Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, 2004 / Includes bibliographical references (leaves. 145-153).

During the excavations of the City Park in Kalmar, Kalmar municipality, Småland, Sweden, in 2006 a quantity of approximately 100 kg of animal bones was excavated from the medieval settlement and harbour structures. These animal bones have been analysed and the results of the analysis will be discussed in the following paper. The purpose of the study was to identify what species is found and which parts of the body is represented in order to figure out the use and consumption of animals in the medieval city.  In the analysis several osteological methods- among these; age determination, sex determination and estimation of height have been used in order to compare the material from Kalmar to analysed osteological materials from other parts of Sweden. The result of the analysis showed the following species: cattle, sheep, goat, pig, horse, dog, cat, rat, hare, unspecified bird and unspecified fish. A pattern has been found in the location of different types of material indicating one building that was burnt down while storing several joints of meat, including for example spare ribs. In the area around the harbour several bones from phalanges and the cranial parts of cattle was identified, indicating an area of butchering or tannery activities.

Prior to the Civil Rights movement, most cities in the United States had at least one racially segregated neighborhood--a place where the "others" lived. This was typically a geographic location designated by the European American community as the area non-European Americans could reside. In Boise, Idaho, non-Whites lived in the River Street Neighborhood, a place where African Americans, Basque, Japanese, Eastern Europeans, and poor Whites established homes and businesses. River Street existed as a segregated enclave where, out away from prying eyes, African Americans, Basques, and other non-White people could escape overt segregation. This multi-disciplinary dissertation examines the River Street Neighborhood as a 'region of refuge'—a geographic place where residents formed a subculture where many of the racial mores of the time could be subverted and, in many ways, exploited. The dissertation also addresses the ways material culture, oral histories, archival documents, and community based participatory research (CPBR) can coalesce for advocacy for the preservation of minority historic properties.

Thesis (doctoral)--Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg and Universite, Paris-Sorbonne (Paris IV), 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [485]-544) and index.

Thesis (doctoral)--Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg and Universite, Paris-Sorbonne (Paris IV), 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [485]-544) and index.

In 2006, the reconstruction of the canalization lane and paving at Malé náměstí of Hradec Králové induced a salvage excavation of such an extent that has not been surpassed so far. Trenches discovered evidence of the development and changes in the function of the explored space during the High Middle Ages. There were found several phases in the surface reinforcement of the main street that connects the town with the Slezské suburb. The oldest surface treatment of the street can be dated as far back as the 13th century. In the second half of the 13th century, a build-up area developed alongside the road and it ceased to exist during the first half of the following century, at the latest. The cleared-up area was later transformed into a public space. Its historical development is reflected in a series of layers of reinforced surfaces. The research results confirm and refine the previously stated hypothesis concerning the development of the eastern part of the town.

As metrópoles contemporâneas se apresentam como os maiores sítios já produzidos pela humanidade. Espaços de complexas, dinâmicas e constantes transformações, sua análise se apresenta como um grande desafio. Que, por sua vez, é ainda maior quando relacionado a atividades de identificação, preservação e avaliação de significância e valor arqueológico. Desta forma, tendo o centro urbanizado antigo da cidade de São Paulo e seu entorno próximo (atuais distritos Sé, República, Luz, Mooca e Brás) como objeto de análise, e sob a perspectiva dos conceitos teóricos provenientes da Arqueologia Urbana da, para e com a cidade, da Arqueologia da Paisagem e da Geomorfologia Antropogênica, o presente trabalho analisa diversos modelos, métodos e técnicas locacionais preditivos e propõe um modelo de potencial arqueológico para a área analisada. Como resultado, é produzida a carta arqueológica que apresenta a paisagem da área analisada com os principais componentes vinculados aos diversos contextos de ocupação e formação do sítio urbano. E, assim, espera-se que ela subsidie futuras análises de potencial arqueológico, conforme os pressupostos do modelo proposto, e avaliações de interesse e valor arqueológico que possam vir a ser estabelecidas com a cidade. / Contemporary metropolises can be understood as the largest sites ever produced by humanity. The analysis of such a kind of territory, with its complex, dynamic and constant transformations, is a challenge. And this challenge can be especially difficult when identifying, preserving and assessing archeological value. The present dissertation analyses several locational predictive models, methods and techniques and propose a predictive model for archeological potential in the area studied: the old urbanized São Paulo city center and its surroundings (Se, Republica, Luz, Mooca e Bras districts). The theoretical framework adopted to study the area were the theoretical concepts provided by the Urban Archeology, Landscape Archeology and Anthropogenic Geomorphology fields. The result is an archeological map showing the landscape of the study area pointing to the main components related to this urban site\'s several occupation and formation contexts. It is expected that this map could provide subsides for future archeological potential analyses (according to the assumptions of the proposed model) and also for assessments of archeological interest and value to be stablished with the city.

This research prioritized the identification and retention of African American cultural heritage in the face of dramatic landscape alteration associated with comprehensive redevelopment. As an approach aimed at providing the most comprehensive understanding of cultural phenomenon, the holistic tradition applied by anthropology asserts that it is productive to identify and apply as many sources of data toward engaging research as is possible. Consistent with this goal, this study applied several categories of data toward investigating material symbols of African American cultural heritage in Tampa, Florida. The holistic anthropological approach demonstrated the relevance and complementarity of research documenting cultural heritage and its relationship to Tampa's contemporary urban landscape, urban archaeology, participatory research, anthropological advocacy, and historic designation and preservation research in a community threatened by large-scale redevelopment. Tampa represented a fruitful context for this research because for the second time in less than forty years, the urban landscape historically associated with African Americans in Tampa is slated to be impacted by wide-ranging demolition resulting from the actions of city and county planners. This research is particularly important in Tampa because urban policy carried out in this area of Tampa during the 1970's eradicated the vast majority of physical reminders of the African American cultural heritage in Tampa. This research proposes that even in the face of dramatic demolition resulting in comprehensive change in urban landscapes, anthropologists have an obligation to prioritize material symbols of cultural heritage which in this context represent enduring evidence of African American cultural heritage in Tampa. Collectively the components of this study represent an anthropological model defined as an Urban Model of Applied Preservation (UMAP) designed to facilitate the anthropological engagement of evolving relationships between urban spaces and their cultural associations with urban populations. This model clarifies a set of complementary methods that might be applied toward investigation prioritizing the effects of urban change on cultural heritage.

Sigtuna is one of the first settlements in Sweden considered to be a proper town. Taking over Birka´s function as a central trading hub when it was founded in the late 10th century AD, Sigtuna was characterized by its early connection to Christianity, and many churches were built there. The foundations of one of these medieval stone churches and its churchyard lie beneath Sigtuna museum’s plot on the block S: t Gertrud 3. However, the full extent of this church and churchyard as well as its foundation date and function is not fully known. The over-arching purpose of this study is to achieve a better understanding of this church’s function. This will be done by geochemically analysing soil samples taken from the museum plot under which the churchyard is located. The first aim of this study is to establish the extent of the churchyard. During excavations carried out between 1990- 1991 in the neighbouring block Urmakaren, archaeologists discovered the remains of King Olof Skötkonung’s minting house along with various finds, notably two lead pieces with imprints of coin stamps. The second aim of this study is to see if traces of these metalworking activities can be detected on the museum plot. The third aim is to see how the church and churchyard related to the minting house on a spatial plane.

This dissertation is an examination of the formation processes operating at nineteenth-century housesites in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. The approach stresses the reconstruction in behavioral terms of all urban deposits, including those considered "mixed" or "disturbed." The data base for the dissertation consists of three disparate archaeological collections at the Strawbery Banke Museum in Portsmouth. The analysis was performed under a unifying research agenda and with a consistent set of analytic techniques in a kind of "postexcavation salvage." These methods include developing a Harris matrix to reconstruct site stratification, plotting deposition locations in reference to known activity areas (such as doors and windows), measuring relative sherd size, and calculating a minimum number of vessels through the examination of ware, form, and surface decoration and the refitting of sherds. This latter exercise of crossmending helped to establish the horizontal and vertical displacement of sherds. Measures of diversity included counting the number of artifact classes to determine richness and developing a prevalence index to assess evenness; i.e., the distribution of artifact types within a deposit. The behavioral unit of analysis was the household, as it was hypothesized that individual households generated refuse in patterned ways. Nineteenth-century households from three sites were reconstructed from historical sources such as city directories, census information, family genealogies, and tax assessment records. Twelve households occupying three different housesites were linked with various refuse deposits and compared over time and space. Several patterns of trash-disposal behaviors recurred at the three sites. Preferred modes of refuse discard included the use of open-air middens, privies, and opportunistic middens. Households apparently also transformed or redeposited secondary-refuse aggregates to create tertiary deposits. Often characterized as mixed or disturbed, these tertiary deposits can be informative about depositional behaviors in the urban context. Conclusions summarize how immigrant status, stage in household development, tenancy, and owner occupation affect the discard behaviors at the three sites. Once a "grammar of garbage" is reconstructed in behavioral terms, more abstract constructs, such as the worldview of hygiene and sanitation, can be suggested.