still present when designing practices. The last group to be evaluated was the national/global retailers. In this group CSR practices have been found to be increasingly more advanced and integrated with their strategies. The number of stakeholders involved in those activities has made CSR management a little more difficult. Perhaps that is the reason why specific CSR manager positions have already been seen at such retail businesses. Thus, the stakeholders theory was one of the theories used for the evaluation, which was shown to be appropriate to understand and to study CSR in the different-sized companies evaluated. Based on the results, it was possible to create an agenda of strategic actions for the development of CSR actions targeting different size retailers. Besides, at the completion of the study, it was possible to suggest a sequence of steps for implementation of CSR practices based on the literature studied and validation with the experts interviewed. Although such method has not yet been empirically tested, it can serve as basis for future studies. As a contribution, this study has presented a comparative study between different-size retail companies as well as a development in theories such as the stakeholders theory.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is well considered as an important managements’ thinking due to changes in organizations and social environment. CSR initiatives are believed to be beneficial to the society, environment as well as businesses (McWilliams & Siegel 2001). There is an increasing demand for CSR from stakeholders, hence, businesses have started to incorporate the idea of CSR into their organizational strategic planning document. CSR aims to generate shared value by working to solve differing and competing stakeholders’ interests (Pratima & Mark 2014). The aim of this study is to assess the challenges faced during implementation of CSR in the achievement of sustainable business development. In addition, this thesis, will also examine approaches used to overcome the challenges. To reach to the aim of this research paper, a qualitative method is used. Both primary and secondary data are collected to compile this thesis. While the former was collected through interview, the latter was obtained from textbooks, scientific journal articles as well as documents and reports published by Karlstad Municipality (Karlstad Kommun). To write this research paper, a single case study approach was used. Karlstad bus, a department within urban management (Stadsbyggnadsförvaltningen) in Karlstad municipality (Karlstad Kommun) was selected to accomplish the objectives of the study. The findings of the study reveal that Karlstad bus department (KBD) biggest challenge faced during CSR implementation was the higher CSR investment cost. This agrees with Jonker & Witte (2006) argument that states, the main reason of CSR challenges in practical implementation process is CSR requires high implementation cost. To overcome high implementation cost challenges, KBD communication with stakeholders enabled to get additional funds from other government authorities. KBD is accountable & transparent and hence, it prepares integrated report on both financial and CSR narrative operational reports. Besides the major challenge of high CSR implementation cost, there was also some challenge of mindset which is failure in identifying the advantages of long-term benefits of new systems over the existing old systems. This challenge was solved through making detailed cost-benefit analysis. KBD is socially responsible and considers CSR in its investment decision and continues to fulfill the needs and requirements of the environment and the society.

A responsabilidade social corporativa (RSC) é um conceito que a cada dia está mais presente no cotidiano das empresas em diversos países do mundo. Nota-se um crescente número de estudos sobre o assunto, principalmente com foco nas grandes empresas, líderes de seus setores de atuação. Contudo no Brasil a RSC ainda se apresenta em estágio inicial de desenvolvimento, sendo o varejo um dos setores que mais têm se engajado nessa prática. Destaca-se que, assim como no restante do mundo, são as grandes empresas que vêm liderando tal movimento. Sendo assim, abre-se uma lacuna para pesquisa sobre como esse assunto tem sido abordado também por empresas de outros portes, com menor abrangência de atuação. Dado esse contexto, este trabalho teve como principal objetivo entender as práticas de responsabilidade social corporativa, realizadas pelos diferentes varejistas de alimentos, buscando identificar as principais características do desenvolvimento dessas ações, em empresas de diferentes portes. Para atingir esse objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativo-exploratória, utilizando, para a coleta dos dados, o método de estudo de casos múltiplos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de 11 estudos de caso de empresas do setor do varejo de alimentos. A análise dos resultados foi feita por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo, bem como com a utilização da ferramenta de mapas mentais. Os principais resultados encontrados mostram que, mesmo com muitas diferenças entre os portes de varejistas estudados, as práticas de RSC estão cada vez mais integradas ao dia a dia e agenda das empresas. Apesar disso, as empresas de atuação local ainda focam mais suas ações nas comunidades ao redor das lojas, realizando ações com características ainda filantrópicas. Já os varejistas regionais começam a associar suas práticas, principalmente, com a preservação do ambiente e com os funcionários da empresa. Nesse grupo, mesmo as empresas apresentando práticas de RSC um pouco mais avançadas, percebeu-se que os valores dos donos ainda são presentes na elaboração das práticas. O último grupo analisado foi o dos varejistas de atuação nacional/global. Nesse grupo, percebeu-se que as práticas de RSC estão cada vez mais desenvolvidas e integradas com suas estratégias. O número de stakeholders envolvidos nas atividades é o que torna a gestão da RSC um pouco mais difícil. Provavelmente por isso, nesses varejistas já seja possível observar cargos específicos para a gestão da RSC. Desse modo, uma das teorias utilizadas para a realização das análises foi a teoria dos stakeholders, a qual se mostrou adequada para o entendimento e o estudo da RSC nos diferentes portes de empresas estudados. Com base nos resultados encontrados, foi possível a criação de uma agenda de ações estratégicas para o desenvolvimento de ações de RSC para varejistas de diferentes portes. Além disso, ao final do trabalho, com base no referencial estudado e na validação com os especialistas entrevistados, foi possível a proposição de uma sequência de passos para a implementação de práticas de RSC. Apesar de não ter sido testado empiricamente, esse método poderá ser base para a realização de estudos futuros. Como contribuição desta pesquisa, destaca-se a realização de um estudo comparativo entre diferentes portes de varejistas, bem como o avanço em teorias como a teoria dos stakeholders. / Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an ever increasing concept in the daily routine of companies all over the world. There have been more and more studies about that, mainly focusing on big, leading companies. However, CSR is still at its inception in Brazil, with retail businesses as the sector which has been more engaged in such practice. The biggest companies here, as everywhere else stand out as the ones which have been leading that movement. Therefore, how companies of different sizes, with lower performance, have approached that topic came up as a study objective. Given such context, the main objective of the present study was to understand the practices of corporate social responsibility performed by food retailers and seek to identify the main characteristics of the actions developed by companies of different sizes. In order to achieve that goal, a qualitative-exploratory study was conducted using the multiple-case method to collect data. Data were collected through 11 study cases on Brazilian food retail businesses. Analysis of results was performed using the content analysis technique as well as by means of mind maps. The main results show that CSR practices have been increasingly incorporated into companies daily routine and agenda in spite of the many differences in size among the retailers studied. Despite that, local companies focused their actions on communities surrounding their stores, still developing actions with philanthropic characteristics. Regional retailers have been associating their practices with environmental preservation and their employees mainly. In this group, even the companies with more advanced CSR practices, the owners values have been found to be still present when designing practices. The last group to be evaluated was the national/global retailers. In this group CSR practices have been found to be increasingly more advanced and integrated with their strategies. The number of stakeholders involved in those activities has made CSR management a little more difficult. Perhaps that is the reason why specific CSR manager positions have already been seen at such retail businesses. Thus, the stakeholders theory was one of the theories used for the evaluation, which was shown to be appropriate to understand and to study CSR in the different-sized companies evaluated. Based on the results, it was possible to create an agenda of strategic actions for the development of CSR actions targeting different size retailers. Besides, at the completion of the study, it was possible to suggest a sequence of steps for implementation of CSR practices based on the literature studied and validation with the experts interviewed. Although such method has not yet been empirically tested, it can serve as basis for future studies. As a contribution, this study has presented a comparative study between different-size retail companies as well as a development in theories such as the stakeholders theory.

The aim of this thesis is to propose a socially responsible activities, which could a smaller company, like Liho Blanice, deals with and implement them in practice. The theoretical part focuses on the introduction of the concept of CSR, its basic features and principles, as well as the methodology of Standard Responsible Company, and some concepts related to CSR. The next part deals with the application of CSR practices, from initial planning to its measurement. CSR strategies of three global producers of alcohol are compared. The practical part introduces the current activities of the company, the results of research to costumers, and based on them are then designed individual activities within CSR.

During the last few years, companies have had an increasing interest on playing a more significant role in society, besides their merely economic function. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become a relevant concept leading them to do so. However, after the recent economic decline, the business model of most corporations had to be reviewed, including the CSR policy. This dissertation work discusses the impact of recession on CSR. The topic is highly relevant, since the consequences of the economic crisis have still a strong influence on business environment, in the form of a degrading level of trust and a decline of moral commitment to society. In order to evaluate this phenomenon, a research was conducted in three companies that are engaged in long-term CSR. With case study as research method, the impact of recession on CSR has been identified and a trend for future development has been outlined. As one of the main conclusions of this research it was proved, that after the economic decline, rather than dismissed, CSR was re-aimed in a more efficient way. CSR has helped companies to survive better the economic crisis and has taught them, how it can be beneficial not only for business but also for the society.

L'Investissement Socialement Responsable (ISR) est un mode d'investissement en pleine expansion. L'ontologie qui l'accompagne suggère que le caractère « socialement responsable » interpelle l'investisseur potentiel quant aux critères à retenir pour définir la recherche de performance. Celle-ci ne se mesure plus à travers un prisme exclusivement financier, mais s'ouvre à d'autres critères plus qualitatifs. La satisfaction de l'actionnaire bien que légitimement maximisée se trouve associée à la prise en compte d'intérêts des autres parties prenantes au processus de production. La Responsabilité Sociale de l'Entreprise (RSE) vérifie cette démarche validant ou invalidant ainsi l'éligibilité d'une entreprise à un processus d'investissement ISR. Cette thèse propose d'évaluer la performance d'un OPCVM ISR de manière multidimensionnelle en s'appuyant sur un possible triptyque de performance boursière, extra-financière et morale. Les conclusions de cette recherche soulignent la complexité de mise en œuvre d'une telle démarche tant les enjeux, les perceptions et les objectifs divergent d'une catégorie d'acteurs à l'autre. Enfin, la thèse souligne l'importance de la confiance des investisseurs à adhérer à la stratégie ISR d'un OPCVM conforme à leurs souhaits sans pour autant avoir la capacité de vérifier ou de contrôler de manière irréfutable la mise en œuvre de la démarche. / The Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) is a mode of rapidly growing investment. The ontology which accompanies it suggests that the "socially responsible" character calls questions to the potential investor as for the criteria to be retained to define the research for performance. This one does not confront any more through an exclusively financial prism, but opens in the other more qualitative criteria. The satisfaction of the shareholder well that legally maximized is associated with the consideration of interests of the other stakeholders in the process of production. The Corporate Social Responsability (CSR) verifies this validating approach initiative or so invalidating the eligibility of a company in a process of investment ISR. This thesis estimates the performance of an OPCVM ISR in a multidimensional way by leaning on a possible triptych of stock-exchange, extra-financial and moral performance. The conclusions of this research underline the complexity of implementation of such an approach so much the stakes, the perceptions collections and the objectives can diverge from a category of actors in the other one. Finally, the thesis underlines the importance of the confidence of the investors to adhere to the strategy ISR of an OPCVM in compliance with their wishes without having the capacity to verify or to control in a irrefutable way the implementation of the approach.

La coopération décentralisée, brique de l’Aide publique au développement et action extérieure des collectivités territoriales, existe légalement depuis 1992. L’intérêt pour la thématique "eau et assainissement" ainsi que pour les pays de la Méditerranée, nous a amené à mener notre recherche dans les Territoires palestiniens, territoires souffrant du manque d’eau. Ces actions de coopération nécessitent une coordination des parties prenantes sur le territoire partenaire. C’est cette coordination que questionne cette recherche. Pour cela les enjeux de la coopération décentralisée ont été comparés entre la littérature et le terrain, ce qui nous a permis de nous intéresser plus particulièrement à l’enjeu du transfert de connaissances. En effet, les actions de formation ont une part de plus en plus importante dans les projets de coopération décentralisée, du fait notamment des difficultés financières des collectivités territoriales. La littérature du transfert inter-organisationnel a aussi été mobilisée lors de cette recherche. Nous sommes ensuite revenus sur les différentes pratiques managériales liées à la gestion de projet, au suivi de projet, à la mise en place de consultations publiques, etc. Nous avons pu voir que la communication publique était peu existante et que d’autres difficultés existaient comme la gestion du turn-over. Nous avons souhaité comprendre quels pouvaient être les impacts liés à cela, ainsi que les solutions envisageables. Lorsque nous nous sommes intéressés aux difficultés, la coordination des parties prenantes est apparue comme primordiale à améliorer / Decentralized cooperation projects, an aspect of the development aid and external action of local authorities, has legally existed since 1992. Simultaneous interest in water and sanitation issues and in Mediterranean countries motivated us to focus our research in the Palestinian Territories, many of which suffer of a lack of water. These cooperative actions require a coordination of the stakeholders on the partner territory. This research questions the efficacy of these coordinated efforts applied to the water and sanitation field. Herein, issues of decentralized cooperation have been compared between the literature and a field study, which allowed us to focus more particularly on the issue of knowledge transfer. Indeed, training accounted for an increasingly important share of decentralized cooperation projects, due in particular to financial difficulties of local authorities. This is why we focused on knowledge transfer’s literature, inter-organizational transfer actually as it does not meet the same difficulties as private organizations (with holding information, power games, an unstable relationship, etc.) but conversely it is rarely assessed and thus warrants investigation. We also followed up on the different management practices related to project management : project monitoring, implementation of public consultations, etc. We found that public communication is scarce and found others difficulties such as frequent management turnovers. We wished to understand the impact of frequent turnover and solutions to the problems they may create