Carbonate reservoirs of different rock types have wide ranges of porosity and permeability, creating zones with different reservoir quality and flow properties. This research addresses how seismic technology can be used to identify different carbonate rock types for characterization of reservoir heterogeneity. I also investigated which seismic methods can help delineate thin high-permeability (super-k) layers that cause early water breakthroughs that severely reduce hydrocarbon recovery. Based on data from a Middle East producing field, a typical geologic model is defined including seal, a thin fractured layer, grainstone and wackestone. Convolutional, finite difference, and fluid substitution modeling methods are used to understand the seismic signatures of carbonate rock types. Results show that the seismic reflections from the seal/fractured-layer interface and the fractured-layer/grainstone interface cannot be resolved with conventional seismic data. However, seismic reflection amplitudes from interfaces between different carbonate rock types within the reservoir are strong enough to be identified on seismic data, compared with reflections from both the top and bottom interfaces of the reservoir. The seismic reflection amplitudes from the fractured-layer/grainstone and the grainstone/wackestone interfaces are 17% and 23% of those from the seal/fracturedlayer interface, respectively. By using AVO analysis, it may be possible to predict the presence of the fractured layer. It is observed that seismic reflection amplitude resulting from the interference between the reflections from overburden/seal and seal/fractured-layer does not change with offset. The thin super-k layer can also be identified using fluid substitution method and time-lapse seismic analysis. It shows that this layer has 5% increase in acoustic impedance after oil is fully replaced by injecting water in the layer. This causes 11% decrease and 87% increase in seismic reflection amplitudes from the seal/fractured-layer interface and the fractured-layer/grainstone interface after fluid substitution, respectively. These results show that it is possible to predict carbonate rock types, including thin super-k layers, using their seismic signatures, when different seismic techniques are used together, such as synthetic wave modeling, AVO, and time-lapse analysis. In future work, the convolutional model, AVO analysis, and fluid substitution could be applied to real seismic data for field verification and production monitoring.

China changed its communistic economy policy to the open one during these 20 years. China¡¦s cheap labor force, plentiful natural resources and vast market have attracted lots of MNC to settle subsidiaries/manufacturing plants there. But the unique political and economical system of China and the special culture of Guan-Xi had made many MNC fail in the entrance of China market. Therefore, many MNC rely on the knowledge and competence of Taiwan subsidiaries. This research deals with the extent to which factors would affect the interactions, especially the complementary relationship, between Taiwan and China subsidiaries. Regarding the characteristics of industry in which MNC are, the following factors increase the extent of complementary relationship between Taiwan and China subsidiaries: 1.The higher speed of technology replacing in the industry; 2.The more support by China government; 3. Their affiliated industries are highly globalized. Regarding the business models of MNC, the more consistency of which their customers¡¦ need have, the higher degree of complementary relationship between Taiwan and China subsidiaries are. Regarding specific of parent companies and subsidiaries, the following factors increase the extent of complementary relationship between Taiwan and China subsidiaries: 1.Subsidiaries rely more on HQ to get core resourses; 2.The more activities which Taiwan and China subsidiaries have in common.

Thèse de doctorat : Informatique : Nancy 1 : 2008. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre.

Šiame darbe analizuojama mokymo(-si) aplinkos samprata, mokymo(-si) aplinkų tipai ir jų charakteristikos. Visi mes gyvename tam tikroje aplinkoje, nuo kurios priklauso mūsų saugumas, elgesys. Mokymas(-si) – tai procesas, kai patyrimas transformuojamas į žinias, įgūdžius, poreikius, vertybes ir įsitikinimus. Mokymo(-si) aplinka klasėje, tai vietą, kurioje vyksta klasės narių bendravimas ir bendradarbiavimas. Mokymo(-si) aplinka kuriama per mokytojus, tėvus ir vaikus. Besimokantįjį įtakoja kelių tipų mokymo(-si) aplinkos tipai tai: fizinė mokymo(-si) aplinka, socialinė mokymo(-si) aplinka, psichologinė mokymo(-si) aplinka, intelektualinė mokymo(-si) aplinka, administracinė mokymo(-si) aplinka. Fizinė aplinka – tai visa mokymo(-si) klasės aplinka. Socialinė mokymo(-si) aplinka - besimokančiųjų tarpusavio santykiai. Psichologinė mokymo(-si) aplinka - ryšiai bei santykiai tarp mokytojų ir mokinių. Intelektualinė mokymo(-si) aplinka – užduočių atlikimas ir kūrimas kiekvieno dalyvio vaidmuo. Administracinė mokymo(-si) aplinka – mokiniai yra supažindinamas su mokymo(-si) tikslais ir turiniu. Atlikus teorinė analizę ir empirinį tyrimą šio darbo metu galima formuluoti išvadą, jog mokytojai ilgai dirba su pradinėmis klasėmis ir turi žinių, bet dar nevisi moka arba žino, kaip sukurti tinkamą mokymo(-si) aplinką. Mokytojams geriausia sekasi kurti socialinę, fizinę mokymo(-si) aplinkas. / This work examines the concept of environmental education, types of teaching and learning environment and their characteristics. We all live in the environment where our security and behavior plays a huge role. Teaching is the process by which experience is transformed into knowledge, skills, needs, values and beliefs. Classroom teaching or learning environment is the place where members of the class communicate and cooperate with each other. Teaching and learning environment is made through teachers, parents and children. Learner is affected by several types of training environment. These types are: physical training environment, the social teaching environment, the psychological training environment, the intellectual training environment and the administrative training environment. Physical environment is the whole training environment in the class. Social training environment is the relationship among learners. Psychological training environment is communication and the relationship between teachers and pupils. Intellectual training environment is when each participant creates and performs their tasks. Administrative training environment is when students are introduced with the aim and content of training. Following the theoretical analysis and empirical study of this work, we can formulate the conclusion that teachers work long enough at elementary classes and have the knowledge how to work, but still, not everyone is able or knows how to create the proper teaching and... [to full text]

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

The original intention of this thesis was to investigate Climate Change (CC), in particular the meteorological impacts of CC on New Zealand (NZ). Succinctly, “to understand what NZ’s future weather may entail”. However, as the research progressed it has led to the larger circulation and has highlighted the teleconnections that are present and the importance of the wider circulation and to NZ . It is apparent that the larger scale circulation needs to be considered in conjunction with, if not before, the synoptic scale. Thus, in order to understand NZ’s future weather first we must understand the Southern Hemisphere and the circulation within it. CC is often described in a broad global scale and it is difficult to translate and relate these mechanisms into day to day weather terms, which have the advantage of being commonly understood. Synoptic Climatology (SC) can bridge this gap by simplifying the wide variety of weather into a small grouping of types, and thus can provide an understandable alternative. To undertake this research an existing SC scheme known as the Kidson Types (KTs) was extended with the use of General Circulation Model (GCM) output. The KTs have been widely used in NZ, thus work detailing their future would be advantageous. The GCMs were able to reproduce the observed frequencies of occurrence of the KTs during the late 20th century. Future projections for the late 21st century surprisingly showed little change in annual type frequencies. To investigate this further a sensitivity study was undertaken, which revealed that the methodology was insensitive to annual type frequency change. The range of response from the GCM projections also inhibited determining significant changes in KT frequencies. Additionally, trend analysis using four realisations from one GCM noted both positive and negative trends in some of the types. This also highlights the difficulty in using GCM output, as a larger ensemble can diffuse results and in a small ensemble individual GCMs can unduly bias the results. Further scrutiny of the KT was then undertaken. An investigation of the KTs to ascertain their influence in the wider circulation using the ERA Interim (ERA-I) reanalysis and trends within the KT using a long term reanalysis data set, the Twentieth Century Reanalysis (20CR). Due to the high year to year variability in the KTs, significant trends were only determined in the 20CR with a reduction in the Zonal Regime representing the occurrence of strong westerly flows over NZ. A composite analysis was also undertaken to evaluate the KTs within the Southern Hemisphere (SH). A positive pressure anomaly was detected far from the Kidson domain, which is defined over NZ, during the SW type. This motivated another study on SH Blocking. Blocking is a large scale phenomena that can influence the paths of synoptic systems and thus potentially cause or exacerbate adverse weather events. Blocking is an area of climate research that requires further work, as there is a deficit of GCM studies in the SH. This study utilised a Persistent Positive Anomaly (PPA) methodology which is advantageous as the spatial pattern, latitude and longitude, of the Blocking Events (BEs) is determined. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use GCM output using the PPA methodology in the SH and this is also the first blocking study using Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP)5 GCM output in the SH. A reduction of BEs was observed over the South Pacific Ocean (SPO) region during summer and spring, in the GCM projections between 2041-2070 and 2071- 2100. The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) has been suggested as an influence on blocking frequency in previous work and this relationship was studied. A high negative correlation between SAM + and BEs was observed in summer with the reanalysis and GCM historical output. This correlation was reduced in 21st century. However, further work is needed in this study in order to gain an understanding of the mechanisms and linkages between SAM and the BEs.

This qualitative thesis analyses the development of Marxian thought on riots and revolution in the works of Slavoj Žižek and Alain Badiou. Due to the structural limitations of this essay, the research has been limited to a comparison between Karl Marx’s The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte and a selection of Žižek and Badiou’s works. Furthermore, the scope of the essay focuses on two material events; the coup d’état of Louis Bonaparte and the England riots of 2011. The comparison was concretised through the usage of Ludvig Beckman’s model for idea analysis and the method of ideal types. This study demonstrated how the modern theorists remain loyal to Marx’s basic analysis of society and concepts such as alienation and exploitation. However, the deterministic and eschatological aspects of Marx’s philosophy have been abandoned for a less ineluctable history, and resonate more towards the Hegelian notion of an open history. This study has also elucidated and cemented the vital importance of the material circumstances in a historical materialist study; moreover, it has revealed the necessity for the modern theorists to reinvent and radicalise a number of Marx’s original concepts for the modern world. Žižek and Badiou also contest Marx’s insistence on the requisite nature of violent revolution, and promote the politics of subtraction as an alternative.

Three languages with polymorphic type disciplines are discussed, namely the λ-calculus with Milner's polymorphic type discipline; a language with imperative features (polymorphic references); and a skeletal module language with structures, signatures and functors. In each of the two first cases we show that the type inference system is consistent with an operational dynamic semantics. On the module level, polymorphic types correspond to signatures. There is a notion of principal signature. So-called signature checking is the module level equivalent of type checking. In particular, there exists an algorithm which either fails or produces a principal signature.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin, 1968. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-93).

Th.--Droit--Paris 2, 1985.