Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Montana, 2008. / Title from title screen. Description based on contents viewed May 5, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-119).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Divinity School, June 2002. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:52:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 5477035 bytes, checksum: fb9e7c74fc013396c072aff992c6e979 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Indian Carnival Tribe is the name of a cultural expression that traditionally participates into the city´s carnival of Joao Pessoa. Musical and danced staging of an Amerindian inspiriting ritual, represents a fight between Indians where the matança and the ressurreição are musically differentiated moments. This work studies, from an ethnomusicology perspective and so, focusing as much the artistic constitutive elements as the social, economic and politic context in which is inserted, the ways of its transmission. Thus, the main data collection tool is the participant observation achieved in the Mandacaru borough, where, currently, takes place the main group investigated, the Indian Carnival Tribe called Tupinambá. The present text is product of this ethnographic process as well as the result of a bibliographic research that follows two prevailing threads. One is the revision of the literature destined to Indian Carnival Tribes or Cabocolinhos,expression that shares characteristics and influences with the first one. The other is the looking for the concepts that provides the study theory basis brought, principally, from the area of ethnomusicology and music education. Providing a wider theoretical scheme for the analyses of music transmission in these contexts, Blacking, Nettl and Merriam supply the first theories. Some works of Brazilian researchers, as Margarete Arroyo and Luciana Prass, provided precious models of investigating in music transmission. The idea of participatory performance developed by Thomas Turino is the basis for the exam of how the elements that construct the artistic expression work as mechanisms of music transmission. The ideas of Shils and Hobsbawm about tradition and identity contribute to understand the signification that the play takes for their makers. Therefore, I aim to know how the very constitution of the activity, the participants way of life as well as the signification that this means to their makers, influence into the learning and the transmission processes of the same. / Denominam-se Tribo Indígena Carnavalesca uma das expressões culturais que desfilam tradicionalmente no carnaval da cidade de João Pessoa. Encenação dramática de um ritual de inspiração ameríndia, dançada e musicada, representa uma luta entre índios onde matança e ressurreição dão lugar a momentos musicais diferenciados. Este trabalho estuda, desde uma perspectiva etnomusicológica, e portanto, focada tanto nos elementos que constituem a manifestação artística quanto no contexto social, econômico e político em que está inserida, os modos de transmissão da mesma. Com este objetivo, o principal instrumento de coleta de dados é a observação participante realizada no bairro Mandacaru, onde hoje tem sede o grupo principal da pesquisa, a Tribo Indígena Carnavalesca Tupinambá. O texto presente é resultado deste processo etnográfico assim como de uma pesquisa bibliográfica que segue duas linhas predominantes. Uma é a revisão de literatura dedicada até a data às Tribos de Índio ou Cabocolinhos, manifestação com a que as primeiras compartilham traços e influências. A outra é a procura dos conceitos que fornecem a base teórica deste estudo, provenientes, na maioria dos casos, da área da etnomusicologia e da educação musical. Proporcionando o marco mais amplo de pensamento para a análise da transmissão da música nestes contextos, Blacking, Nettl e Merriam fornecem as primeiras teorias. Trabalhos de pesquisadoras brasileiras, como Margarete Arroyo e Luciana Prass, forneceram modelos valiosos de pesquisa sobre transmissão musical. A ideia de performance participativa de Thomas Turino é a base para o exame de como os elementos que constituem a manifestação funcionam como mecanismos de transmissão musical. As ideias de Shils e Hobsbawm sobre tradição e identidade irão contribuir para entender a significação que a brincadeira tem para seus realizadores. Deste modo, procuramos entender como a própria constituição desta, o modo de vida dos seus realizadores assim como a significação que a primeira tem para estes, influenciam na aprendizagem e na transmissão da mesma.

Le Canon de Scanderbeg n'est libellé ni proclamé par aucun organe législatif ou exécutif de l'État, il n'est décrété par aucun monarque et n'est imposé par aucun envahisseur : le droit coutumier est né de la nécessité de régler la vie des communautés rurales sur le plan judiciaire en l’absence de lois.Un rôle important y est accordé aux Anciens dans la gestion de la vie de la communauté rurale. Jusqu’à la création de l'État albanais, les us et les coutumes ont fonctionné comme des organes régissant les rapports entre personnes, entre membres d’une famille, d’une tribu, d’une région et entre les régions.Au fil du temps, ils sont devenus des normes, donnant naissance au droit coutumier albanais. L'évolution du droit coutumier non écrit s'est reflétée au cours des siècles dans les normes coutumières.Le Canon de Scanderbeg est conçu comme une unité organique comportant des éléments convergents et divergents avec les autres Canons. Cette diversité y a été représentée en une mosaïque de nuances définies en termes spécifiques.Le coutumier de Scanderbeg est riche en normes qui embrassent plusieurs aspects de la vie du peuple ; leur diversité témoigne de l'ancienneté de son usage.Bien qu’il offre l’aspect d’une unité organique indépendante, le Coutumier de Scanderbeg, au même titre que les autres coutumiers du peuple albanais, se rattache d'une part à une plus grande unité et d'autre part se subdivise à son tour en plusieurs subdivisions plus petites.Il confirme l’idée que les différents coutumiers du peuple albanais ont un grand nombre de points de contact entre eux ; cela justifie la thèse de l'existence d'un patrimoine commun comme une unité plus haute, que l'on peut appeler le droit coutumier du peuple albanais.Le Canon de Scanderbeg est donc considéré comme un corpus juris appliqué jusqu'à une période récente dans les régions placées sous la domination des Kastriotes, en particulier les régions de Mat, Krujë, Dibër, Kurbnesh, Bendë, Tamadhë et Martanesh.Le Canon de Scanderbeg comprend 225 pages ; il est reparti en 7 parties, 33 chapitres, 241 articles et 3534 paragraphes. Cette œuvre traite de l'organisation de la vie en famille, des droits et des devoirs de ses membres, des règles concernant le domicile et le patrimoine, du droit au patrimoine et à l'héritage, de la division de la famille, de la vente et l'achat d'une maison, des institutions de l'hospitalité et de la parole donnée, de l'organisation et de la cohabitation au niveau du voisinage et au niveau régional.Elle évoque aussi la hiérarchie et le fonctionnement de la vie au sein de la famille, de la tribu, du village, de la bannière, de la région, ainsi que des droits et des devoirs de l'individu et de la collectivité. Les normes coutumières de la vendetta, de la justice privée, des institutions, des garanties, du serment et de la réconciliation font l’objet de chapitres particuliers. On y trouve aussi des normes qui définissent la position des institutions religieuses, de l'église et de la mosquée. / The research on the canon law is an important aspect of the study of the history of Albanian people, particularly of their culture. Its evolution over the centuries has also been expressed in unwritten norms, inherited generation after generation, which reflect the socio-economic situation of different regions during the past periods and which in Albania were given the name of Greek-Byzantine origin”kanun” (canon).We know the Canon of Scanderbeg, the Canon of Dukagini, the Canon of Malsia e Madhe and of the Laberia. As early as the beginning of the XIXth century in the context of the research on the research on the Albanian history, language and culture, the first studies undertaken by foreign albanologists on the ethnocultural traditions became apparent.Among them, there were travelers and diplomats, as; Lik, Pukvil, A. Bue, Hekard, who fokuced genuine on the customary law. By the middle of the 19tth century an important step was made in this direction by the Austrian consul J.G Han who made known to the scientific world, the customary law and its institutions, the ancient character of which, as he pointed and was closely linked which the origin of the Albanian people.Han made an introduction of the law of the Mountains of the Canon of Scanderbeg which operated in Mat and Diber. In this wide territory lay in the past the principality of the Kastriots, whose memory, besides the documents is also preserved in numerous legends and toponyms, which Albanian people devoted to Scanderbeg. In this territory there exists a very detailed variant of the Canon, which Albanian people call the Canon of Scanderbeg. This canon contains similar fundamental principles of canonical law, but in the traces of its development, we also come across alien influences, especially those of the Sheriat.

Este trabalho trata do estudo taxonômico da tribo Dalbergieae no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Foram reconhecidos seis gêneros e 17 espécies nativas: Andira Lam. (A. fraxinifolia Benth.); Centrolobium Mart. ex Benth. [C. microchaete (Mart. ex Benth.) Lima]; Dalbergia L.f. [D. brasiliensis (Vell.) Britt., D. ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub., D. ernest-ulei Hoehne, D. frutescens (Vell.) Britt., D. lateriflora Benth.]; Machaerium Pers.[M. dimorphandrum Hoehne, M. hatschbachii Rudd, M. hirtum (Vell.) Stellfeld, M. nyctitans (Vell.) Benth., M. paraguariense Hassl., M. stipitatum Vogel, M. uncinatum (Vell.) Benth., M. vestitum Vogel]; Platymiscium Vogel (P. floribundum Vogel); Pterocarpus Jacq. (P. rohrii Vahl). São fornecidos chaves analíticas para identificação de gêneros e de espécies, descrições, ilustrações, dados e mapas de distribuição geográfica, dados sobre floração, frutificação e utilidades e observações ecológicas. / This paper presents a taxonomic treatment of the tribe Dalbergieae in the Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Six genus and 17 native species are recognized: Andira Lam. (A. fraxinifolia Benth.); Centrolobium Mart. ex Benth. [C. microchaete (Mart. ex Benth.) Lima]; Dalbergia L.f. [D. brasiliensis (Vell.) Britt., D. ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub., D. ernest-ulei Hoehne, D. frutescens (Vell.) Britt., D. lateriflora Benth.]; Machaerium Pers.[M. dimorphandrum Hoehne, M. hatschbachii Rudd, M. hirtum (Vell.) Stellfeld, M. nyctitans (Vell.) Benth., M. paraguariense Hassl., M. stipitatum Vogel, M. uncinatum (Vell.) Benth., M. vestitum Vogel]; Platymiscium Vogel (P. floribundum Vogel); Pterocarpus Jacq. (P. rohrii Vahl). Analytical keys for the genus and species identification, descriptions, illustrations, data and maps about geographical distribution, periods of flowering and fruiting, utility and ecological observations are also provided.

Excessive exploitation of natural resources and devastation of wild nature leads to drastic biodiversity decline. Macaws are endangered by trade for their beautiful colourful feathers, ability to learn to talk and become great companion parrot. Eight of the sixteen species of macaws are classified as vulnerable, endangered or critically endangered and all populations of macaws are decreasing. Species Cyanopsitta spixii is extinct in wild nature. Aims of my thesis are evaluation of world trade with species of Arini tribe, according to the temporal aspect, country of export, country of import and for individual species. In the second part of thesis are complete information about biology and biogeography of macaw species, their occurrence in nature and breading in captivity. The first analysis of trade with macaw's species provides statements about export and import countries, most traded species and commodities, source of the specimens and purpose of the transaction. Results of analysis shows, that in during period 1981 - 2013 was traded with 260 476 specimens. The most traded species were Ara ararauna, Ara chloroptera and Diopsittaca nobilis. Countries with highest export were Guyana, Bolivia and South Africa and country with highest import was The United States of America.

This thesis examines the extent to which the Karuk Tribe has participated in natural resource management regulatory processes, using the Klamath River Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) process as a particular case study for evaluation. One of the most effective ways that the Tribe participates in the TMDL process is through the rigorous adoption of the technical tools of regulatory science. Collaboration with nontribal organizations is also used to build capacity for participation. The Tribe’s active participation in the TMDL process has in turn shaped the process, making it more inclusive of tribal values and traditional knowledge, improving overall scientific inquiry, and facilitating increased cooperation among tribal and non-tribal resource managers. At the same time, the Tribe’s participation in the process remains “uneven,” underscoring the ongoing challenge of making regulatory processes that recognize the legitimacy of tribal knowledge and values.

Work has the aim to describe charakteristics of scales selected species fish from the Central America and evaluace relationship with view on the group and compare scalimetric evolutional tree with molecular. Relationship between Heroini and Cichlasomatini is really close and Heroini constitute the second largest tribe of neotropical cichlids. These fish are very varied. Heroini is considered as monofyletic group. Development of the tribe in two branches. Theoretic part of this work is focused on phylogenetic knowledge from the other authors and group description. In the part with own issues there are characteristics of scales, microphotographs.

Este trabalho trata do estudo taxonômico da tribo Dalbergieae no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Foram reconhecidos seis gêneros e 17 espécies nativas: Andira Lam. (A. fraxinifolia Benth.); Centrolobium Mart. ex Benth. [C. microchaete (Mart. ex Benth.) Lima]; Dalbergia L.f. [D. brasiliensis (Vell.) Britt., D. ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub., D. ernest-ulei Hoehne, D. frutescens (Vell.) Britt., D. lateriflora Benth.]; Machaerium Pers.[M. dimorphandrum Hoehne, M. hatschbachii Rudd, M. hirtum (Vell.) Stellfeld, M. nyctitans (Vell.) Benth., M. paraguariense Hassl., M. stipitatum Vogel, M. uncinatum (Vell.) Benth., M. vestitum Vogel]; Platymiscium Vogel (P. floribundum Vogel); Pterocarpus Jacq. (P. rohrii Vahl). São fornecidos chaves analíticas para identificação de gêneros e de espécies, descrições, ilustrações, dados e mapas de distribuição geográfica, dados sobre floração, frutificação e utilidades e observações ecológicas. / This paper presents a taxonomic treatment of the tribe Dalbergieae in the Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Six genus and 17 native species are recognized: Andira Lam. (A. fraxinifolia Benth.); Centrolobium Mart. ex Benth. [C. microchaete (Mart. ex Benth.) Lima]; Dalbergia L.f. [D. brasiliensis (Vell.) Britt., D. ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub., D. ernest-ulei Hoehne, D. frutescens (Vell.) Britt., D. lateriflora Benth.]; Machaerium Pers.[M. dimorphandrum Hoehne, M. hatschbachii Rudd, M. hirtum (Vell.) Stellfeld, M. nyctitans (Vell.) Benth., M. paraguariense Hassl., M. stipitatum Vogel, M. uncinatum (Vell.) Benth., M. vestitum Vogel]; Platymiscium Vogel (P. floribundum Vogel); Pterocarpus Jacq. (P. rohrii Vahl). Analytical keys for the genus and species identification, descriptions, illustrations, data and maps about geographical distribution, periods of flowering and fruiting, utility and ecological observations are also provided.

Este trabalho trata do estudo taxonômico da tribo Dalbergieae no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Foram reconhecidos seis gêneros e 17 espécies nativas: Andira Lam. (A. fraxinifolia Benth.); Centrolobium Mart. ex Benth. [C. microchaete (Mart. ex Benth.) Lima]; Dalbergia L.f. [D. brasiliensis (Vell.) Britt., D. ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub., D. ernest-ulei Hoehne, D. frutescens (Vell.) Britt., D. lateriflora Benth.]; Machaerium Pers.[M. dimorphandrum Hoehne, M. hatschbachii Rudd, M. hirtum (Vell.) Stellfeld, M. nyctitans (Vell.) Benth., M. paraguariense Hassl., M. stipitatum Vogel, M. uncinatum (Vell.) Benth., M. vestitum Vogel]; Platymiscium Vogel (P. floribundum Vogel); Pterocarpus Jacq. (P. rohrii Vahl). São fornecidos chaves analíticas para identificação de gêneros e de espécies, descrições, ilustrações, dados e mapas de distribuição geográfica, dados sobre floração, frutificação e utilidades e observações ecológicas. / This paper presents a taxonomic treatment of the tribe Dalbergieae in the Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Six genus and 17 native species are recognized: Andira Lam. (A. fraxinifolia Benth.); Centrolobium Mart. ex Benth. [C. microchaete (Mart. ex Benth.) Lima]; Dalbergia L.f. [D. brasiliensis (Vell.) Britt., D. ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub., D. ernest-ulei Hoehne, D. frutescens (Vell.) Britt., D. lateriflora Benth.]; Machaerium Pers.[M. dimorphandrum Hoehne, M. hatschbachii Rudd, M. hirtum (Vell.) Stellfeld, M. nyctitans (Vell.) Benth., M. paraguariense Hassl., M. stipitatum Vogel, M. uncinatum (Vell.) Benth., M. vestitum Vogel]; Platymiscium Vogel (P. floribundum Vogel); Pterocarpus Jacq. (P. rohrii Vahl). Analytical keys for the genus and species identification, descriptions, illustrations, data and maps about geographical distribution, periods of flowering and fruiting, utility and ecological observations are also provided.