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Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2017-03-21T14:38:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Henrique Rocha Lopes.pdf: 2118185 bytes, checksum: 93ff9ca19a00eb532e526f9d4c773b3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-21T14:38:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Henrique Rocha Lopes.pdf: 2118185 bytes, checksum: 93ff9ca19a00eb532e526f9d4c773b3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-27 / One of the main onion crop diseases in Brazil is anthracnose, caused by especies of genus Colletotrichum. In this work it was used several Colletotrichum isolates obtained from plants do Allium genus with symptoms of anthracnose. The isolates were obtained from different regions of Brazil and characterized with the aid of morphological methods, molecular and cultural features. The Bayesian Analysis Method of inference was used for an initial analysis involving the genomic region β-tubulin (tub2). A representative group of isolates, selected in the first analysis, was sequenced for the partial region of actin (act) and ApMat. Two groups of haplotypes were generated and analyzed separately, one by concatenating tub2 and act and Other tub2, act and ApMat. The analysis revealed along with morphological analyzes that onion anthracnose is probably caused by several Colletotrichum species belonging to complexes acutatum and gloesporioides. All the representative isolates used in this study were pathogenic on onion, being able to cause of induce typical symptoms of anthracnose, especially on bulbs with variable aggressiveness range. All the results obtained in this work lead us to believe that onion anthracnose is caused by several species different of what has been reported so far. / Uma das principais doenças no cultivo de cebola no Brasil é a antracnose, causada por espécies do gênero Colletotrichum. Neste trabalho foram utilizados 42 isolados obtidos de plantas do gênero Allium com sintomas de antracnose de todas as regiões geográficas do Brasil e caracterizados com o auxílio de métodos morfológicos, moleculares e de características culturais. O método de análise de inferência Bayesiana foi utilizado para uma análise inicial envolvendo o gene β-tubulina (tub2). Um outro grupo, oriundo desta análise, foi seqüenciado para os genes parciais actina (act) e ApMat. Dois grupos de haplótipos foram gerados e analisados separadamente, um concatenando tub2 e act e outro tub2, act e ApMat. A análise revelou juntamente com análises morfológicas que a antracnose em cebola é causada, por várias espécies inseridas dentro dos complexos acutatum e gloesporioides. Todos os isolados representativos usados no estudo foram patogênicos sendo capazes de induzir sintomas típicos de antracnose, sobretudo em bulbos de cebola com variação de agressividade. Todas as informações deste trabalho levam a crer que, a antracnose em cebola é causada por um conjunto de espécies, diferente do que se tem relatado até o momento.

<p>I dagens samhälle finns det en stor variation på golv och golvmaterial. Till dessa finns det en stor variation av de produkter och metoder som används för att hålla dessa golv funktionsdugliga. Samtliga golv och produkter ger upphov till miljöpåverkan av olika storlek och sort.</p><p>Denna studie är skriven på uppdrag av avdelningen för industriell miljöteknik, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling (IEI) Linköpings Universitet, som vill veta vilken miljöpåverkan Twister™-metoden har. Detta sker genom en livscykelanalys.</p><p>En livscykelanalys ställer en produkt eller tjänst miljöpåverkan utifrån helhetsperspektiv innefattande materialframställning, tillverkning, användning och resthantering. Som hjälp i denna studie har programvaran SimaPro 7.0 använts vari metoden Eco-indikator 99 valts.</p><p>I studien ställs Twister™-metoden mot andra golvvårdsmetoder innefattande polish och vax. I analysen sker även en nedbrytning av Twister™-metoden likväl en nedbrytning av den Twister™-rondell som HTC Sweden AB tillverkar.</p><p>Resultatet visar att den del av Twister™-metoden som har störst miljöpåverkan är den skurmaskin som används och den energianvändning som Twister™-metoden kräver. Resultatet visar även att Twister™-metoden har signifikant lägre miljöpåverkan än de andra golvvårdsmetoderna polish och vax. De delar av Twister™-rondellen som har störst miljöpåverkan är de industridiamanter och den rondell, som Twister™-rondellen består av.</p>

Speech errors have been utilized since the beginning of the last century to learn more about how speech is produced, both physically and cognitively. Collection of speech errors has progressed from writing down naturally occurring speech errors to recording experimentally induced speech errors to current studies, which are using instrumentation to record acoustic and kinematic information about experimentally induced speech errors. One type of instrumentation being used in articulatory research is ultrasound. Ultrasound is gaining popularity for use by those interested in learning how speech is physically produced because of its portability and noninvasiveness. Ultrasound of the tongue during speech provides visual access to the articulatory movements of the tongue. This study utilizes ultrasound recordings of speech errors in two ways. In Experiment 1, ultrasound images of participants’ tongues were recorded while they read tongue twisters designed to elicit speech errors. The tongue twisters were CVC words or CV syllables with onset velar or alveolar stops. Within the ultrasound video, the angle of the tongue blade and elevation of the tongue dorsum were measured during the onset stop closure. Measurements of tongue twisters were compared to baseline production measures to examine the ways in which erroneous productions differ from normal productions. It was found that an error could create normal productions of the other category (i.e., categorical errors) or abnormal productions that fell outside the normal categories (i.e., gradient errors). Consonant productions extracted from ultrasound video were presented auditory only to naïve listeners in Experiment 2. Listeners heard a variety of normal, gradient error, and categorical error productions. Participants were asked to judge what they heard as the onset sound. Overwhelmingly, the participants heard normal productions as well as gradient error productions as the target sound. Categorical error productions were judged to be different from the target (e.g., velar for alveolar). The only effect of erroneous production appears to be a slight increase in reaction time to respond with a choice of percept, which may suggest that error tokens are abnormal in some way not measured in this study.

I dagens samhälle finns det en stor variation på golv och golvmaterial. Till dessa finns det en stor variation av de produkter och metoder som används för att hålla dessa golv funktionsdugliga. Samtliga golv och produkter ger upphov till miljöpåverkan av olika storlek och sort. Denna studie är skriven på uppdrag av avdelningen för industriell miljöteknik, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling (IEI) Linköpings Universitet, som vill veta vilken miljöpåverkan Twister™-metoden har. Detta sker genom en livscykelanalys. En livscykelanalys ställer en produkt eller tjänst miljöpåverkan utifrån helhetsperspektiv innefattande materialframställning, tillverkning, användning och resthantering. Som hjälp i denna studie har programvaran SimaPro 7.0 använts vari metoden Eco-indikator 99 valts. I studien ställs Twister™-metoden mot andra golvvårdsmetoder innefattande polish och vax. I analysen sker även en nedbrytning av Twister™-metoden likväl en nedbrytning av den Twister™-rondell som HTC Sweden AB tillverkar. Resultatet visar att den del av Twister™-metoden som har störst miljöpåverkan är den skurmaskin som används och den energianvändning som Twister™-metoden kräver. Resultatet visar även att Twister™-metoden har signifikant lägre miljöpåverkan än de andra golvvårdsmetoderna polish och vax. De delar av Twister™-rondellen som har störst miljöpåverkan är de industridiamanter och den rondell, som Twister™-rondellen består av.

This thesis deals with the clustering of tunnels in data obtained from the protein molecular dynamics simulation. This process is very computationaly intensive and it has been a challenge for scientific communities. The goal is to find such an algorithm with optimal time and space complexity ratio. The research of clustering algorithms, work with huge highdimensional datasets, visualisation and cluster-comparing methods are discussed. The thesis provides a proposal of the solution of this problem using the Twister Tries algorithm. The implementation details are analysed and the testing results of the solution quality and space complexity are provided. The goal of the thesis was to prove that we could achieve the same results with a stochastic algorithm - Twister Tries , as with an exact algorithm ( average-linkage ). This assumption was not confirmed confidently. Another finding of the hashing functions analysis shows that we could obtain the same results of hashing with a low dimensional hashing function but in much better computational time.

The purpose of the project was to develop a comprehensive literature unit that integrates essential meteorology study within the relevant chapters of the book. Since the development of such a unit needed to encompass much more than merely the reading of the book and the study of applicable meteorological material, a multi-faceted literature experience was designed.

anglicky : Title of the thesis : Humour during the French classes Keywords : Comic, irony, humour, laughter, Henri Bergson, Louis Cazamian, gelotology, gélothérapie, sense of humour, French as a foreign language, school class, word play, joke, riddle, tongue twister, didactical sheet. Abstract : The thesis aims to provide a comprehensive description of possible use of humour in teaching the French language. In the theoretical section, it defines humour as a form of comic, deals with the influence of humour and laughter on health and describes the advantages and difficulties of integrating humour into school teaching. In the practical part, it analyses the humour in French textbooks, proposes a typology of humour in teaching materials and presents finally didactical sheets to teach French at all language levels. These exercises and activities are dedicated to all speech and language skills. They are focused on different themes to captivate the target age category and meet the requirements to be fun for students. The thesis should become aid and inspiration for those teachers, who decide to incorporate humour and laughter in the teaching of French.