This project will be comprised of two chapters. The first section will include a comprehensive literature review component defining violence, exploring the current theoretical explanations of violence, as well as coming up with a better way to categorize causal factors and the role of institutions. The triad of social violence is proposed as a more effective theoretical discourse towards effectual social policy. The first section is intended to establish a theoretical link between naturally occurring social violence and social indicators such as poverty and population increases. In section two, I seek to illustrate the argument that declining violent crime rates in Canada are unnatural. Attitudes and public perceptions of the justice system will be statistically analyzed using the data from the General Social Survey on victimization. The relationship between deteriorating attitudes and declines in reported violence are then discussed in greater detail.

This project will be comprised of two chapters. The first section will include a comprehensive literature review component defining violence, exploring the current theoretical explanations of violence, as well as coming up with a better way to categorize causal factors and the role of institutions. The triad of social violence is proposed as a more effective theoretical discourse towards effectual social policy. The first section is intended to establish a theoretical link between naturally occurring social violence and social indicators such as poverty and population increases. In section two, I seek to illustrate the argument that declining violent crime rates in Canada are unnatural. Attitudes and public perceptions of the justice system will be statistically analyzed using the data from the General Social Survey on victimization. The relationship between deteriorating attitudes and declines in reported violence are then discussed in greater detail.

Avfallsbrottslighet är ett växande samhällsproblem och ett aktuellt ämne i den politiska debatten. Media rapporterar om tusentals ton av dumpat skräp och brinnande sophögar på kommunal mark över hela Sverige och avfallsbrottsligheten tillhör en av de mest lukrativa brottstyperna i världen för de organiserade kriminella nätverken. Syftet med aktuell studie är att bidra med ökad kunskap kring arbetet mot illegal dumpning av avfall hos kommuner inom Skåne län. Vidare ämnar studien undersöka utsattheten för illegal dumpning av avfall bland markägare och arrendatorer inom Skåne län. Resultatet indikerar en uppenbar problematik vad gäller den diffusa definition som råder kring vad som kännetecknar avfallsbrottslighet och i synnerhet vad illegal dumpning innebär. Studien fann att kommunerna till viss del bidrar till mörkertalet gällande brottstypen då det verkar saknas rutiner kring polisanmälan vid upptäckt av illegal dumpning. Den illegala dumpningen är ett problem och den drabbar såväl den enskilde markägaren som arrendatorn och samhället i stort i form av otrygghet och kostnader. / Environmental crime is on the rise, and it affects the society as a whole. It is present in the current political debate and media reports on thousands of tons of dumped and burning waste piles on municipal land all over Sweden. Environmental crime is one of the most profitable illicit activities in the world and criminal networks profit greatly. This study aims to contribute with further knowledge regarding the work against illegal dumping of waste focused on municipalities within Skåne county, Sweden. The study also aims to investigate landowners and leaseholders exposure to the illegal dumping of waste. The result indicates that there is an issue regarding what is to be defined as environmental crime. The same goes for illegal dumping. The study finds that the municipality is to some degree contributing to the numbers of unreported crime due to the lack of set routines regarding reporting this type of crime to the police. The illegal dumping of waste is a widespread issue and it affects both the individual as well as society as a whole, both economically as well as psychological due to its ability to cause feelings of uncertainty and vulnerability.