Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T12:12:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Ana Paula Rattis Alipio1.pdf: 3400759 bytes, checksum: b5a9b3873728447af917f691b2d69ef1 (MD5) Ana Paula Rattis Alipio2.pdf: 3287916 bytes, checksum: 74edb56e70b971add2755dfb259b24be (MD5) Ana Paula Rattis Alipio3.pdf: 2766192 bytes, checksum: 90bc6af22b9fbf4ee6317a12af33be52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-22 / Modern society has a main characteristic, the high generation of waste, much of it is of CDW (Construction and Demolition solid-waste). The accelerated growth and rapid consolidation of the cities resulted in various forms of allocating large waste volumes, generated by daily activities. This huge generation of CDW together with the practices of contemporary life, degrade the quality of the urban centers life. To solve this problem caused by the remains it is needed first the awareness of the issue, knowledge or the production of the current CDW. This Master research proposes the origin of the CDW s study, its destination and recycling or reduction in order to positively affect the environment sustainability: by encouraging the use of recyclable materials and organization of the collected materials; by minimizing the problems of illegal landfills and encouraging regular CDW s deposition as established by the city management. The debris should be seen as a source of great use for the civil construction / A sociedade moderna possui como uma de suas características, alta geração de resíduos, grande parte, de Resíduos da Construção e Demolição (RCD). O acelerado crescimento e rápido adensamento das cidades resultaram em variados problemas na destinação do grande volume gerado pelas atividades cotidianas. Essa enorme geração de RCD em conjunto com as práticas do homem contemporâneo degrada a qualidade de vida dos centros urbanos. Para resolver esse problema causado pelo entulho é necessária a conscientização em relação a necessidades e demandas atuais do RCD. Esse projeto de pesquisa propõe um estudo sobre a origem do RCD, o seu destino e reciclagem ou redução de modo a interferir positivamente na sustentabilidade. O incentivo da utilização de materiais recicláveis e a organização do sistema de coletas, minimizando os problemas de depósitos clandestinos e incentivando a deposição regular estabelecida pela Prefeitura. O entulho deve ser visto como fonte de materiais de grande utilidade para a construção civil

Nesta tese, investigam-se os centros urbanos e o fenômeno das centralidades na atualidade, tendo Palmas, capital do Tocantins, como objeto empírico. Palmas foi estabelecida a partir de um plano urbanístico, de 1989, para uma população ainda inexistente. Seus preceitos de racionalidade projetual são transgredidos já em seus primeiros anos, quando adentra efetivamente na lógica capitalista de produção do espaço urbano, tendo a gestão pública como participante fundamental desse processo. Como decorrência, desencadeia o fenômeno da multicentralidade prematuramente. Seus centros urbanos surgem deflagrando as contradições sociais e estampam os conflitos de seu processo de urbanização. Enquanto seu centro principal evoca simbolicamente o poder e está alinhado aos interesses hegemônicos, seus subcentros populares revelam uma construção coletiva do espaço e ricas apropriações de seus espaços livres públicos, abrindo maiores possibilidades para a vivência urbana e contribuindo para a formação da cidadania. / In this thesis, the urban centers and the phenomena of centralities are investigated today, with Palmas, the capital of Tocantins, as an empirical object. Palmas was established from an urban plan, from 1989, for a still non-existent population. Its precepts of design rationality are already transgressed in its early years, when it effectively penetrates into the capitalist logic of urban space production, with public management as a fundamental participant in this process. As a result, it triggers the phenomenon of multicentrality prematurely. Its urban centers emerge deflagrating the social contradictions and stamping the conflicts of its process of urbanization. While its main center symbolically evokes power and is aligned with hegemonic interests, its popular subcentres reveal a collective construction of space and rich appropriations of its public spaces, opening up greater possibilities for urban living and contributing to the formation of citizenship.

Nesta tese, investigam-se os centros urbanos e o fenômeno da centralidade na atualidade, tendo Palmas, capital do Tocantins, como objeto empírico. Palmas foi estabelecida a partir de um plano urbanístico, de 1989, para uma população ainda inexistente. Seus preceitos de racionalidade projetual são transgredidos já em seus primeiros anos, quando adentra efetivamente na lógica capitalista de produção do espaço urbano, tendo a gestão pública como participante fundamental desse processo. Como decorrência, desencadeia o fenômeno da multicentralidade prematuramente. Seus centros urbanos surgem deflagrando as contradições sociais e estampam os conflitos de seu processo de urbanização. Enquanto seu centro principal evoca simbolicamente o poder e está alinhado aos interesses hegemônicos, seus subcentros populares revelam uma construção coletiva do espaço e ricas apropriações de seus espaços livres públicos, abrindo maiores possibilidades para a vivência urbana e contribuindo para a formação da cidadania. / This thesis investigates the urban centers and the phenomenon of centralities today, having Palmas, capital of Tocantins State, as the empirical object. Palmas was established, for a still non-existent population, from an urban plan of 1989. Its project rationality precepts are already transgressed in its early years, when it actually enters the capitalist logic of urban space production, and the public administration acts as a key participant in such process. As a result, it triggers the phenomenon of early multi centrality. Its urban centers arise triggering social contradictions, while exposing its urbanization process conflicts. While its main center symbolically evokes the power and is aligned to the hegemonic interests, its popular sub-centers reveal a collective construction of space and rich appropriations of its public open spaces, opening up greater possibilities for urban living and contributing to the formation of citizenship.

Western Anatolia witnessed a crucial and eventful period between the end of the 13th and the middle of the 15th centuries. The region stood in a critical position giving way to trade between East and West, located at the junction of the sea and land routes. This following study concentrates on a crucial aspect of Western Anatolia within these circumstances on the rise, through the 14th and 16th centuries. That is to say, this thesis focuses on the establishment and remodeling of the urban centers in Western Anatolia between the 14th and 16th centuries. In addition, it proposes an in depth analysis of one of these centers, namely Tire to further substantiate its theses on the making of these centers. The main argumentation of the dissertation is twofold. First, it asserts the influence of the socio-economic backgrounds of these urban centers, particularly the role of trade activities, trade relations, trade road and urban network in the making of these towns. Second, it asserts the influence of architectural constituents of urban form in the formation and transformation of these towns. Namely, it argues the role of particular architectural types, monuments that act as urban artifacts in urban development, the most significant of which are building groups in the form of k&uuml / lliyes or zaviyes. Accordingly, the thesis maintains that both trade, trade roads and urban network, related with the socio-economic backgrounds of the urban centers, and particular urban artifacts, that are the components of urban form, affect the making towns as physical entities. It claims that all these factors and the town at their intersection, are in a continuous intercourse and they steadily transform each other. Hence, the thesis endeavors to highlight and corroborate the interrelation of trade roads, urban form, and components of urban form, in regional, urban, and in architectural scale. In so doing, first it studies each of the themes separately within the general framework of Western Anatolian urban centers and next associates them particularly through the in depth analysis of Tire. In these lines, this thesis is an effort to interconnect and integrate the varied scholarly disciplines of social, cultural, economic history, urban geography and particularly architectural history through the explorations on urban space in general. It is also an undertaking to reveal the development and transformation of the urban space concentrating particularly on medieval Western Anatolia.

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2017-08-30T18:38:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCAS ALVES DE LIMA NIC?SIO.pdf: 34799286 bytes, checksum: addbc267f24556eec3d04519ec6fd916 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-30T18:38:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCAS ALVES DE LIMA NIC?SIO.pdf: 34799286 bytes, checksum: addbc267f24556eec3d04519ec6fd916 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-30 / The present study seeks to raise issues relating to the housing rights by observing the actions of social movements in particular in the central area of the city of S?o Paulo (district of Rep?blica) considering its impact on the territory and in society. The condition of vulnerability in the residence is present both in central areas as the edges urban peripheral areas, however, the housing programs need to be subdivided according to the location, because many times does not believe that it comes from different contexts with specific needs. Even the social movements who are fighting for the housing rights still experience ways of dealing with the issue of the centrality and the resistance has been the main instrument for guaranteeing rights and encourage discussion with the various actors (society, real estate market, State) that produce the urban space. The research investigates how the housing of low-income population and its dynamics in central areas is understood, managed, accept and even compelled by society, by the real estate market and by the State and which institutional tools the movements have for the maintenance of guaranteed rights. Take as the object of research the occupations of idle buildings in the center of S?o Paulo in particular "Occupation S?o Jo?o" and the role of the ?Front of Fight for Housing? - the FLM (Frente de Luta pela Moradia) - entered the territory of the district of Rep?blica. / O presente estudo busca levantar quest?es referentes ao direto ? moradia observando a atua??o dos movimentos sociais em especial na regi?o central da cidade de S?o Paulo (distrito da rep?blica) considerando seu impacto no territ?rio e na sociedade. A condi??o de vulnerabilidade na moradia est? presente tanto nas ?reas centrais como nas bordas perif?ricas urbanas, entretanto, os programas habitacionais carecem de distin??o segundo a localiza??o, pois muitas vezes n?o considera que se trata de contextos distintos com necessidades espec?ficas. At? mesmo os movimentos sociais experientes que lutam pelo direito ? moradia ainda experimentam formas de lidar com a quest?o da centralidade e a resist?ncia tem sido a principal instrumento para a garantia de direitos e fomentar a discuss?o com os diferentes atores (sociedade, mercado, Estado) que produzem o espa?o urbano. A pesquisa investiga como a moradia da popula??o de baixa renda e suas din?micas em ?reas centrais ? entendida, gerida, aceita e at? combatida pela sociedade, pelo mercado e pelo Estado e quais ferramentas institucionais os movimentos possuem para a manuten??o da garantia de direitos. Toma-se como objeto da pesquisa as ocupa??es de edifica??es ociosas no centro de S?o Paulo em especial a ?Ocupa??o S?o Jo?o? e a atua??o da Frente de Luta por Moradia ? a FLM ? inseridas no territ?rio do distrito da rep?blica.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuciaMF_DISSERT.pdf: 4358555 bytes, checksum: 1a9d061dffe256178596d20701eec009 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-04 / The growing accumulation of people in urban centers caused chronic problems of the cities to begin to take an increasingly unsustainable. Primarily related to lack of infrastructure coupled with sanitation and lack of investment in critical sectors such as health, education, housing and transportation, these problems start to deteriorate markedly the quality of life of city dwellers and put into test management policies of the spaces urbanized. To reverse this situation, shows is essential to the use of tools (highlighting this harvest rates and environmental indicators) that help in assessing the current conditions and may assist in predicting future scenarios. From the information listed above, now put the research seeks to present an index called ISBA Environmental (Sanitation Index) which looks at the four urban systems (water, sewer, solid waste and urban drainage) from the viewpoint of application in a geographical cutout specific - in this case the Drainage Basin XII, defined by the Plan of Urban Drainage Stormwater in the city of Natal, capital of Rio Grande do Norte. This index, together with analysis of other factors sought to trace the current conditions of the basin and thus, assist in proposing the best solutions. For the preparation of the index was applied a questionnaire with a sample of 384 (three hundred eighty-four) households that aimed to study two variables: access to services and satisfaction of the population in relation to these. The ISBA has shown that the system is the most deficient collection and disposal of effluents (ICE = 47.66%), followed by the drainage of rainwater (IDAP = 54.17%), water supply (AAI = 61, 36) and solid waste collection (IRS = 78.28). With the ISBA was possible to verify that the qualitative data shows whose subjectivity is evident (as is the case of user satisfaction) can be of great importance when an assessment, since we obtained the correlation coefficient between the variables "Access" and " Satisfaction "equal to 0.8234, showing a strong correlation between the existence / quality of service offered and the impressions of the population that receives them / O crescente ac?mulo de pessoas nos centros urbanos fez com que problemas cr?nicos das cidades passassem a tomar propor??es cada vez mais insustent?veis. Relacionados principalmente a falta de infra-estrutura de saneamento e somadas a falta de investimentos em setores cr?ticos como sa?de, educa??o, habita??o e transporte, estes problemas passam a degradar acentuadamente a qualidade de vida dos citadinos e colocam em teste as pol?ticas de gest?o dos espa?os urbanizados. Para reverter tal quadro, mostra-se imprescind?vel o uso de ferramentas que auxiliem na avalia??o das atuais condi??es e possam auxiliar na predi??o de cen?rios futuros. A partir das informa??es elencadas supra, a presente pesquisa busca apresentar um instrumento ambiental denominado ?ndice de Saneamento B?sico (ISBA) que visa a analise dos quatro sistemas urbanos (?gua, esgoto, res?duos s?lidos e drenagem urbana) sob a ?tica de aplica??o em um recorte geogr?fico especifico no caso a Bacia de Drenagem XII, definida pelo Plano de Drenagem Urbana de ?guas Pluviais da cidade do Natal, capital do Rio Grande do Norte. Este ?ndice, juntamente com an?lises de outros fatores ajuda a tra?ar as atuais condi??es da bacia e com isso, auxiliar na proposi??o das melhores solu??es. Para a aplica??o do ?ndice foram utilizados obtidos atrav?s de um question?rio com uma amostra de 384 (trezentos e oitenta e quatro) resid?ncias que objetivava estudar duas vari?veis: acesso e a satisfa??o da popula??o aos servi?os de saneamento. O ISBA mostrou que o sistema mais deficit?rio ? o de coleta e destina??o final de efluentes (ICE=47,66%), seguido pela drenagem de ?guas pluviais (IDAP=54,17%), o abastecimento de ?gua (IAA=61,36) e a coleta de res?duos s?lidos (IRS=78,28). Com o ISBA foi poss?vel verificar que dados qualitativos cuja subjetividade mostra-se evidente (como ? o caso da satisfa??o dos usu?rios) podem ser de grande import?ncia quando de uma avalia??o, visto que se obteve coeficiente de correla??o entre as vari?veis Acesso e Satisfa??o igual a 0,8234, mostrando grande correla??o entre a exist?ncia/qualidade de servi?o oferecido e as impress?es da popula??o que os recebe