This thesis aims to contribute to the body of work that seeks to unpack development by asking: how does development work? Using a purposive case study of Uganda and taking a mixed methods approach, the thesis explores the reality behind the rhetoric of aid coordination in a developing health sector, questioning the premise that coordination is pursued exclusively to improve the efficacy of official development assistance (as inferred by partners‟ vocal commitments to the tenets of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness). The study focuses on the member groups currently empowered to join Uganda‟s most important multi-stakeholder forum for health - the Health Policy Advisory Committee - finding that all members are guilty of picking and choosing from a checklist of voluntary coordination commitments. This is found to be at once logical - for facilitating the semblance of partnership between a disparate grouping of stakeholders with differing modi operandi, agency objectives and tolerance for risk – and advantageous - for masking difference and allowing outwardly homogenous groupings like the Health Development Partners to speak with “one voice” when addressing the Ugandan government. Most importantly of all however, partial adherence to the aid coordination ethos is found to permit the framing that aid to Uganda is at once necessary and well targeted, as the Government of Uganda actively invites its partners to participate in the processes of government at the central level. Such tangible commitments to the tenets of partnership and transparency are integral to maintaining donor confidence in the aftermath of two financial scandals involving the Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation in 2005. In sum, the thesis argues that while on the surface coordination appears important for its internal significance - as an organising principle to improve the effectiveness of aid - in fact, the value of coordination stems from its external significance. Coordination creates a façade of unity which permits the continuance of aid flows to Uganda, with coordination activities now playing a pivotal role in determining who gives and receives aid, and how it should be spent.

The recruitment of children from rural areas to work as domestic workers in urban areas is a practice that has gone unhindered for many years. In many communities in Africa, and in Uganda in particular, the placement of children in the homes of wealthier relatives or friends to perform domestic work in exchange for education and other benefits is considered a survival strategy. Like in many other societies, Ugandan communities find it culturally acceptable to use children to complement family income efforts. They hardly acknowledge that using children to undertake domestic activities, which at times may be hazardous to their health and education, amounts to exploitation of children. This is worsened by the fact that the use of children for domestic work co-exists with such other malicious practices, including the trafficking of children which violate their most basic and fundamental rights. This dissertation argues that although the law on child labour has existed for a long time, this practice has flourished and in some cases it has contributed to the development of child trafficking and slavery. The study acknowledges that there are many international law and domestic instruments which seek to address these problems. While analyzing the available literature and the body of international and national legal instruments, the study challenges the extent to which these instruments are useful in delivering protection to children. It will show that, while it is evident that the UN Protocol on Trafficking in Persons brought significant contribution to international criminal law, it did not add much value in the fight against the trafficking of children for domestic work as its scope is limited to addressing transnational crimes and those involving an organized criminal group. The dissertation also shows that neither international human rights law, nor national labour law have dealt with the question of exploitation of children adequately. It is highlighted in the study that international law has neither defined clearly the term ‘exploitation’, nor distinguished effectively between acceptable work and harmful work for children. The dissertation argues for a child-centred approach that values the full range of children’s rights and does not seek only to eliminate child labour, but also understand the reasons why children work, recognise their rights as workers and provide mechanisms that ensure decent work for children.

In this thesis, I offer a complex exploration of positive motivation and life evaluation in two adjacent villages in the Buganda kingdom of Central Uganda. Focusing primarily on the lives of five individuals, I examine the tensions and inconsistencies that arise in the day-to-day pursuit of a good life in these villages and argue that, while individual lives may differ, people everywhere face similar concerns in their desire to live well. Through these individuals, but drawing also on wider ethnographic insights, I explore five core themes, with a trajectory broadly moving from more material to more transcendental concerns. These are: making a living, aspiration, gratification deferral, the source of good things, and the importance of connectedness. Running through the thesis is the assertion that wellbeing is a relational and moral project as people’s efforts to live well are inextricably intertwined. A key underlying question is ‘How can we live well in a socially acceptable way?’ This research contributes to the fledgling field of the anthropology of happiness and wellbeing as well as regional scholarship on, for example, development, livelihoods, aspirations, and ‘modernity’. In addition, it speaks to interdisciplinary wellbeing research and I argue that the nuance and contextualisation offered by anthropological and ethnographic study can both augment and challenge the primarily quantitative research from other disciplines. Furthermore, I make a particular claim for the value of biographical approaches to the study of wellbeing.

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Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses. / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-02

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Obsahem diplomové práce je kritická analýza rozvojové pomoci ukazující na její největší problémy. Hlavním tématem práce je role konceptu podmíněnosti, který hraje v rozvojové pomoci důležitou roli. Ten je posléze aplikován na případovou studii, která se koncentruje na země Subsaharské Afriky ? Ghanu, Ugandu a Botswanu.

<h2><em>Bakgrund</em></h2><p>På grund av den ekonomiska kris som nu råder växte vårt intresse för resurser och hur beroende vi egentligen är av dem. Vi blev intresserade av att ta reda på hur lärare i ett u-land, som vanligtvis har färre resurser än ett i-land, löser sina undervisningssituationer. Vi fick möjligheten att resa till och tillbringa tio veckor i Uganda för att undersöka vårt syfte. Ordet resurs definieras i denna uppsats som materiella, personella eller miljömässiga resurser. Några som också uppmärksammat afrikansk skolkultur och som tagits upp i denna uppsats är Palme (1998) och Linde (2000) samt UNESCO som årligen ger ut en rapport om skolutvecklingen världen över.</p><h2><em>Syfte</em></h2><p>Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur lärare på en grundskola i östra Uganda löser skolsituationer med fokus på resurser. Studien utgår från dessa frågeställningar:</p><ul><li>Vilka resurser finns på skolan?</li><li>Hur används det i undervisningen?</li><li>Vad tänker lärare kring resurser?</li></ul><h2><em>Metod</em></h2><p>Studien utgår från ett etnografiskt tillvägagångssätt vilket betyder att resultatet framkommit genom deltagande observationer, fältanteckningar och fokusgruppsintervjuer. Att blanda olika metoder genom triangulering gjorde det möjligt för oss att ställa de olika resultaten mot varandra för att höja tillförlitligheten. Ramfaktorteorin har även använts för att strukturera upp resultatet. Under analysen framkom fyra olika kategorier som utgör ramarna för undervisningen.</p><h2><em>Resultat</em></h2><p>Materiella, personella och miljömässiga resurser samt grundläggande behov är de ramar som vi fokuserat på i denna studie och som enligt vår tolkning påverkar vilken undervisning som är möjlig. Skrivmaterial och krita anses nödvändiga. Lärarna ser sig själva som viktiga resurser genom att uppmuntra, undervisa och vara goda förebilder. Den största resursen ser de ändå att de grundläggande fysiska behoven utgör. Sömn, mat och trygghetsbehoven behöver vara tillfredsställda för att lärande överhuvudtaget ska vara möjligt. Ramarna leder till en undervisning som till största del utgörs av förmedlingspedagogik. I diskussioner med lärarna framkommer tankar om andra arbetssätt som på grund av högt elevantal är svårt att införliva.</p>

<p>&nbsp / </p> <p>&nbsp / </p> <p>&nbsp / </p> <p align="left">The study has three major aims: To give a detailed discussion of the question of punishment and the three major theories or objectives of punishment &ndash / retribution, deterrence and rehabilitation, from a philosophical point of view / To discuss the law and jurisprudence relating to life imprisonment in the international criminal tribunals of Nuremberg, Tokyo, the Former Yugoslavia, Rwanda, International Criminal Court and the Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL). The emphasis will be on the theories of punishment these tribunals have stressed in sentencing offenders to life imprisonment / &nbsp / To discuss the history and major legal developments relating to life imprisonment in three African countries, viz, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. The study will also discuss: the offences that carry life imprisonment / the courts with jurisdiction to impose life imprisonment / legal representation for accused facing life imprisonment on conviction / the theories of punishment that courts have emphasised in sentencing offenders to life imprisonment / and the law and mechanisms governing the release of offenders sentenced to life imprisonment in the above three countries.</p>