劉熙賢. / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 1997. / 參考文獻 (leaves 95-97). / Liu Xixian. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)-- Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1997. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 95-97). / Chapter 第一章 --- 麥肯泰爾的德性理論 --- p.1 / Chapter 1. --- 導言 --- p.1 / Chapter 2. --- 德性與實踐 --- p.4 / Chapter 3. --- 敘述：行爲的歷史性格 --- p.7 / Chapter 4. --- 傳統文化的傳貽 --- p.10 / Chapter 第二章 --- 傳統與相對主義 --- p.14 / Chapter 1. --- 《誰之公正？何種理性？》的理論架構 --- p.14 / Chapter 2. --- 傳統與創建傳統的三個階段 --- p.16 / Chapter 3. --- 傳統與相對主義 --- p.20 / Chapter 4. --- 相對主義 --- p.24 / Chapter 5. --- 「知識論危機」 --- p.26 / Chapter 6. --- 批評 --- p.31 / Chapter 第三章 --- 可譯性與跨文化翻譯 --- p.38 / Chapter 1. --- 小引 --- p.38 / Chapter 2. --- 爲何討論翻譯理論？ --- p.40 / Chapter 3. --- 翻譯正名 --- p.45 / Chapter 4. --- 譯事之難 --- p.47 / Chapter 5. --- 本土與異文化：近代翻譯理論的啓示 --- p.54 / Chapter 6. --- 從名詞的翻譯論不可譯之因由 --- p.64 / Chapter 第四章 --- 從相對主義到可譯性 --- p.67 / Chapter 1. --- 「最難駁的相對主義」 --- p.67 / Chapter 2. --- 三種「不可翻譯性」 --- p.71 / Chapter 3. --- 文化沙文主義 --- p.75 / Chapter 4. --- 整理與批評 --- p.78 / Chapter 5. --- 結論 --- p.90 / 參考書目 --- p.95

盧慧欣. / "2001年8月" / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2001. / 參考文獻 (leaves 142-152) / 附中英文摘要. / "2001 nian 8 yue" / Lu Huixin. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2001. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 142-152) / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / 引言 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一章： --- 翻譯的透明度 / Chapter 1.1 --- 「透明度」釋義 --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2 --- 讀者與翻譯的透明度 --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3 --- 文努迪與赫曼斯論翻譯的「透明度」 --- p.19 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- 隱形的譯者´ؤ´ؤ文努迪 --- p.19 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- 不透明的翻譯行爲´ؤ´ؤ赫曼斯 --- p.22 / Chapter 第二章： --- 字幕翻譯的透明度 / Chapter 2.1 --- 電影翻譯的形式 --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2 --- 字幕與配音的出現 --- p.25 / Chapter 2.3 --- 字幕翻譯的透明度 --- p.28 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- 配音的透明度 --- p.34 / Chapter 2.4 --- 香港的電影翻譯發展由「解話佬」到字幕翻譯 --- p.38 / Chapter 第三章： --- 漢語書面語字幕的透明度 / Chapter 3.1 --- 詞義闡釋 --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2 --- 粤語與規範漢語的分歧一香港口語與書面語的割裂 --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3 --- 漢語書面語字幕的透明度 --- p.46 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- 口語訊息的歪曲 --- p.46 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- 人物形象及語言特色的劃一 --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- 語域的限制 --- p.58 / Chapter 第四章： --- 粤語字幕的透明度 / Chapter 4.1 --- 粤語書寫語的應用 --- p.62 / Chapter 4.2 --- 外語電影的粤語字幕翻譯 --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- 發展槪況 --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- 分類 --- p.82 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- 應用特點 --- p.86 / Chapter 4.3 --- 《玩謝麥高維治》的粤語字幕 --- p.96 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- 粤語字幕與電影人物的話語特徵 --- p.97 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- 粤語語音與電影對白的聲音效果 --- p.111 / Chapter 第五章： --- 香港觀眾與粤語字幕的透明度 / Chapter 5.1 --- 電影討論區的觀眾意見 --- p.117 / Chapter 5.2 --- 觀眾意向問卷調查 --- p.123 / Chapter 5.3 --- 商業系統中的觀眾因素 --- p.128 / 總結 / 粤語字幕的透明度 --- p.131 / 粤語字幕的限制與發展空間 --- p.132 / 附錄一：電影討論區觀眾意見表列 --- p.137 / 附錄二 ：字幕翻譯問卷調查受訪者資料 --- p.141 / 參考書目 --- p.142

Orientador: Maria Angélica Deângeli / Banca: Angélica Karim Garcia Simão / Banca: Érica Luciene Alves de Lima / Resumo: Neste trabalho buscamos demonstrar como os títulos jornalísticos do jornal Le Monde traduzidos pelo portal UOL podem (re)direcionar as interpretações das reportagens, bem como tais traduções podem propagar representações "enviesadas" sobre o outro, ao reforçarem estereótipos e pré-julgamentos dos envolvidos nos fatos noticiados. Com o intuito de elaborar uma reflexão acerca do sujeito e sua relação com mundo globalizado, retomamos os estudos de Hall (2000), de Silva (2000) e de Bauman (2005), chamando atenção para a questão indissociável entre língua e identidade. Na conjuntura pósmoderna, os meios tecnológicos de comunicação deram velocidade não só ao modo como se produz informação, mas também dinamizaram a propagação de conteúdo de toda sorte, na internet, por meio de traduções. No que diz respeito à questão da tradução, nesta pesquisa, apoiamo-nos nos trabalhos de Arrojo (1986; 1996), de Rodrigues (2006; 2008) e de Crépon (2004), para pensarmos o papel da tradução enquanto discurso que sustenta a "prática da diferença". Com relação à tradução jornalística, discorremos sobre as transformações que tais textos apresentam, transformações motivadas por fatores não só estilísticos, mas também e, principalmente, culturais, políticos, econômicos e ideológicos sobre os quais, na maioria das vezes, o tradutor não tem nenhum controle. Para tanto, destacamos os trabalhos de Guerrero (2004; 2006; 2008), de Zipser e Polchlopek (2009), de Bielsa e Bassnett (2009), de Moreno (2003),... / Abstract: This essay aims to demonstrate how the headlines of the Le Monde newspaper translated by the UOL portal can (re)direct the interpretations of the news coverage. Furthermore, such translations may propagate "biased" representations of the 'other' by reinforcing stereotypes and pre-concepts of those involved in the facts reported. With the purpose of elaborating a reflection about the subject and its relationship with the world, this essay focuses on the studies of Hall (2000), Silva (2000) and Bauman (2005), drawing attention to the inseparability between language and identity. In this postmodern conjuncture, the technological means of communication accelerated not only how information is produced, but also the dynamics of dissemination of content of all sorts on the internet through translations. With regard to translations, this essay supports the work of Arrojo (1986); Rodrigues (2006, 2008) and Crépon (2004) about the role of translation as a discourse that underpins the "practice of difference". The analysis also focuses on the transformations that these texts present, and how they are motivated by factors not only related to stylistics, but also, and mainly, to cultural, political, economic, and ideological issues that in most cases the translator has no control over. On this matter, the argument is supported by the works of Guerrero (2004; 2006; 2008), Zipser and Polchlopek (2009), Bielsa and Bassnett (2009), Moreno (2003), among others. In the analysis, it is ... / Mestre

This thesis presents a study on the subtitler's visibility management as manifested by their subtitling approaches. The special textuality and the recent digitization of subtitling practices make the subtitler's visibility management through subtitling an issue that is rather distinctive from the translator's visibility in general. Previous studies that directly investigate subtitler's visibility tend to focus on subtitler's relatively restricted and/or linear social interactions, while relevant discussion that examines their non-linear social interactions such as subtitling is very rare. Almost no study has provided either a conceptualization of subtitler's visibility or a systematic analytical framework specifically for analysing the subtitler's visibility management through subtitling. In the current study, the author examines the subtitler's visibility management through subtitling by comparing WHV industrial subtitlers' and YYeTs fansubbers' subtitling approaches to The Big Bang Theory. Based on Nornes's (2007) notions of corrupt and abusive subtitling and Ortabasi's critiques on the lack of multimodality in these notions, it has been hypothesized that the two groups of subtitlers' approaches differ in two dimensions and three aspects of issues. Accordingly, an analytical framework is constructed to systematically interrogate the two groups of subtitlers' visibility management as reflected by their subtitling approaches: 1) comparing their subtitling approaches to the verbal and nonverbal issues identified in the represented dimension; 2) comparing their subtitling approaches to the technical issues identified in the representing dimension; 3) comparing and discussing how their relatively different approaches in the two dimensions demonstrate their different visibility management. The findings suggest that the ways in which WHV industrial subtitlers and YYeTs fansubbers manage their visibility differently are multifaceted and bidimensional. First, the industrial subtitlers tend to adopt a relatively corrupt approach and the fansubbers tend to adopt a relatively abusive approach in the represented dimension, while the relative differences between their approaches are more drastic in the verbal aspect than in the nonverbal aspect. Second, the above-found relative differences between the two groups of subtitlers' approaches are even more explicitly consistent in the technical aspect of the representing dimension. Third, in both dimensions, the industrial subtitlers gain less visibility through the relatively corrupt approach and the fansubbers acquire more visibility through the relatively abusive approach. More profoundly, by adopting the relatively corrupt approach, the industrial subtitlers perform gatekeepers in the represented dimension and adherents in the representing dimension; by using the relatively abusive approach, the fansubbers present themselves as educators in the represented dimension and as innovators in the representing dimension. Beyond these findings, this thesis also makes broader theoretical and methodological contributions. It has demonstrated how a nonbinary and generative conceptualization of the subtitler's visibility from a sociological perspective, hitherto never provided by previous discussions, can lead to more fruitful investigations on the subtitler's visibility management. This combination of Nornes's (2007) notions of corrupt and abusive subtitling and Ortabasi's (2007) critiques on them offers us a set of analytical tools for thoroughly investigating how subtitlers manage their visibility differently through subtitling.

Thesis (M.A. (African Languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2005 / Pictures play a role in dictionaries as they show what a particular object looks like. African languages do not always have readily available translation equivalents for some of the English words, and also, English does not always have translation equivalents for Tshivenda cultural bound words. The study has been undertaken to try to solve the problem of lack of equivalents when English and Tshivenda are used as the treated languages in a bilingual dictionary. The study discovered that lexicographers of Tshivenda-English and English-Tshivenda dictionaries do not always give direct and appropriate translation equivalents for English scientific and technological terms in Tshivenda and translation equivalents for Tshivenda cultural bound words. The study found that these lexicographers end up giving transliteration of scientific and technological terms and even a mere borrowing of Tshivenda cultural terms as translation equivalents. In this case the study recommends that Ostensive addressing be introduced in Tshivenda – English and English – Tshivenda bilingual dictionaries as a solution to the problem of lacking equivalents and that pictures not be used excessively but only where necessary and be given immediately after the lemma in the microstructure of a dictionary.

Thesis (M.A.(African language))--University of Limpopo, 2011 / The aim of this study was to investigate the problems encountered by translators when translating medical terms from English into Tshivenda. It has been revealed in this study that the major problem that the translators are confronted with is lack of terminology in the specialized field such as Health. This problem is caused by the fact that different languages entail a variety of culture. The study revealed that most translators and lexicographers resort to transliteration and borrowing when confronted with zero-equivalence. They regard transliteration and borrowing as the quickest possible strategies. The study discovered that transliteration should not be opted as an alternative strategy to deal with zero-equivalence as users will be led to a state of confusion. The study revealed that communicative translation is regarded as the most fruitful method of translation as it conveys the exact message of the original in a best possible manner. Both the source and the target users get the same message.

Thesis (M.A.(Translation Studies)) --University of Limpopo, 2013 / Refer to document

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University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of English

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of English