We prove that a torus transverse to an Axiom A vector field that does not exhibit sinks, sources or null homotopic periodic orbits on a closed irreducible 3-manifold is incompressible. / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas / Provaremos que um toro transversal a um campo de vetores Axioma A que não exibe poço, fonte e órbita periódica homotópica a um ponto sobre uma variedade tridimensional, fechada, irredutível é incompressível.

We investigate chaotic ionization of highly excited hydrogen atom in crossed electric and magnetic fields (Rydberg atom) and intra-molecular relaxation in planar carbonyl sulfide (OCS) molecule. The underlying theoretical framework of our studies is dynamical systems theory and periodic orbit theory. These theories offer formulae to compute expectation values of observables in chaotic systems with best accuracy available in given circumstances, however they require to have a good control and reliable numerical tools to compute unstable periodic orbits. We have developed such methods of computation and partitioning of the phase space of hydrogen atom in crossed at right angles electric and magnetic fields, represented by a two degree of freedom (dof) Hamiltonian system. We discuss extensions to a 3-dof setting by developing the methodology to compute unstable invariant tori, and applying it to the planar OCS, represented by a 3-dof Hamiltonian. We find such tori important in explaining anomalous relaxation rates in chemical reactions. Their potential application in Transition State Theory is discussed.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1990. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 275-298) / Microfiche. / x, 298 leaves, bound 29 cm

In this dissertation we study lattices in quotient spaces. The basic quotient spaces are: (1) n-dimensional euclidean tori, obtained from quotient of Rn by discrete groups of isometries ge- nerated by linearly independent translations and (2) hyperbolic °at g-tori (tori of genus g ¸ 2), obtained from quotient of hyperbolic plane by fuchsian groups. In the euclidean environment, the considered lattices are provided of the additive group Z2; while in the hyperbolic case the studied lattices are the geometrically uniform and the cyclic ones. / Neste trabalho estudamos reticulados em espaços quocientes. Os espaços quocientes considerados foram: (1) toros euclidianos n-dimensionais, obtidos pelo quociente de Rn por grupos discretos de isometrias gerados por translações linearmente independentes e (2) g-toros planos hiperbólicos (g ¸ 2) ; obtidos pelo quociente do plano hiperbólico por grupos fuchsianos. No caso euclidiano, os reticulados considerados foram provenientes de Z2; enquanto que no caso hiperbólico os reticulados estudados foram os geometricamente uniformes e os cíclicos. / Mestre em Matemática

Cette thèse donne une étude systématique des espaces de Sobolev, Besov et Triebel-Lizorkin sur le tore quantique. Ces espaces partagent beaucoup de propènes avec leurs analogues classiques. Nous prouvons le théorème de réduction pour tous ces espaces et une inégalité de Poincaré pour les espaces de Sobolev. Nous démontrons les inégalités de plongement pour eux, incluant le plongement d'espaces de Besov et d'espaces de Sobolev. Nous obtenons une caractérisation générale à la Littlewood-Paley pour les espaces de l3esov et Triebel-Lizorkin, qui implique des caractérisations concrètes par les semigroupes de Poisson et de chaleur ainsi par des différences. Certains d'entre elles sont nouvelles, même dans le cas commutatif; par exemple, celle d'espaces de Besov et Triebel-Lizorkin par le semigroupe de Poisson améliore le résultat classique. En conséquence de la caractérisation d'espaces de Besov par des différences, nous étendons les récents résultats de Bourgain-Brézis -Mironescu et Maz'ya-Shaposhnikova sur les limites de normes de Besov au cadre quantique. Nous étudions aussi l'interpolation de ces espaces, et en particulier, déterminons explicitement le K-fonctionnel du couple de l'espace Lp et l'espace de Sobolev, ce qui est l'analogue quantique du résultat classique de Johnen et Scherer. Enfin, nous montrons que les multiplicateurs de Fourier complètement bornés sur tous ces espaces coïncident avec ceux sur les espaces correspondants sur le tore usuel. Nous prouvons également que les multiplicateurs de Fourier sur les espaces de Besov sont complètement déterminés par ceux sur les sous-espaces Lp associés à leurs composantes dans la décomposition de Littlewood-Paley. / This thesis gives a systematic study of Sobolev, Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces on a noncommutative d-torus. We prove, arnong other basic properties, the lifting theorem for all these spaces and a Poincaré type inequality for Sobolev spaces. We establish the embedding inequalities of all these spaces, including the l3esov and Sobolev embedding theorems. We obtain Littlewood-Paley type characterizations for Besov and 'friebel-Lizorki spaces in a general way, as well as the concrete ones internas of the Poisson, heat semigroups and differences. Some of them are new even in the commutative case, for instance, oui Poisson semigroup characterization of Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces improves the classical ones. As a consequence of the characterization of the Besov spaces by differences, we extend to the quantum setting the recent results of Bourgain-Brézis -Mironescu and Maz'ya-Shaposhnikova on the limits of l3esov florins. We investigate the interpolation of all these spaces, in particular, deterrnine explicitly the K-functional of the couple of Lp space and Sobolev space, winch is the quantum analogue of a classical result due to Johnen and Scherer Finally, we show that the completely bounded Fourier multipliers on all these spaces coincide with those on the corresponding spaces on the usuel d-torus. We also give a quite simple description of (completely) bounded Fourier multipliers on the Besov spaces in ternis of their behavior on the Lp-components in the Littlevvood-Paley decomposition.

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In 1923, the poet Kitahara Hakushū wrote an essay entitled “Dōyō shikan” 童謡私観 or “Philosophy of Dōyō.” In it, he described a perspective on children that valued their innately creative potential. Hakushū felt that this potential was something that every child had and that could be enriched and drawn out through dōyō 童謡 (children's songs.) Hakushū’s views in this sense challenged the prevailing attitudes in the Taishō period toward children and toward the function that children’s songs and poetry should serve. Despite Hakushū’s prominence as a poet, the “Dōyō shikan” has never been translated or closely analyzed in English. The analysis of the “Dōyō shikan” provides a lens through which to view Hakushū’s poetry for children. The principles that Hakushū described in this essay for writing dōyō can be seen both in Hakushū’s own work and the work of children who submitted poetry to Akai tori, a literary magazine for which Hakushū managed poetry. Those principles stressed the need for the poet to replicate the child’s voice, mind, and imagination for the purpose of writing dōyō that were creative, artistic, and meaningful to children.

Turbulent wakes generated from an aircraft or submarine vehicles has been of main interest to researchers due to the broad band noise associated with such wakes. One such case is the noise generated by spiral vortices shed of from one blade interacting with another oncoming blade of helicopter rotor. Consequently, researchers have been trying to understand the basic physics and evolution of such wakes. Although there has been numerous studies done on plane wakes, there has been little research being done on laterally curved wakes. Single and two-point velocity measurements were taken on a plane and laterally curved turbulent wakes to understand the evolution and effect of lateral curvature into the far wake region. The analyses provide useful information in modeling curved or spiral wakes such as turbulence field surrounding tip vortices shed from a wing. In order to achieve our objectives, the Virginia Tech 3’ x 2’ subsonic wind tunnel was used to take velocity measurements of toroidal ring model and a straight cylinder as a control case. Velocity measurements were done using four sensor hot-wire anemometers, to obtain all mean velocity, Reynolds stress, triple product components of the turbulence field. Single point, spectra and two-point measurements of the wakes were performed throughout the development into the far wake region. The single point results reveal the universality of the mean axial velocity, however the Reynolds stresses and triple products were not universal illustrating that the turbulence field has its own length and velocity scales different from that of the mean flow. The effect of lateral curvature is mainly evidenced in the early development of the curved ring wake. The turbulent energy budget reveals similar trend for both wakes and plane wake achieves approximate equilibrium. The spectra result reveals for the plane wake that self-preservation is achieved for all scales of motion, while the ring wake does not achieve such a state. While the longitudinal correlations of both wakes are similar in form, in general difference in form and orientation prevailed over all indicating the difference in the turbulent structure of both wakes. Linear stochastic estimation reveals the presence of spanwise and double-roller eddy structures in the plane wake and only spanwise eddies were detected for the ring wake. / Master of Science

Le but de cette thèse est d’étudier l’analyse sur les espaces hpc(Rd,M), la version locale des espaces de Hardy à valeurs opératorielles construits par Tao Mei. Les espaces de Hardy locaux à valeurs opératorielles sont définis par les g-fonctions de Littlewood-Paley tronquées et les fonctions intégrables de Lusin tronquées associées au noyau de Poisson. Nous développons la théorie de Calderón-Zygmund sur hpc(Rd,M); nous étudions la dualité hpcbmocq et l’interpolation. D’après ces résultats, nous obtenons la caractérisation générale de hpc(Rd,M) en remplaçant le noyau de Poisson par des fonctions tests raisonnables. Ceci joue un rôle important dans la décomposition atomique lisse de h1c(Rd,M). En même temps, nous étudions aussi les espaces de Triebel-Lizorkin inhomogènes à valeurs opératorielles Fpα,c(Rd,M). Comme dans le cas classique, ces espaces sont connectés avec des espaces de Hardy locaux à valeurs opératorielles par les potentiels de Bessel. Grâce à l’aide de la théorie de Calderón-Zygmund, nous obtenons les caractérisations de type LittlewoodPaley et de type Lusin par des noyaux plus généraux. Ces caractérisations nous permettent d’étudier différentes propriétés de Fpα,c(Rd,M), en particulier, la décomposition atomique lisse. Ceci est une extension et une amélioration de la décomposition atomique précédente de h1c(Rd,M). Comme une application importante de cette décomposition atomique lisse, nous montrons la bornitude d’opérateurs pseudo-différentiels avec les symboles réguliers à valeurs opératorielles sur des espaces de Triebel-Lizorkin Fpα,c(Rd,M), pour α ∈ R et 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞. Finalement, grâce à la transférence, nous obtenons aussi la Fpα,c-bornitude d’opérateurs pseudo-différentiels sur les tores quantiques / This thesis is devoted to the study of the analysis on the spaces hpc(Rd,M), the local version of operator-valued Hardy spaces studied by Tao Mei. The operator-valued local Hardy spaces are defined by the truncated Littlewood-Paley g-functions and the truncated Lusin square functions associated to the Poisson kernel. We develop the Calderón-Zygmund theory on hpc(Rd,M), and study the hpc-bmocq duality and the interpolation. Based on these results, we obtain general characterization of hpc(Rd,M) which states that the Poisson kernel can be replaced by any reasonable test function. This characterization plays an important role in the smooth atomic decomposition of h1c(Rd,M). We also investigate the operator-valued inhomogeneous Triebel-Lizorkin spaces Fpα,c(Rd,M). Like in the classical case, these spaces are connected with the operator-valued local Hardy spaces via Bessel potentials. Then by the aid of the Calderón-Zygmund theory, we obtain the Littlewood-Paley type and the Lusin type characterizations of Fpα,c(Rd,M) by more general kernels. These characterizations allow us to study various properties of Fpα,c(Rd,M), in particular, the smooth atomic decomposition. This is an extension and an improvement of the previous atomic decomposition of h1c(Rd,M). As an important application of this smooth atomic decomposition, we show the boundedness of pseudo-differential operators with regular operator-valued symbols on Triebel-Lizorkin spaces Fpα,c(Rd,M), for α ∈ R and 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞. Finally, by virtue of transference, we obtain the Fpα,c-boundedness of pseudo-differential operators on quantum tori