Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-08-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:56:14Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_cal_me_arafcf_parcial.pdf: 117464 bytes, checksum: 13283cebdcbc3d9085c0801450c381fd (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / A maioria dos casos de fraturas ósseas é utilizada nas cirurgias, implantes ortopédicos de osteossíntese (placa-parafuso e parafusos) confeccionados em aço inoxidável austeníticos, devido à sua baixa relação custo-benefício. As infecções associadas aos implantes de osteossintese estão relacionadas com o crescimento de microrganismos em biofilmes, resultando em um processo infeccioso de difícil erradicação. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar os microrganismos recuperados do conjunto metálico placaparafuso e parafusos após remoção cirúrgica, avaliar a capacidade de aderência dos microrganismos, verificar a viabilidade celular, caracterizar genotipicamente os isolados Gram-positivos e detectar a resistência aos antimicrobianos. Os conjuntos placa-parafuso e parafusos de aço inoxidável austenítico ASTM F138/F139 e ISO NBR 5832-1/9 foram transportados em bolsa de polietileno para o Laboratório de Microbiologia Clínica. Os implantes foram lavados em solução tampão fosfato-salino, armazenados em bolsa contendo solução Ringer e submetidos ao banho ultrassônico em freqüência de 40±2 kHz por 5 minutos. O fluido sonicado foi transferido para tubos Falcon e centrifugado a 3.000g durante 20 minutos. O sedimento foi resuspendido em nova solução Ringer, homogeneizado por vortex e 10μL semeados em ágar Sangue de carneiro 5%, MacConkey e Sabouraud. Os meios foram incubados em diferentes condições de temperatura por 7 a 14 dias para recuperação de microrganismos. O perfil de resistência dos isolados foi obtido de acordo com CLSI 2011. Para análise da viabilidade celular foi utilizado o kit Live/Dead e microscópio de fluorescência... / The majority of cases of bone fractures is used in surgery, internal fixation of orthopedic implants (screw-plate and screws) manufactured in austenitic stainless steel due to its low cost-benefit. Infections associated with implant fixation are related to the growth of microorganisms in biofilms, resulting in an infection difficult to eradicate. The objective of study was to identify the microorganisms recovered from the set screwplate and screws metallic after surgical removal, evaluate the capacity of adherence of microorganisms, check the cell viability and characterize the isolates genotypically Gram-positive and detect antimicrobial resistance. The sets screw-plate and screws of austenitic stainless steel ASTM F138/F139 and ISO NBR 5832-1/9 were transported in polyethylene bag to the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology. The implants were washed in phosphate buffered saline solution, stored in bags containing Ringer's solution and submitted to ultrasonic bath at a frequency of 40 kHz ± 2 for 5 minutes. The sonicate fluid was transferred to falcon tubes and centrifuged at 3.000g for 20 minutes The new sediment was re-suspended in Ringer's solution, homogenized by vortex and 10μL seeded agar 5% sheep blood, MacConkey and Sabouraud. The media were incubated at different temperatures for up to 7 days for growth of CFU mL-1. The resistance profile of the isolates was obtained according to CLSI 2011. For analysis of cell viability kit was used for Live/Dead and fluorescence microscope. After microbiological analysis the isolation was observed in some samples of polymicrobial implants. The data obtained showed that bacteria were the most isolated coagulase-negative... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Resumo: A maioria dos casos de fraturas ósseas é utilizada nas cirurgias, implantes ortopédicos de osteossíntese (placa-parafuso e parafusos) confeccionados em aço inoxidável austeníticos, devido à sua baixa relação custo-benefício. As infecções associadas aos implantes de osteossintese estão relacionadas com o crescimento de microrganismos em biofilmes, resultando em um processo infeccioso de difícil erradicação. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar os microrganismos recuperados do conjunto metálico placaparafuso e parafusos após remoção cirúrgica, avaliar a capacidade de aderência dos microrganismos, verificar a viabilidade celular, caracterizar genotipicamente os isolados Gram-positivos e detectar a resistência aos antimicrobianos. Os conjuntos placa-parafuso e parafusos de aço inoxidável austenítico ASTM F138/F139 e ISO NBR 5832-1/9 foram transportados em bolsa de polietileno para o Laboratório de Microbiologia Clínica. Os implantes foram lavados em solução tampão fosfato-salino, armazenados em bolsa contendo solução Ringer e submetidos ao banho ultrassônico em freqüência de 40±2 kHz por 5 minutos. O fluido sonicado foi transferido para tubos Falcon e centrifugado a 3.000g durante 20 minutos. O sedimento foi resuspendido em nova solução Ringer, homogeneizado por vortex e 10μL semeados em ágar Sangue de carneiro 5%, MacConkey e Sabouraud. Os meios foram incubados em diferentes condições de temperatura por 7 a 14 dias para recuperação de microrganismos. O perfil de resistência dos isolados foi obtido de acordo com CLSI 2011. Para análise da viabilidade celular foi utilizado o kit Live/Dead e microscópio de fluorescência... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The majority of cases of bone fractures is used in surgery, internal fixation of orthopedic implants (screw-plate and screws) manufactured in austenitic stainless steel due to its low cost-benefit. Infections associated with implant fixation are related to the growth of microorganisms in biofilms, resulting in an infection difficult to eradicate. The objective of study was to identify the microorganisms recovered from the set screwplate and screws metallic after surgical removal, evaluate the capacity of adherence of microorganisms, check the cell viability and characterize the isolates genotypically Gram-positive and detect antimicrobial resistance. The sets screw-plate and screws of austenitic stainless steel ASTM F138/F139 and ISO NBR 5832-1/9 were transported in polyethylene bag to the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology. The implants were washed in phosphate buffered saline solution, stored in bags containing Ringer's solution and submitted to ultrasonic bath at a frequency of 40 kHz ± 2 for 5 minutes. The sonicate fluid was transferred to falcon tubes and centrifuged at 3.000g for 20 minutes The new sediment was re-suspended in Ringer's solution, homogenized by vortex and 10μL seeded agar 5% sheep blood, MacConkey and Sabouraud. The media were incubated at different temperatures for up to 7 days for growth of CFU mL-1. The resistance profile of the isolates was obtained according to CLSI 2011. For analysis of cell viability kit was used for Live/Dead and fluorescence microscope. After microbiological analysis the isolation was observed in some samples of polymicrobial implants. The data obtained showed that bacteria were the most isolated coagulase-negative... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Clarice Queico Fujimura Leite / Coorientador: Elisabeth Loshchagin Pizzolitto / Banca: Eliana Aparecida Varanda / Banca: Beatriz Maria Machado de Medeiros / Banca: Denise Crispin Tavares / Mestre

Textilindustrin har under de senaste åren vidtagit drastiska åtgärder för att ställa om till en mer hållbar industri och därav möta målen för Agenda 2030. Denna undersökning syftar till att förbättra den resurssnåla hydrauliska sprayteknikens infärgning på ullvävar med hjälp av två resurssnåla förbehandlingar, plasmateknologi och ultraljudsbad. Färgklasser som används är syrafärg och reaktivfärg. Efter litteratursökning har försök utfärdats för att optimera de båda metoderna med ändamål att en mer intensiv och jämnt fördelad färg ska framträda. Inställningar gällande både ultraljudsbehandlingen och plasmateknologin diskuteras såväl som möjligheten till att effektivisera färgrecepten. Resultaten presenteras efter utförda tester på vätbarhet och färgmätningar innefattandes färgförändring och färgstyrka. Underlagen för signifikanta skillnader är bristfälliga men vissa tendenser på förbättring gällande alla avseenden kan urskiljas, dock utan slutsats om optimala inställningar. Bäst effekt återfinns i färgstyrkan för båda behandlingarna oavsett färgklass. Tas däremot alla tester i beaktande dras slutsatsen att plasmabehandlingen bäst möter de optimala egenskaperna som ullvävarna bör anta för en godtagbar infärgning. Vätbarhet, som syftar till materialets hydrofilitet, visar på betydligt bättre resultat för de plasmabehandlade proverna än för ultraljudsbehandlade, dock inte i den mån för att tillgodose problemet. Trots detta har de båda förbehandlingarna potential till att uppfylla syftet med studien, men ytterligare forskning och vidare tester krävs för att kunna implementera dessa i industrin. / In recent years, the textile industry has taken drastic measures to transition to a more sustainable industry and thus meet the goals of the 2030 Agenda. This study aims to improve the resource efficient hydraulic spray dyeing technique on wool fabrics using two resource efficient pretreatments: plasma technology and ultrasonic bath. The dyes used are acid dyes and reactive dyes. After a literature review, lab tests have been conducted to optimize both methods with the aim of producing a more intense and evenly distributed colour. The settings of both the ultrasonic and the plasma treatment are discussed as well as the possibility of streamlining the colour recipes. The results are presented after performing wettability tests and colour measurements including colour change and colour strength. There is no evidence for significant differences but tendencies for improvement in all aspects can be differenciated, however without a conclusion on optimal settings. The best effect is found in regards the colour strength for both treatments irrespective of dye class. However, if all tests are taken into account, it can be concluded that the plasma treatment meets the optimum properties that wool fabrics should adopt for an acceptable dyeing. Wettability, which refers to the hydrophilicity of the material, shows significantly better results for the plasma treated samples than for the ultrasonic treated ones, although not to the extent of satisfying the problem. Nevertheless, both pretreatments have the potential to fulfill the purpose of the study, but further research and testing is required to implement them in the industry.

This diploma thesis discusses the basics of nanotechnology as a science and nanotechnology of concrete. Additionally, it describes carbon nanotubes and the possibilities of their dispersion using high shear mixing and sonication. This thesis further provides findings about ultrasonic dispersion parameters and characteristics of materials with the addition of carbon nanotubes. The experimental of part of this thesis focuses on the possibility of dispersing carbon nanotubes, deals with the issue of incorporating carbon nanotubes into the concrete matrix and describes its effects on the final properties of concrete. It has been observed to which extent the carbon nanotubes may affect selected physico-mechanical properties and durability of concrete.