Étudier l’événement historique dans l’œuvre de Claude Simon sous un nouvel angle, voilà l’objectif de cette thèse. Pour ce faire, l’analyse de l’événement historique comprend l’attente, c’est-à-dire qu’elle couvre la période qui précède l’événement en soi. Ainsi, il s’agit d’étudier la place de l’attente dans l’œuvre romanesque simonienne. Depuis un nouvel horizon d’attente exemplifié par la Révolution française jusqu’à ne plus avoir d’attentes dans l’enfer de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, l’écriture de l’événement historique comprend aussi son attente. Et partant, l’individu est pris dans une Histoire qui le dépasse. Se concentrant sur quelques romans de Claude Simon, cette thèse analyse sur la relation entre l’attente, les événements historiques et l’écriture. Elle considère moins l’événement en soi que ce qui le précède. De l’Histoire nationale d’un pays à l’histoire traumatique d’un individu, cette thèse souligne combien l’expérience personnelle de l’événement historique est influencée par l’attente. Enfin, à travers ses romans, Claude Simon décrit la déception d’une expérience immédiate de l’événement historique, déception provoquée par une conception de l’Histoire rejetée depuis les événements abominables qui parsèment le XXe siècle. Ainsi, la représentation de l’Histoire est constamment mise en cause dans les romans de Claude Simon, ce qui nous conduit à établir une vision simonienne de l’Histoire. / Through a selection of Claude Simon’s novels, this thesis aims to consider the historical event from an innovative point of view. In order to do so, the historical event will be analysed not as something that has already happened, but as something that is still to come. In other words, if Claude Simon writes the historical event from the writing present than the period preceding the event must also be considered in this act. As such, Claude Simon describes, more often than not, the interval before the historical event, rather than the historical event itself. However, in waiting there is also an expectation that something should happen in a certain way. And yet, expectations often lead to disappointment in Claude Simon’s novels. Based on historical representations from history books and famous paintings, a certain image of history is portrayed and subsequently deconstructed. This thesis analyses the manner in which Claude Simon develops his own vision of history based on his immediate experience of historicals events. From the French Revolution to the Second World War, Claude Simon shows us how an individual is caught up in a history that he can never fully understand. Therefore, this thesis aims to show the relationship between waiting, expecting, the historical event, the individual and writing. From a shared national history to that of one individual’s traumatic experience, this thesis underlines how much the past and the present are influenced by the notions of waiting and expectation. Hence, it is through his novels that Claude Simon shares his deception, provoked by a false conception of history, since rejected after the historical events of the 20th century.

Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Primärvårdsjourens personal bistår hälsocentralernas patienter vid behov av såromläggningar när hälsocentralerna är stängda under helger samt helgdagar. Patienterna blir främst bokade för såromläggning från sin egen hälsocentral till primärvårdsjour. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa patienters upplevelse av såromläggningar på primärvårdsjour Metod: Som metod användes induktiv kvalitativ ansats där både enkäter och telefonintervjuer användes. Enkäterna besvarades av patienter som kom på bokade besök för såromläggningar på primärvårdsjouren. Intervjuerna genomfördes med semistrukturerade telefonintervjuer. Enkäterna och intervjuerna analyserades med manifest kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Vid analysen av enkäterna och intervjuerna framkom följande kategorier; Utförande och förbandsmaterial samt vårdmötet på Primärvårdsjour. Patienterna var nöjda med bemötandet från vårdpersonalen på primärvårdsjouren, vårdpersonalen ansågs trevlig professionell och effektiv vid såromläggningarna. Väntetiden beskrevs av patienterna som obefintlig eller minimal.  Även om såromläggningarna upplevdes olika av patienterna mellan primärvårdsjouren och patientens hälsocentral var patienterna nöjda med sina såromläggningar på primärvårdsjour. Patienterna upplevde en stor tacksamhet att få hjälp att lägga om sina sår på primärvårdsjouren. Slutsats: Patienterna upplevde sig bli väl bemötta på primärvårdsjouren. Väntetiderna upplevdes som minimala eller obefintliga. Utförandet av såromläggningarna på primärvårdsjouren upplevdes som mera tidseffektivt utförda och förbanden applicerades bättre i jämförelse med andra vårdenheter, enligt patienternas utsagor / Abstract Background: The personal at primary shelter assist all primary care centers patients when they need with wound dressing care during the weekends when their own primary care center is closed. The patients are booked by their primary care center to the primary shelter. Purpose: The purpose was to illuminate the patient’s experience of wound care dressing at primary shelter.  Method: An inductive qualitative method was used. Both questionnaires and telephone interviews was made. Questionnaires were answered by the patients who came to primary shelter for wound care dressing. The interviews were performed by semi structured telephone interviews. The questionnaires and interviews were analyzed with manifested qualitative content analysis.  Results: At the analyzing of results there were categories that was obtained as execution and dressings and care meeting on the primary care center. The patient were pleased with the treatment from the personal at the primary shelter, the personal was considered nice, professional and efficient during the wounds dressing. Time of waiting describes by the patients as minimal or no waiting at all. The experience of wounds dressing was different among the patients of their experience between their primary care center and the primary shelter was the patient pleased by their experience on the primary shelters operation with the wounds dressing. The patients experienced a great attitude towards the primary shelter. Conclusion: Patients experience being well treated at the primary care emergency service. The waiting times are perceived as minimal or non-existent. The performance of wound dressings at the primary care emergency service was perceived as more time-efficiently performed and the dressings were applied better in comparison to other care units, according to the patients' statements.

Background: In many developing countries, maternal deaths occur mainly as a result of unsafe abortions, a situation reflecting the inaccessibility of safe abortion services in such countries. In Ethiopia, unsafe abortion accounts for 32% of maternal deaths and almost 60% of gynaecological admissions, and is one of the top ten causes of general hospital admissions. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the views of women about the accessibility of safe abortion services in governmental health centres. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive and non-experimental study using structured questionnaires was conducted. 342 women who had received abortion care services in governmental health centres participated. Findings: 46.8% of the participants do not know about the penal code regarding safe abortion care. 52.9% of the participants viewed safe abortion care as inaccessible because there are various and competing factors which make abortion service to be viewed as accessible or inaccessible and these include distance to nearest health centre, the time it takes to receive the service, the cost of the service, and the lack of appropriate skills in the service providers. Conclusion: An improvement in the accessibility of abortion services will prevent deaths resulting from unsafe abortions / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)

Background: In many developing countries, maternal deaths occur mainly as a result of unsafe abortions, a situation reflecting the inaccessibility of safe abortion services in such countries. In Ethiopia, unsafe abortion accounts for 32% of maternal deaths and almost 60% of gynaecological admissions, and is one of the top ten causes of general hospital admissions. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the views of women about the accessibility of safe abortion services in governmental health centres. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive and non-experimental study using structured questionnaires was conducted. 342 women who had received abortion care services in governmental health centres participated. Findings: 46.8% of the participants do not know about the penal code regarding safe abortion care. 52.9% of the participants viewed safe abortion care as inaccessible because there are various and competing factors which make abortion service to be viewed as accessible or inaccessible and these include distance to nearest health centre, the time it takes to receive the service, the cost of the service, and the lack of appropriate skills in the service providers. Conclusion: An improvement in the accessibility of abortion services will prevent deaths resulting from unsafe abortions / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)