• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 5
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 14
  • 14
  • 6
  • 6
  • 5
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Detection and removal of wind turbine ice : Method review and a CFD simulation test

Bravo Jimenez, Ismael January 2018 (has links)
Nowadays, the energy sector is facing a huge demand that needs to be covered. Wind energy is one of the most promising energy resources as it is free from pollution, clean and probably will arise as one of the main energy sources to prevent global warming from happening. Almost 10% of the global energy demand is coming from renewable resources. By 2050 this percentage is expected to grow to 60%. Therefore, efforts on wind turbine technology (i.e. reliability, design…) need to be coped with this growth. Currently, large wind energy projects are usually carried out in higher altitudes and cold climates. This is because almost all of the cold climates worldwide offer profitable wind power resources and great wind energy potential. Operating with wind turbines in cold climates bring interesting advantages as a result of higher air density and consequently stronger winds (wind power is around 10% higher in the Nordic regions). Not only benefits can be obtained but extreme conditions force to follow harsh conditions. Low temperatures and ice accretion present an important issue to solve as can cause several problems in fatigue loads, the balance of the rotor and aerodynamics, safety risks, turbine performance, among others. As wind energy is growing steadily on icy climates is crucial that wind turbines can be managed efficiently and harmlessly during the time they operate. The collected data for the ice detection, de-icing and anti-icing systems parts was obtained through the company Arvato Bertelsmann and is also based on scientific papers. In addition, computer simulations were performed, involving the creation of a wind tunnel under certain conditions in order to be able to carry out the simulations (1st at 0ºC, 2nd at -10ºC) with the turbine blades rotating in cold regions as a standard operation. In this project, Computational Fluids Dynamics (CFD) simulation on a 5MW wind turbine prototype with ice accretion on the blades to study how CL and CD can change, also different measures of ice detection, deicing and anti-icing systems for avoiding ice accumulation will be discussed. Simulation results showed a logical correlation as expected, increasing the drag force about 5.7% and lowering the lift force 17,5% thus worsening the turbine's efficiency.
12

Experimental Investigation of Performance, Flow Interactions and Rotor Forcing in Axial Partial Admission Turbines

Fridh, Jens January 2012 (has links)
The thesis comprises a collection of four papers with preceding summary and supplementary appendices. The core investigation solely is of experimental nature although reference and comparisons with numerical models will be addressed. The first admission stage in an industrial steam turbine is referred to as the control stage if partial admission is applied. In order to achieve high part load efficiency and a high control stage output it is routinely applied in industrial steam turbines used in combined heat and power plants which frequently operate at part load. The inlet flow is individually throttled into separate annular arcs leading to the first stator row. Furthermore, partial admission is sometimes used in small-scale turbine stages to avoid short vanes/blades in order to reduce the impact from the tip leakage and endwall losses. There are three main aspects regarding partial admission turbines that need to be addressed. Firstly, there are specific aerodynamic losses: pumping-, emptying- and filling losses attributed to the partial admission stage. Secondly, if it is a multistage turbine, the downstream stages experience non-periodic flow around the periphery and circumferential pressure gradients and flow angle variations that produce additional mixing losses. Thirdly, the aeromechanical condition is different compared to full admission turbines and the forcing on downstream components is also circumferentially non-periodic with transient load changes. Although general explanations for partial admission losses exist in open literature, details and loss mechanisms have not been addressed in the same extent as for other sources of losses in full admission turbines. Generally applicable loss correlations are still lacking. High cycle fatigue due to unforeseen excitation frequencies or due to under estimated force magnitudes, or a combination of both causes control stage breakdowns. The main objectives of this thesis are to experimentally explore and determine performance and losses for a wide range of partial admission configurations. And, to perform a forced response analysis from experimental data for the axial test turbine presented herein in order to establish the forced response environment and identify particularities important for the design of control stages. Performance measurements concerning the efficiency trends and principal circumferential and axial pressure distortions demonstrate the applicability of the partial admission setup employed in the test turbine. Findings reveal that the reaction degree around the circumference varies considerably and large flow angle deviations downstream of the first rotor are present, not only in conjunction to the sector ends but stretching far into the admission sector. Furthermore, it is found that the flow capacity coefficient increases with reduced admission degree and the filling process locally generates large rotor incidence variation associated with high loss. Moreover, the off design conditions and efficiency deficit of downstream stages are evaluated and shown to be important when considering the overall turbine efficiency. By going from one to two arcs at 52.4% admission nearly a 10% reduction in the second stage partial admission loss, at design operating point was deduced from measurements. Ensemble averaged results from rotating unsteady pressure measurements indicate roughly a doubling of the normalized relative dynamic pressure at rotor emptying compared to an undisturbed part of the admission jet for 76.2% admission. Forced response analysis reveals that a large number of low engine order force impulses are added or highly amplified due to partial admission because of the blockage, pumping, loading and unloading processes. For the test turbine investigated herein it is entirely a combination of number of rotor blades and low engine order excitations that cause forced response vibrations. One possible design approach in order to change the force spectrum is to alter the relationship between admitted and non-admitted arc lengths. / Denna sammanläggningsavhandling består av fyra artiklar och föregås av en sammanfattning med kompletterande bilagor. Kärnan av undersökningen är experimentell även om referenser och jämförelser med numeriska modeller förekommer där så bedöms lämpligt. Det första steget i en industriell ångturbin kallas reglersteg om partialpådrag tillämpas. Det används rutinmässigt i kraftvärmeanläggningar som ofta körs vid dellaster för att åstadkomma en hög dellastverkningsgrad och hög stegeffekt. Inloppsflödet delas in separata och individuellt strypreglerade pådragsbågar som leder till det första munstycksgittret. Ibland används partialpådrag i små turbiner för att undvika korta blad och på så sätt minska takläckage och ändväggsförlusternas inflytande på den totala förlusten. Det finns i huvudsak tre aerodynamiska/aeromekaniska egenheter som bör beaktas. Först det första är det speciella aerodynamiska förluster associerade till partialpådrag eller reglersteget: ventilations-, tömnings och fyllningsförluster. För det andra, om det är en flerstegsturbin påverkas också nedströms steg negativt av det asymmetriska flödet runt omkretsen som innefattar stora tryckvariationer och flödesvinkelvariationer. För det tredje är den aeromekaniska situationen speciell jämfört med ett fullpådraget steg. För partialpådrag existerar dynamiska krafter med snabba laständringar vid in och utpassering i pådragsbågen. Även om det existerar generella förklaringar i den öppna litteraturen angående förluster så har inte förlustmekanismerna utretts i samma omfattning jämfört med fullpådrag. Ingen generell förlustkorrelation finns. Utmattning på grund oförutsedda excitationsfrekvenser, underskattade kraftamplituder eller en kombination av båda orsakar reglerstegshaveri för ångturbinintressenter. De huvudsakliga målsättningarna med denna studie är att experimentellt utforska och bestämma prestanda och förluster för ett stort antal partialpådragskonfigurationer. Samt att genomföra en vibrationsanalys (relaterat till aerodynamiska kraftimpulser) utifrån mätdata från provturbinen avhandlad häri. Detta för att kartlägga de aeromekaniska förutsättningarna och om möjligt identifiera egenheter viktiga för konstruktion av reglersteg. Prestandamätningar rörande verkningsgradstrender och generella strömningsvariationer runt omkretsen bekräftar resultat från den öppna litteraturen och därmed demonstrerar dugligheten av den partialpådragskonfiguration som används i luftprovturbinen. Dessutom visar resultaten bland annat att reaktionsgraden varierar kraftigt runt omkretsen med stora variationer i rotorns utloppsvinkel inte enbart i anslutning till sektorändar utan långt in i pådragssektorn. Flödeskapacitetskoefficienten eller turbinkonstanten ökar med minskat pådrag och fyllningsprocessen genererar stora variationer i rotorns inloppsvinkel förknippade med höga förluster. Det är viktigt att beakta dellastförutsättningarna och verkningsgradsminskningen för nedströms steg. Genom att använda två pådragsbågar istället för en för ett givet pådrag av 52,4% minskar partialpådragsförlusterna för nedströmssteget med nästan 10 % vid designpunkten, härlett från mätningar. Samlade medelvärden från roterande instationära mätningar visar på en fördubbling av det relativa dynamiska trycket vid rotortömning jämfört med en opåverkad del av pådragsbågen. Vibrationsanalys (relaterat till aerodynamiska kraftimpulser) av mätdata avslöjar att partialpådrag orsakar en stor mängd kraftimpulser med låga varvtalsmultiplar, främst från ventilationen och påavlastningsprocesserna. För provturbinen så är det helt och hållet kombinationer mellan antalet rotorblad och dessa kraftimpulser som orsakar strömningspåverkade vibrationer. Ett möjligt tillvägagångssätt konstruktionsmässigt för att ändra kraftspektrumet är att ändra längförhållandet mellan pådragen och blockerad del. / QC 20120109
13

PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF THE CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITYWIND TURBINE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF WIND AVAILABILITY

Wo, Chung 21 February 2014 (has links)
No description available.
14

Návrh malého proudového motoru do 1kN tahu / Design of small jet engine to 1kN thrust

Gongol, Jakub January 2013 (has links)
This work will be focused on issue of a jet engine. The thesis will be divided into search retrieval part and computational part. In the search retrieval part it will focus on different configurations of jet engines as well as areas of their use. The main part of the thesis will however focus on a calculations where a turbine, compressor and an exhaust nozzle will be designed in order to give a thrust of approximately 1kN. Next step will be determination of an engine charcteristic that will give us a preview on how the engine performance will look like in off-design modes.

Page generated in 0.0692 seconds