Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2017-07-20T12:25:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 8355941 bytes, checksum: 4578b237a60519138ddea8c5bc23f675 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-20T12:25:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 8355941 bytes, checksum: 4578b237a60519138ddea8c5bc23f675 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-28 / This paper is connected to the proposal of transforming unbuilt areas into elements of the green urban infrastructure. It is fully known that the disorderly processes of urban expansion of brazilian medium-sized cities have caused damaged to the periurban natural environment thus causing the supression of green urban areas. Those areas are considered an importante indicator of the quality of life in the cities, due to the several functions they can exert and the benefits they can bring to the urban population, such as the access to better quality food, when destined to farming. Furthermore, the green areas are part of the green infrasctructure of the cities and are also one of the vital elements to the urban sustainability. Therefore, based on these observations, the potential for implementation of vegetable gardens in empty urban spaces as a part of the green urban infrastructure in João Pessoa, Paraíba’s state’s capital, was evaluated. Through the usage of tools like GIS (Geographic Information System), themed maps were developed aiming at providing the necessary information for the classification, in graded scale, of the potential of transformation of urban empty spaces, adapting and using the systematization developed by Sanches (2011). The chosen methodological procedure is guided by the principles of green infrasctructures and defines quantity and quality indicators, with numerical values for each of these evaluation criteria, which are grouped in three distinct categories- ecological group, hydrous group and social group- the arithmetic mean in each group composes the final grade, and the sum of these grades results in the rate of the potential for the transformation of the analysed areas in vegetated spaces. After the application of the methodological procedure and the visitation of the areas with the highest potential for transformation, some propositions were issued in order to enable the implementation of vegetable gardens in these empty urban spaces and, consequently, the bulding of models of sustainable farming production. / O presente trabalho relaciona-se com a proposta de transformação de áreas desprovidas de construção em elementos da infraestrutura verde urbana. Sabe-se que os processos desordenados de expansão urbana das cidades brasileiras de porte médio têm ocasionado danos ao meio ambiente natural periurbano e que entre suas implicações está a supressão das áreas verdes urbanas. Estas compreendidas como um importante indicador da qualidade de vida nas cidades, devido às diversas funções que podem exercer e benefícios que são capazes de proporcionar à população urbana, como o acesso a alimentos de qualidade, quando destinadas ao cultivo. Além disso, as áreas verdes constituem a infraestrutura verde das cidades e são um dos elementos chaves para a sustentabilidade urbana. Assim, com base nessas observações, buscou-se avaliar o potencial de implantação de hortas em vazios urbanos da cidade de João Pessoa, capital do estado da Paraíba, como parte da infraestrutura verde urbana. Por intermédio de ferramentas SIG (Sistema de Informação Geográfico), foram elaborados mapas temáticos, com o objetivo de fornecer as informações necessárias para a classificação, em escala graduada, do potencial de transformação dos vazios urbanos, a partir da adaptação e aplicação de sistematização desenvolvida por Sanches (2011). O procedimento metodológico adotado pauta-se nos princípios de infraestrutura verde e estabelece indicadores quantitativos e qualitativos, com valores numéricos, para cada um dos seus critérios de avaliação, que são agrupados em três categorias distintas – grupo ecológico, grupo hídrico e grupo social –, cuja média aritmética em cada grupo conforma as notas finais, e a soma destas resulta no grau potencial de transformação das áreas analisadas em espaços vegetados. Após a aplicação do procedimento metodológico e de visitas às áreas com maior potencial de transformação, foram lançadas proposições com o intuito de viabilizar meios para a implantação de hortas nesses vazios urbanos e, consequentemente, para a construção de modelos de produção sustentável para o cultivo.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:53:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 3074344 bytes, checksum: b64060ed53c4bf5c7220ac45eeca9468 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The fast urbanization of the underdeveloped countries and the exodus field-city increased the ability of the cities to attend this new demand to provide job and appropriate life conditions to growing population. The urban agriculture and around of urban areas shown as a viable activity for the improvement of the quality of life of the urban populations, mainly of the poorest layers. Rio Branco, the capital of the Acre state, is a typical city of the Brazilian Amazon, located inthe Acre river basin, whose formation was influenced to the growth of the extraction and commercialization of the latex. Rio Branco presented an accelerated urban and population growth in last decades, resulting in inefficient urban planning and inequalities in the form of occupation of the urban spaces. The main objective of this study was to elaborate a diagnosis of the use of the soils in the city of Rio Branco, with the approach of the public actions planning that increase or restrict use forms and maximize the family income in the soil conditions and atmosphere of the city in study. As hypothesis, was considered that different patterns from agricultural use of the urban soil in Rio Branco, shows relationship with the process of occupation of the area, with the cultural migrants variations that there fixed, and with the soils types. The soils of the Acre state, as well as of the Rio Branco, presents influenced genesis by sediments of the Andes Cordillera, and most possesses eutrophic characteristics and clay of high activity. Three study sites were selected, distributed in topographic sequence, along the urban area. Inside of each neighbourhood were selected five sampling points, also in topographic sequence. In the materials of soils were accomplished physical, chemical, mineralogical and heavy-metals analysis. After that was elaborated a land use cover and the soil types mapping, with subsequent geoprocessing operations, for example, crossing different maps, for the three studied neighbourhoods. The Plates neighbourhood is located in the highest part and has better soil drainage. This site presented most appropriate land use than the others neighbourhoods, Jardim Primavera and New City. That last neighbourhood presented the worst land use conditions, with few areas of arboreal vegetation and great impermeable areas and exposed soil. In general, all the soils along the topographic sequence have eutrophic characteristics and rich in nutrients, except in only one point located in the Jardim Primavera neighbourhood. All of the soil types are influenced by the freatic surface, for now in a more outstanding way, as in the gleic and fluvic soils, now minus, as in the plintita soils. In general, the soils did not present nutritional restrictions, and they were shown capable to the agricultural use. In many of the sample points, anthropogenic contributions was verified, with anomalous tenors of P, K, Ca, Mg and some micronutrients, as Fe, Zn and Cu, besides the presence of dumps and dejections. The largest restrictions to the agricultural use of the studied urban soils were: the height and variation of the freatic surface and the fragmentation and use of the urban lots. / A rápida urbanização dos países subdesenvolvidos e o êxodo campocidade aumentaram a necessidade das cidades de prover emprego e condições de vida adequadas à crescente população. A agricultura urbana e periurbana (AUP) mostra-se como uma atividade viável para a melhoria da qualidade de vida das populações urbanas, principalmente das camadas mais pobres. Rio Branco, capital do estado do Acre, é uma cidade típica da Amazônia brasileira, situada na bacia do rio Acre, cuja formação foi atrelada ao crescimento da extração e comercialização da borracha. Rio Branco apresentou crescimento urbano e populacional acelerado nas ultimas décadas, resultando em falta de planejamento urbano e desigualdades na forma de ocupação dos espaços urbanos. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar um diagnóstico do uso dos solos na cidade de Rio Branco, com vista ao planejamento de ações públicas que incrementem ou restrinjam formas de uso e maximizem a renda familiar nas condições de solo e ambiente da cidade em estudo. Como hipótese, considerou-se que padrões distintos de uso agrícola do solo urbano em Rio Branco mostram estreita relação com o processo de ocupação da região, com variações culturais dos migrantes que ali se instalaram, e com os tipos de solos. Os solos do estado do Acre, bem como de Rio Branco, apresentam gênese influenciada por sedimentos da Cordilheira dos Andes, e a maior parte possui caráter eutrófico e argila de atividade alta. Foram selecionados três bairros de estudo, distribuídos em toposequência, ao longo do sítio urbano. Dentro de cada bairro selecionaram-se cinco pontos de amostragem, também em toposequência. Nos materiais de solos foram realizadas análises físicas, químicas, mineralógicas e de elementos-traços. Realizou-se o mapeamento de uso e cobertura do solo e das classes de solo, com posterior cruzamento destes mapas, para os três bairros estudados. O bairro de Placas, localizado na parte mais alta e com melhor drenagem, apresentou um parcelamento e uso do solo mais adequados que os bairros Jardim Primavera e Cidade Nova. Esse último bairro apresentou as piores condições de parcelamento e uso do solo, com poucas áreas de vegetação arbórea e grandes áreas impermeabilizadas e em solo exposto. De forma geral, todos os solos ao longo da seqüência altimétrica mostram-se eutróficos e ricos em nutrientes, com exceção de um ponto no bairro Jardim Primavera. Todas as classes de solo são influenciadas pelo lençol freático, ora de forma mais marcante, como nos solos gleicos e flúvicos, ora menos, como nos solos com plintita. Em geral, os solos não apresentaram restrições nutricionais, e mostraram-se aptos ao cultivo agrícola. Em muitos dos pontos amostrados constatou-se aportes antropogênicos, com teores anômalos de P, K, Ca, Mg e alguns micronutrientes, como Fe, Zn e Cu, além da presença de entulhos e dejetos. As maiores restrições ao uso agrícola dos solos urbanos estudados foram: a altura e variação do lençol freático e a fragmentação e uso dos lotes urbanos.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:09:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArquivoTotal.pdf: 5911926 bytes, checksum: 06960e09abd7bdd8b95011411d445a4a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Throughout history man has been transforming the world. In this new century, mankind faces a rapid depletion of natural resources and the unknown of what to do with the waste generated by a population inconsequential. It is known that there are several discussions about the need to reconcile development with environmental preservation, and an important factor analysis to agriculture, when it comes to food safety. In the face of several changes regarding the food shortage, it is obvious the need to find alternatives so that they do not miss the man. Thus, there is an option to urban agriculture, which grows every day, where its importance covers the areas social, economic and environmental. However, it is known that the practice of agriculture is undoubtedly one of the most contaminants, when practiced in an unsustainable way, such as the use of pesticides. On one hand these chemicals potentiate the production, the other, have complex consequences. Without doubt one of the greatest difficulties of urban agricultural practices, using water as a source of urban rivers are the changes in the patterns of the same qualities. In this aim, the objective of the research is to investigate the development of urban agriculture in the river basin Tambay located in the city of Bayeux, Paraíba State. To achieve the study was an exploratory type research literature, documentary research, survey statistics, the application of questionnaires and interviews with the resident population. For the assessment of water quality were established five sampling points of water sample along the river Tambay and the results were compared with the maximum values determined by resolution of the National Environment Council (CONAMA) No. 357/2005, to Freshwater, Class 2 (official classification of the river). Given the analysis, one can see that the river has Tambay parameters framed and not covered by the aforesaid resolution, because it is an area of agricultural practice, it is necessary that the standards are framed, which was not seen when it comes of fecal coliform, aluminum and lead, substances prohibited for any kind of cultivation. Thus, it appears that the river water is unfit for cultivation. / Ao longo da história o homem vem transformando o mundo. Nesse início de século, a humanidade enfrenta o esgotamento acelerado dos recursos naturais e a incógnita do que fazer com os resíduos gerados por uma população inconsequente. Sabe-se que várias são as discussões a respeito das necessidades de conciliar desenvolvimento com preservação ambiental, tendo a agricultura como um fator de importante análise quando se trata da segurança alimentar. Diante das várias alterações acerca da escassez de alimentos, fica óbvia a necessidade de buscar alternativas para que os mesmos não faltem para ao homem. Assim, tem-se como opção a agricultura urbana, que abrange as áreas sociais, econômicas e ambientais. Entretanto, sabe-se que a prática agrícola é sem dúvida um dos meios mais contaminantes existentes, quando praticada de forma insustentável, a exemplo do uso dos agrotóxicos. Se por um lado tais produtos químicos potencializam a produção, por outro, possuem consequências complexas. Sem dúvida uma das maiores dificuldades da prática agrícola urbana, utilizando como fonte de água os rios urbanos, são as alterações nos padrões de qualidades da mesma. Nesse intento, o objetivo geral da pesquisa é investigar o desenvolvimento da agricultura urbana na microbacia do rio Tambay localizada no município de Bayeux, Estado da Paraíba. Para concretização do trabalho foi realizado uma pesquisa do tipo bibliográfica exploratória, pesquisa documental, levantamento de dados estatísticos, aplicação de entrevistas e questionários junto à população residente. Para a avaliação da qualidade da água foram definidos cinco pontos de coleta de amostra de água ao longo do rio Tambay e os resultados obtidos foram comparados com os valores máximos determinados pela Resolução do Conselho Nacional de Meio Ambiente (CONAMA) Nº 357/2005, para água doce, classe 2 (classificação oficial do rio). Diante das análises realizadas, pode-se constatar que o rio Tambay apresenta parâmetros enquadrados e não enquadrados na resolução supracitada, por se tratar de uma área de prática agrícola, é necessário que certos parâmetros estejam enquadrados, o que não se foi constatado quando se trata dos coliformes termotolerantes, do alumínio e do chumbo, substâncias proibidas para qualquer tipo de cultivo. Assim, conclui-se que a água do rio é imprópria para o cultivo.

Submitted by PAULO DE OLIVEIRA NETO null (paulo_oliveira_01@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-09-13T00:45:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PauloDeOliveiraNeto_PGAD_TUPA_Abril2017.pdf: 1380682 bytes, checksum: 5085c6195fc9e8d317dfbd9a08dfa8d7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-09-15T13:22:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveiraneto_p_me_tupa.pdf: 1380682 bytes, checksum: 5085c6195fc9e8d317dfbd9a08dfa8d7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-15T13:22:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveiraneto_p_me_tupa.pdf: 1380682 bytes, checksum: 5085c6195fc9e8d317dfbd9a08dfa8d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-20 / A urbanização decorrente do processo de industrialização brasileira,ocorrida a partir da segunda parte do século XX, período pós Segunda Guerra Mundial, causou influência nos aspectos infra estruturais dos grandes centros, com processo massivo de desenvolvimento da produção dos bens de consumo e o estímulo da indústria e, consequentemente, o crescimento populacional da malha urbana. Passado este período, e após a entrada de sucessivas estagnações e recessões econômicas, ocorreram problemas estruturais socioeconômicos quanto à saúde e as questões sociais, ocasionando, entre outras mazelas, a insegurança alimentar. É nesse aspecto, da segurança alimentar e nutricional nos centros urbanos que é abordada a Agricultura Urbana. A atividade concentra-se na produção agrícola dentro de espaços urbanos, e espera-se que promova, além da melhoria no meio ambiente e reorganização dos espaços urbanos ociosos e poluídos, a segurança alimentar com benefícios a saúde dos praticantes da atividade. O presente estudo consistiu em analisar o impacto da Agricultura Urbana sobre a Segurança Alimentar dos praticantes consumidores da atividade de Agricultura Urbana e Periurbana (AUP) no município de Maringá, Estado do Paraná, por meio da avaliação das escalas de insegurança alimentar bem como análise estatística descritiva e regressão múltipla linear. Além disso, foram caracterizados seus integrantes e disponibilidade de alimentos, em quantidade e qualidade socialmente desejáveis. Como resultado, identificou-se que a atividade não tem produzido um quadro de segurança alimentar que atenda às necessidades básicas nutricionais dos praticantes consumidores, os quais estão em situação de insegurança alimentar, e é utilizada, por grande parte da população na situação de segurança alimentar para fins de lazer e terapia. / The urbanization resulting from the Brazilian industrialization process, which occurred after the second part of the twentieth century, after the Second World War, influenced the infra-structural aspects of large centers, with a massive process of development of the production of consumer goods and the stimulation of industry and, consequently, the population growth of the urban network. After this period, and after the entry of successive stagnations and economic recessions, there were socioeconomic structural problems regarding health and social issues, causing, among other problems, food insecurity. It is in this aspect of food and nutritional security in urban centers that Urban Agriculture is addressed. The activity focuses on agricultural production within urban spaces, and is expected to promote, in addition to improving the environment and reorganization of idle and polluted urban spaces, food security with health benefits of practitioners. The present study consisted in analyzing the impact of Urban Agriculture on the Food Safety of consumers of the Urban and Periurban Agriculture (AUP) activity in the city of Maringá, State of Paraná, through the evaluation of food insecurity scales as well as statistical analysis descriptive and linear multiple regression. In addition, its members and food availability were characterized in a quantity and quality that was socially desirable. As a result, it was identified that the activity has not produced a food safety framework that meets the basic nutritional needs of the practicing consumers, which are food insecure, and is used by a large part of the population in the food security situation for leisure and therapy purposes.

Esta dissertação analisa algumas das hortas urbanas comunitárias da cidade de São Paulo. Trata-se de uma etnografia que explora as conexões, motivações e formas de ação desses agrupamentos autogeridos de voluntários que criam e mantêm espaços de plantio em áreas públicas. São tratadas de maneira mais detida três delas: a Horta das Corujas, no bairro da Vila Beatriz, a Horta do Centro Cultural São Paulo, no bairro Vergueiro e a Horta dos Ciclistas, na Avenida Paulista. A intenção dessa análise, no entanto, não é se ater a territórios fixos, e sim apreender os movimentos propiciados pela prática das hortas comunitárias na cidade. Dessa maneira, são aqui traçadas algumas das relações entre essas hortas e outras formas de agricultura urbana em São Paulo, os entrelaçamento e perspectivas de co-construções que emergem entre humanos e não humanos, além de suas relações com instâncias políticas formais. A interação entre as ações no espaço público, as técnicas e os ensinamentos de agroecologia propagados pelas hortas e a rede de trocas que opera entre elas expõe maneiras de se vincular à cidade que são permeadas por uma noção de política do cotidiano, a qual não se encontra apenas nas relações com o e do Estado. / This dissertation analyses some of the community urban gardens of São Paulo, SP. We have carried out an ethnography exploring the connections, motives and ways of action of those selfmanaged groups of volunteers, who create and keep cultivating spaces amidst public areas. We focus of three urban gardens: Horta das Corujas [Owls Garden], at Vila Beatriz neighborhood, the São Paulo Cultural Center Garden, at Vergueiro neighborhood; and Horta dos Ciclistas [Cyclers Garden], at Paulista Avenue. This analysis is not restrained, however, to fixed territories, but rather apprehends the movements engendered by community garden practices in the city. Thus, we trace some relations between those gardens and other forms of urban agriculture in São Paulo, their intertwining and the co-construction perspectives that emerges among humans and non-humans, as well as their relations with formal public agents. The interaction among actions performed in public spaces, the agroecology techniques and teachings, and their exchange network are embedded with a concept of everyday politics, practiced not only by or in face of the State.

The urban landscape requires a shift to a more self-sufficient, healthy and sustainable future. Urban agricultural (UA) projects are one way to do so. This research explores how low-income UA projects in North America and Europe can be supported strategically in moving towards a sustainable future. The authors analysed UA projects using the 5 Level Framework (5LF) and the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development (FSSD) to understand their current reality and to help determine sustainable advances within UA projects. Leverage Points were also used as a subsidiary analytical tool to help pinpoint effective actions of change. Research resulted in the creation of Strategic Recommendations and guidance for UA projects to help foster a societal shift towards sustainability. / An in-depth exploration of urban agriculture. Using the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development, an analysis was conducted, as well as looking at main barriers and enablers to success to determine what is the most strategic support urban agriculture projects need. An Ideal Project was created, complete with a set of 10 Foundational Values to build a vision on, 25 best practice recommendations and an ABCD planning process to move urban agriculture projects towards sustainability.

The purpose of this thesis is to explain the continued advocacy of 'urban agriculture' (UA) in the literature in the face of the seemingly modest role played by cultivation in practice. The analytical framework adopted isrthat of discourse, the theoretical underpinnings of which are derived from the early works of Foucault, and applications such as those of Escobar (1989; 1991) and Ferguson (1990). Using a discursive orientation involves two main tasks - an explanation of how 'UA' has gained some prominence and the man~er in which its currency is able to be maintained. The investigation included an in-depth analysis of the literature and empirical research in th!"e~Eastern Cape centres. The function of the empirical findings is to expose the discourse, as well as to extend the empirical base relating to 'urban agricultural' research in general. The thesis suggests that the growth in interest in 'UA' is a result of a Foucaultian "gap" opening in the discourse. Changes in the conceptualisation of development, the rise-in prominence of the urban poor and emerging ecodevelopment views, among others, have given proponents of "UA' greater room for manoeuvre. However, most case studies promote 'UA' despite providing little evidence of its role in household welfare. The way the discourse maintains its' currency is in the manner in which the objects of 'UA' are constituted. Firstly, the people are characterised as poor, largely divorced from their rural origins, and mainly female. Each of these assertions is questioned on the basis of the literature itself and the empirical findings. Secondly, in the practice of cultivation, emphasis is placed on the inputs used, and the crops that are produced. The treatment of both the inputs and the crops by the literature is cursory. Investigations show that land availability, garden size and irrigation water are e~pecially problematic and vegetable consumption remains low. Four types of alleged benefit associated with 'UA' are analysed - environmental and ecological, psychological and social, financial, and nutritional. In each case commonly held assumptions are undermined by closer investigation. Thus, the thesis contends that the role played by cultivation is a modest one. Most of the claims made on behalf of 'UA' are more congruent with development discourse than actual cultivation practice.

Dans le cadre d’une recherche en géographie sociale, cette thèse s’intéresse aux agricultures urbaines, particulièrement à celles pratiquées ou vécues par les citadins : agriculture professionnelle formant les paysages périurbains, agriculture de proximité en circuits courts, agriculture de loisirs, jardins familiaux et jardins partagés, espaces publics mis en production. Sur la base de critères de localisation, de fonctionnalités réciproques et de gouvernance métropolitaine, nous avons proposé une définition de l’agriculture urbaine qui intègre de manière constructive les espaces intra- et périurbains, les agricultures professionnelles et non professionnelles, les espaces agricoles privés, publics et auto-appropriés.La réflexion a été menée dans la ville de Rennes, en Bretagne, sur la base d’études exploratoires, d’observation participante et de douze entretiens approfondis avec des citadins jardiniers qui vivent le rapport ville campagne en termes d’activités productives mais aussi de sociabilités, de pratiques alimentaires et d’initiatives agro-écologiques. Les principaux résultats de la thèse sont au nombre de quatre. Premièrement, la description détaillée des modes d’investissement de l’espace-enjeu que représente aujourd’hui la nature productive dans la ville. Deuxièmement la mise en évidence, grâce à une approche topologique et à la cartographie associée, de la richesse des espaces vécus des habitants-jardiniers, espaces vécus qui dépassent largement le seul jardin du moment. Troisièmement, les « réseaux polytopiques » construits par les expériences agricoles des citadins, facteurs de questionnement non seulement sur lesmodes d’agriculture mais aussi sur l’alimentation et sur leur contribution à la construction de la ville. Quatrièmement, la production agricole construite comme une fonction urbaine qui renouvelle les modes d’habiter en reconnectant l’habitant à son milieu, par une déclinaison d’« attitudes jardinières » : « jardinier malin », « jardinier rurbain » et « jardinier militant ». / Within the framework of a research in social geography, this thesis is interested in the urban agricultures, particularly in those practiced or lived by the city-dwellers: the professional farming that makes the periurban landscapes, the farms involved in short food supply chains, hobby farming, family and community gardens, public places used as farming places. According to location, mutual features and metropolitan governance, we proposed a definition of the urban agriculture which joins in a constructive way intra- and peri-urban spaces, professional and hobby farms, private, public and auto-appropriate agricultural spaces.The study took place in the city of Rennes, in Brittany (France), on the basis of exploratory surveys, on the basis of participating observation and on the basis of twelve in-depth interviews with gardening citydwellers who live the town and country relationship in terms of productive activities but also in terms of sociability, food practices and agro-ecological initiatives. The main results of the thesis are among four. Firstly, the in-depth description of the modes of involvment in the gardens as a spatial issue which represents today the productive nature in the city. Secondly, thanks to a topological approach and to its associated mapping, the highlighting of lived spaces richness for the inhabitants-gardeners, spaces which exceed widely the only current gardening place. Thirdly, "polytopic networks" built by the agricultural experiences of the city-dwellers are sources of questioning not only on the modalities of farming but also on the food and on their contribution to the construction of the city. Fourthly, the agricultural production can be considered as an urban function reconnecting the inhabitant with his environment, thus renewing the inhabiting modes, itemized as three "gardening attitudes": "clever gardener", "rurban gardener" and "militant gardener"

The chosen project originated as a response to humanity’s need to eat, and the agricultural processes necessary to feed the global population. The proposed solution will investigate the connection of physically and meta-physically dissociated elements, in order to create responsive architecture. The aim is to steer away from a mono-functional building and design typologies and to strive towards creating architecture that will address the needs of the public. The chosen project investigates future and current solutions for the production of food in urban environments. The scales of investigation range from microscopic research to the implementation and monitoring of skills transferred into the community. The proposed facility is thus composed out of various different programs, each with its own specific requirements. The composition can broadly be divided into scientific research facilities, a greenhouse complex and a public exhibition centre. It is unnecessary for the pragmatic and complex nature of the building to undermine the spatial expression. In the proposed facility, pragmatic limitations informed the design process, but did not govern the outcome. Instead, the limitations fuelled alternative problem solving, which in turn produced creative solutions. Thus, the building accepts that it is pragmatic in program, and compensates accordingly in order to create inviting spaces for people using the facility on an everyday basis. Copyright / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Architecture / unrestricted

This research examines how urban agriculture contributes to the sustainable livelihood of migrants’ women living in the inner city of Johannesburg. The study focuses on the Cameroonian women community living in Turffontein. It explores the significant process of migration into the Republic of South Africa and the inspiration behind the choice of urban agriculture in the inner city of Johannesburg by women. The research report assesses the impact of urban agriculture on sustainable livelihood in the life of Cameroonian women living in Turffontein. It also examines the constraints encountered by these Cameroonians women in Turffontein in the practice of urban agriculture for sustainable livelihood. The findings of this study reveal that urban agriculture is used as a strategy for sustainable livelihood to a lot of Cameroonian migrants’ women living in Turffontein. The study has also shown how through urban agriculture these migrants’ women have been able to raise substantial income to support their respective families both in South Africa and in Cameroon. The study is based on a purposeful sample of Cameroonian migrants’ women living in the inner city of Johannesburg practicing urban agriculture. It uses a mixed method of approach with a transect walk to the area where this women practice the urban agriculture. It also included an in-depth face to face interactive interview and written sources such as journals, books and research reports where combined to gather relevant data. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data.