Esta dissertação trata da problemática que envolve a requalificação urbana de áreas centrais consolidadas e industrializadas em processo de degradação urbana e ambiental que perderam parte de sua população residente, mas que dispõem de infra-estrutura urbana básica instalada suficiente para suportar readensamento populacional controlado na reorganização da cidade. A requalificação urbana dessas áreas, aliada à sua localização estratégica próxima aos centros históricos ou novos das grandes metrópoles completos por sua diversidade de oferta de comércio, serviços, cultura e lazer, são um trunfo para o planejamento urbano na solução de problemas causados pelo constante deslocamento das populações entre seu local de moradia, local de trabalho, consumo, educação, cultura, esporte e lazer. Esta dissertação partiu da análise histórica do desenvolvimento urbano de dois bairros centrais e industrializados: os bairros históricos Brás e Mooca, localizados na metrópole de São Paulo, passando pela análise do tecido urbano, por um diagnóstico geral e finalizando com a proposição de um conjunto de diretrizes gerais e pontuais para a requalificação urbana da área-objeto de estudo. / The following dissertation discusses the problems involved in the urban requalification of consolidated and industrial central areas under urban and environmental degradation processes  ?   also known as brownfields. It outlines areas that have lost part of their original inhabitants, but which still possess the basic installed infrastructure necessary to endure controlled repopulation upon city reorganization. The urban requalification of these areas, together with their strategic placing within the city  ? near historical and newly formed centers, which are made complete by the wide diversity of commerce, services, culture and entertainment ? constitutes a great advantage in the context of urban planning and problem solving regarding commuters and other shopping, education, culture, sport and leisure journeys. This paper begins with the historical analysis of the urban development of two central and industrialized neighborhoods  ? the historical neighborhoods of Brás and Mooca, located at the city of São Paulo  ? going through the analysis of the urban network via a general diagnosis, and summing up with the proposition of a set of general directives, both general and specific, for the urban requalification of the area under study.

A dissertação parte do questionamento de como se deram as relações entre ideias e práticas de preservação do patrimônio e planejamento urbano a partir da iniciativa estadual mineira do \"Plano de Conservação, Valorização e Desenvolvimento de Ouro Preto e Mariana\", de 1975, elaborado pela Fundação João Pinheiro (FJP). Empreendemos nossos esforços no sentido de recuperar não apenas o momento em que essa aproximação ocorre no Brasil, mas também quais são os principais aspectos dessas relações nas décadas de 1960 e 1970. Nessa época foram realizadas iniciativas públicas de planejamento seguindo uma lógica sistêmica ratificada durante o período da ditadura militar. Órgãos como o Escritório de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (EPEA) e o Serviço Federal de Habitação e Urbanismo (SERFHAU) nos serviram de parâmetros nacionais para a análise da Fundação, em Minas Gerais, do seu Centro de Desenvolvimento Urbano (CDU) e do quadro profissional diretamente vinculado com a elaboração do Plano de Conservação. Até a década de 1960, apenas o campo cultural significou o esforço sistematizado de formação de políticas públicas de Estado, com a atuação do Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN), que passou por mudanças institucionais na estrutura do Ministério de Educação e Cultura sem a perda do prestígio administrativo que havia adquirido desde sua fundação. Nesse sentido, faz-se necessária uma perspectiva que analise a mobilização dos principais agentes institucionais entre os dois campos nas distintas esferas governamentais e aquilo que a Fundação e o Plano podem indicar enquanto especificidade de suas atribuições. A documentação consultada e analisada, além do levantamento bibliográfico, abarcou produções publicadas por órgãos da administração direta e indireta dos governos federal e estadual, do poder legislativo e por encontros técnicos organizados no Brasil e internacionalmente e por veículos de imprensa de circulação local, na década de 1970. De acordo com a pesquisa realizada, a Fundação João Pinheiro representou importante sujeito nos processos de planejamento e preservação, com ações diversificadas. O Plano de Conservação, por sua vez, além de ter reunido um quadro profissional com passagens por distintos órgãos administrativos que não tinham associação com as políticas públicas culturais empreendidas pelo IPHAN, corroborou com a prática estruturada pelo Instituto até a década de 1970, nas prerrogativas de paisagismo que colocam as distintas formas de ocupação urbana de Ouro Preto sob a influência do conjunto histórico. Organizada em três capítulos, a dissertação aborda no primeiro a característica que o planejamento urbano atingiu no período da ditadura militar, salientando o aspecto institucional de dois órgãos do planejamento federal, o IPEA e o SERFHAU; no segundo, a emergência da Fundação num contexto estadual de racionalidade administrativa e institucionalização do planejamento econômico; e no terceiro, a organização do Plano de Conservação e suas premissas diretamente vinculadas à relação entre desenvolvimento urbano, conservação e atividade turística. / This dissertation asks how are the relationship between heritage conservation and urban planning ideas and practices from the \"Conservation, Recovery and Development Plan of Ouro Preto e Mariana\", 1975, prepared by the João Pinheiro Foundation. We undertook our efforts to recover not only the time that this approach happened in Brazil, but also what are the main aspects of these relations in the 1960s and 1970s. At that time public initiatives were carried out planning following a systemic logic ratified during the brazilian military dictatorship. Organs such as the Applied Economic Research Office (EPEA) and the Federal Office of Housing and Urban Development (SERFHAU) served in the national parameters for the analysis of the Foundation, in Minas Gerais, its Urban Development Centre and the professional staff directly linked with the development of the Conservation Plan. Until the 1960s, only the cultural area meant the systematic effort of forming public policy of the State, with the work of the National Institute for Historical and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN), which went through institutional changes in the structure of the Ministry of Education and Culture without the loss of administrative prestige it had acquired since its foundation. In this sense, a prospect that analysis is necessary to mobilize the main institutional actors between the two areas in the different spheres of government and what the Foundation and the Plan may indicate while specificity of their duties. Our documentation, further to consulted literature, embraced productions published by agencies of the direct and indirect administration of the federal and state governments, the legislature and technical meetings organized in Brazil and internationally and by local circulation media outlets in 1970s. According to the survey, the João Pinheiro Foundation represented an important subject in the planning and preservation processes, with diverse actions. The Conservation Plan, in turn, has assembled a professional team with passages by different administrative bodies that had no association with the cultural policies undertaken by IPHAN, corroborated the practice structured by the Institute until the 1970s, the prerogatives landscaping that put different forms of urban occupation of Ouro Preto under the influence of historical set. Organized in three chapters, the dissertation addresses the first to feature the urban planning reached during the military dictatorship, emphasizing the institutional aspect of two agencies of the federal planning, IPEA and the SERFHAU; in the second, the emergence of the João Pinheiro Foundation in a state context of administrative rationality and institutionalization of economic planning; and third, the organization of the Conservation Plan and its premises directly related to the relationship between urban development, conservation and tourism.

As the role of cities in addressing climate change has been increasingly recognized over the past two decades, the idea of a low-carbon city becomes a dominant framework to organize urban governance and envision a sustainable urban future. It also becomes a development discourse in the less developed world to guide the ongoing urbanization process. China’s efforts toward building low-carbon cities have been inspiring at first and then obscured by the halt or total failure of famous mega-projects, leading to a conclusion that Chinese low-carbon cities compose merely a strategy of green branding for promoting local economy. This conclusion, however, largely neglects the profound implications of the decarbonization discourse for the dynamics between the central and local governments, which together determine the rules and resources for development practices. The conclusion also hinders the progressive potentials of the decarbonization discourse in terms of introducing new values and norms to urban governance. This dissertation approaches “low-carbon cities” as a part of the decarbonization discourse and employs a discourse-institutional analysis to investigate the relationships between discourse, institutional arrangement, and socio-political resources for development activities. Through an examination of the Shenzhen International Low-Carbon City (SILCC), the dissertation answers three questions: (1) How does the framework of a low-carbon city affect a specific urban development project? (2) What is the role of the state (local/national) in promoting low-carbon development? and (3) What is the influence of the decarbonization discourse on institutions and norms of urban governance? Evidence was gathered during 2014-2017 from three fieldtrips, 39 interviews and the review of government documents and other archives. The dissertation highlights how different levels of government became entangled in developing a local area and how, in doing so, the proponents continuously searched for ways of ‘positioning’ their initiative in discourses that would attract higher level government support, maintain local coalitions, and entice international attention and investment. In this regard, low-carbon cities are a state discursive project. Rather than an established material goal, a low-carbon city is an evolving process in which the decarbonization discourse introduces a new set of values, metrics and governing logics into development practices and redefines the legitimacy and accountability of urban development. Furthermore, the local state leverages the interpretive flexibility within the decarbonization discourse through strategies including carbon labeling, weak carbonization, and carbon exceptionalism. Consequently, the state takes a strategic position to reconfigure the state-society as well as the environment-economy relationships.

A atuação do Dominicano francês Louis Joseph Lebret no Brasil, e da Sociedade para Análises Gráficas e Mecanográficas Aplicadas aos Complexos Socias - SAGMACS, instituição fundada por ele, que atuou entre os anos de 1947 e 1964, foi o mote de nossa pesquisa de doutorado. Buscamos verificar se pode o ideário de Lebret e as concepções e propostas desenvolvidas pela SAGMACS serem consideradas como pertencentes ao campo do urbanismo e ao campo do planejamento urbano e regional. Assim, nesta tese investigamos o ideário lebretiano - no que concerne às instituições fundadas pelo religioso - e os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados por ele na SAGMACS, para entendermos sobre o que permeava, dentro deste ideário, o entendimento dos problemas e da questão urbana, a fim de se apontar as ideias e os estudos, os planos e as contribuições resultantes à formação do quadro do urbanismo e do planejamento regional no Brasil, neste período. / The performance of the French Dominican Louis Joseph Lebret in Brazil, and the Society for Graphical and Mecanográficas Analysis Applied to Socials Complexes - SAGMACS, created by him, here between 1947 and 1964 was the subject of our doctoral research. We tried to find out if the ideas of Lebret and the views and proposals developed by SAGMACS can be considered as part of the fields of urbanism and urban and regional planning. Thus, in this thesis, we investigate Lebret\'s ideas - concerning institutions founded by the religious - and the methodological procedures used by him in SAGMACS in order to understand what permeated within this ideology, understanding of the problems and the urban issue, in order to point out the ideas, studies, plans and contributions to the formation of urban planning framework and regional planning in Brazil, in that period.

« Comment sont opérés les choix énergétiques dans les projets d’aménagement ? » Cette question, de curiosité, s’inscrit par ailleurs dans des préoccupations d’actualité. Face à la montée en puissance des enjeux environnementaux et plus particulièrement énergétiques dans la fabrique urbaine, le monde de l’aménagement cherche en effet à renouveler ses manières de faire. Cependant, la mise en oeuvre de tels changements se heurte à une méconnaissance de la mécanique opérationnelle des projets d’aménagement. Dès lors, notre thèse s’est construite autour de la compréhension des mécanismes de production des choix d’aménagement dans les projets urbains français. Nous nous sommes plus précisément intéressés à l’espace d’action de la maîtrise d’ouvrage urbaine, qui s’étend à l’interface entre les orientations « stratégiques » de la planification (planning) et les choix « techniques » de la conception formelle (design). Nous écartant de la division artificielle des tâches entre maîtrise d’ouvrage et maîtrise d’oeuvre, nous postulons que la maîtrise d’ouvrage urbaine est responsable d’une véritable activité de conception qui se décline sous plusieurs formes :- la participation à l’élaboration et à l’actualisation des orientations stratégiques et des choix de programmation et de composition du projet d’aménagement ;- l’encadrement des couples maîtrise d’ouvrage/maîtrise d’oeuvre dans la fabrique des différentes composantes matérielles (bâtiments, infrastructures, espaces publics) de l’espace urbain ;- l’élaboration et le pilotage des dispositifs et des processus d’organisation de l’action collective.Dans ce cadre, la thèse propose d’abord de documenter empiriquement la « boîte noire » que constitue encore l’activité de conception de la maîtrise d’ouvrage urbaine. Nous appuyant sur une analyse approfondie des choix énergétiques opérés à l’occasion de l’opération d’intérêt national Bordeaux Euratlantique, il s’agit de traiter les questions suivantes : quelles sont les scènes de conception internes et externes à la maîtrise d’ouvrage urbaine et comment s’articulent-elles ? quels sont les processus qui aboutissent aux formulations et aux reformulations des choix d’aménagement au cours du projet ? et quelle instrumentation maîtrise d’ouvrage urbaine mobilise-t-elle dans son activité de conception ?Pour ce faire nous reconstruisons, sous forme de récit, les principales séquences d’action ayant abouti à la définition d’une stratégie énergétique et environnementale, à l’organisation de la prise en compte des aspects énergétiques dans la fabrique du bâti, et à la mise en place de systèmes d’approvisionnement en chaleur et en froid. Adoptant une approche pragmatique, nous combinons des grilles de lecture issues de différentes disciplines (sociologies des organisations et des techniques, sciences de gestion) pour interpréter chacune de ces séquences d’action en mettant en lumière leurs dimensions politique, cognitive et productive.La lecture transversale du récit nous permet ensuite de mettre en évidence le rôle primordial alloué à la décision, comprise comme un dispositif d’engagement et d’irréversibilisation de l’action collective. Comme la qualité, les coûts et les délais, la décision peut alors être considérée comme un macro-objectif qui guide la maîtrise d’ouvrage dans son activité de conception.Toutefois, le pilotage de la conception par la facilitation de la décision entre parfois en conflit avec la complexité des assemblages sociotechniques de la fabrique urbaine, caractérisés par des interdépendances qui poussent à un traitement intégré de certaines interfaces. La thèse se conclut donc par une relecture des objectifs de qualité-coûts-délais-décision au prisme d’une tension entre la logique du « définir », guidée par la performance technico-économique, et la logique du « faire advenir », guidée par l’effectivité opérationnelle / “How is energetical design done in urban development projects?” This question goes beyond curiosity, in line with current preoccupations. Facing the growing pressure of environment and energy challenges within urban fabric, urban development is trying to renew its practices. Such changes, however, need to address the general lack of understanding about the actual logics of collective action during urban development projects.Our research aims to better understand the generation processes of design choices in French urban development projects. We focus on the space of “maîtrise d’ouvrage urbaine” (local development authority), which stretches at the interface between strategic orientations of planning authorities and technical choices of formal designers. Moving away from the traditional division of labour, we assume that local development authorities are actually responsible for a design activity, which covers the generation and update of strategic orientations for urban development, the regulation of buildings, infrastructures and public spaces productions, and the organisation and management of collective design activity.Within this framework, this research first provides empirical insights of the urban development authority’s energy design activity at Bordeaux Euratlantique, France. Through an extensive account of energy choices in this project, we document the various, intertwined design arenas, the processes for designing and updating design choices, and the instrumentation of urban development authority’s design activity. To understand these phenomena from political, cognitive and managerial perspectives, we combine various theoretical frameworks derived from pragmatic approaches of organizational studies, science & technology studies and management sciences.The cross-analysis of our empirical account allows us to highlight the key role of collective action initiation and lock-in, which are embodied by the concept of decision. Decision then become a macro-objective for urban developers alongside quality, costs and delays. But the management of design activity from a decision-making perspective sometimes comes into conflict with the complexity of urban sociotechnical assemblages, which call for an integrated processing of interfaces and interdependencies. The thesis then concludes on the tension between the logic of “definition”, which is steered by techno-economic performance objectives, and the logic of “implementation”, which is steered by operational effectivity challenges

The historic place is the result of a uniqueness that characterises and differentiates it from other places. It holds both tangible and intangible features that creates its sense of place, which is a lifelong process whereby it gradually constitutes our historic city and its character. This study aligns with the growing recognition by the international heritage community to expand our understanding of cultural heritage to include tangible and intangible values, agenda of sustainability, the role of local culture, and sustainable development. It, thus, initiates a critical dialogue between heritage conservation and sustainable urban development, to examine the concept of sense of place and its implications for conservation theory and practice. By drawing on a variety of methodologies and sources, it seeks to understand how effectively sense of place can contribute to the management of historic urban areas in a globalised world. The theoretical phase of the research traces relevant literature and studies, presenting the latest debates on heritage management at the international level, and explores selected collaborative projects in Europe at regional level. While the practical phase, focuses on Edinburgh as an in-depth case study, exploring its policies and practice at a local level. The methodological approach adopted in this study has enabled combining literature from different disciplines, through categorising the main features of sense of place, to a grid of main goals for any development project: conserving the physical structure, the suitability of the use, and the development of local community and improving the quality of life. This takes us beyond issues of conservation and towards a recognition of the central role sense of place and local community have in (re)configuring shared values, practices, collective memory and identity in a specific cultural cluster. To illustrate the validity of the approach, the analytical framework was applied to selected development projects across Edinburgh to explore the sense of place, unpack the complexity of local values of various users, effectively engage more users and stakeholders, and redefine heritage management and the way it can be integrated within the planning system. This was possible by using various methods to acknowledge its multiplicity: exploring the evolution of Edinburgh’s historic place in history and the role of planning system and policies into shaping the present character; and conducting semi-structured interviews with stakeholders and focus groups in local communities.

Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2016-09-02T12:02:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Ana Keli de Queiroz.pdf: 2342719 bytes, checksum: 198749f9ed5cb863c497eda74421531e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2016-09-05T17:35:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Ana Keli de Queiroz.pdf: 2342719 bytes, checksum: 198749f9ed5cb863c497eda74421531e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-05T17:35:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Ana Keli de Queiroz.pdf: 2342719 bytes, checksum: 198749f9ed5cb863c497eda74421531e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The current process of urbanization of cities challenges researchers to analyze the appropriation of space, as an result of expansion urban cities, as well of the growing demand for goods and services for the satisfaction of people's needs, such as access to water, energy, education, health care, housing, among others. This appropriation of urban space occurs differently among different social groups, while some have access to better infrastructure and locations; others are relocated to poor areas with little or no infrastructure and away from basic services such as schools, day care centers and hospitals. In the city of Campina Grande, it can be observed that the city`s production process occurs so often exclusive and contradictory, because the search for modernization ends up excluding the low-income population of the central areas of the city, "pushing them" to the outlying areas. This process has led to crowded areas with poor infrastructure. This paper aims to conduct a study on the creation and use of urban space in Campina Grande analyzing the real estate Major Veneziano I, in the period between 2010 - 2015. To achieve the proposed objective, the research methods used were bibliography research and qualitative field research using ethnography study and the application of semi-structured interviews with the real state residents and the coach of Municipality`s Planning Department responsible for social work on that place. We found out on the field research that there are some difficulties of the families in relation how to "live" on the real state, because the residential needs of a social infrastructure that enables this population access to services such as health, education, security, access to trade properly and equally, a fact that makes these families to feel in a "isolated" city. There was also the difficulty of adapting the beneficiaries about the new way to "live" in a real state that requires individuals a greater compliance regarding duties and obligations that are needed to their collective well-being. / O atual processo de urbanização das cidades torna desafiador analisar a apropriação do espaço, que resulta em uma expansão do tecido urbano das cidades, além de uma crescente demanda por bens e serviços destinados à satisfação das necessidades da população, como o acesso à água, à energia, à educação, à assistência médica, à habitação, entre outros. Essa apropriação do espaço urbano ocorre de maneira distinta entre os diferentes grupos sociais, visto que alguns têm acesso a uma melhor infraestrutura e localização enquanto outros são relocados para áreas precárias, com pouca ou nenhuma infraestrutura e distantes dos serviços básicos como escolas, creches e hospitais, bem como do centro da cidade. Em Campina Grande, pode-se observar que o processo de produção da cidade ocorre de maneira muitas vezes excludente e contraditória, porquanto em certos momentos a busca pelo moderno acaba por excluir a população de baixa renda das áreas centrais do município, “empurrando-a” para as áreas periféricas, esse processo deu origem a áreas aglomeradas com pouca infraestrutura. Este trabalho consiste em um estudo sobre a produção e apropriação do espaço urbano em Campina Grande a partir da análise do empreendimento imobiliário Major Veneziano I, no período de 2010 a 2015. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, os métodos de pesquisa utilizados foram a pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo de caráter qualitativo, mediante etnografia e aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas com residentes do empreendimento e técnico da Secretaria de Planejamento do Município responsável pelo trabalho social no local. Constatamos, a partir da pesquisa de campo, algumas dificuldades das famílias em relação ao “viver” no local, pois o residencial carece de uma infraestrutura social que possibilite a essa população o acesso a serviços como saúde, educação, segurança, além de acesso ao comércio de forma adequada e igualitária, fato que faz com que essas famílias se sintam “isoladas” da cidade. Verificou-se também a dificuldade de adaptação dos beneficiários em relação à nova forma de “residir” em um condomínio que exige dos indivíduos um maior cumprimento dos deveres e obrigações que visam o bem estar coletivo.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:23:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Helayne Candido Pereira.pdf: 2884742 bytes, checksum: 2f318c12a0a17f09f87207fd97e2fd72 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper describes and analyzes the dynamics of the conflict installed on the Quilombo Paratibe (a community formed by black slave descendents), located in the city of João Pessoa, capital of Paraíba state, which there are more than twenty years goes through a process of losing its territory and suffers from its natural vegetation deforestation and pollution, caused by the growing urban development of the city and by the large real estate speculation in the region, which interferes in its traditional collective use and in its cultural manifestations . The theoretical framework of this study is guided by interdisciplinary knowledge from different fields such as sociology , anthropology, law and by the discussion of concepts of Quilombo , real estate capital and property speculation. The study is divided into three parts . The first chapter is an immersion in the Quilombo of Paratibe via two stages: the first presents a historical reconstruction of the Quilombo of Paratibe with the scope to demonstrate the of the community s territoriality relationship with the area in question, and the second locates Paratibe in today's times presenting its social aspects (such as birth, death , education, labor and livelihoods), also its environmental and institutional aspects in order to make us know the space where the so called conflict occurs. In the second chapter we seek to understand the territory of Paratibe s different appropriation logics: on one hand, presenting the discussion from the perspective of the territory culture binomial, we sought to understand how is the relationship between the maroons and the territory and how this relationship led to the defense of the territory s protective constitutional framework and its historical and cultural heritage; on the other hand, we seek to understand the other territory appropriation logic, the region s urban development through the development process via real estate capital . In the third chapter , in which is our main goal, we present our field research, which has documentary character . We analyze how the State , through the Judiciary , the figure of the Federal Public Ministry - MPF - has acted in solving the case by analyzing it with the Content Analysis (CA) methodology, case number: 003147-47.2010.4.05.8200, authored by the same MPF in Federal Court. The final specific study allowed us to know the stage of the legitimacy conflict in which is Paratibe, in the middle of a clash between the defense of collective and individual rights, in which MPF worked persistently and according to its powers to defend collective rights , although the Judiciary acted in a way that does not prized by an updated and systematic interpretation of the case in accordance with the protective constitutional legal framework to which those people are subjected causing the postponement and adjournment of the case. We conclude that the unmet determinations guaranteed by the 1988 s Federal Constitution is the result of our own land formation that historically excluded blacks from sharing Brazilian land and from all forms of social benefits , and promotes up to today a set of political , institutional and cultural factors that hinder the effectiveness of these widely recognized rights. Finally, we observed a trend of advocacy linked to territorial issue in which traditional communities pass to be addressed in connection with the defense of the environment and culture of these people demanding an update operation of the Judiciary. / Este trabalho descreve e analisa a dinâmica do conflito instalado no quilombo de Paratibe, localizado na cidade de João Pessoa, capital do estado da Paraíba, que há mais de vinte anos passa por um processo de perda de seu território, e sofre com o desmatamento de sua vegetação natural e poluição, para o crescente desenvolvimento urbano da cidade através da grande especulação imobiliária da região, que interfere em seu tradicional uso coletivo pela comunidade e nas suas manifestações culturais. O referencial teórico deste estudo é norteado pela interdisciplinaridade utilizando conhecimentos de diferentes áreas como sociologia, antropologia, direito, e a discussão de seus conceitos como quilombo, capital imobiliário e especulação imobiliária. O estudo está divido em três partes. O primeiro capítulo representa uma imersão no quilombo de Paratibe por via de dois momentos: o primeiro apresenta uma reconstrução histórica do quilombo de Paratibe no escopo de demonstrar as relações de territorialidade da comunidade com a área em questão; e o segundo situa Paratibe nos tempos de hoje apresentado os aspectos sociais (natalidade, mortalidade, educação, trabalho e meios de subsistência), ambientais e institucionais de Paratibe no intuito de conhecermos o espaço onde ocorre o conflito em tela. No segundo capítulo procuramos compreender as lógicas diferenciadas de apropriação do território de Paratibe: de um lado procurou-se entender como se dá a relação entre os quilombolas e o território apresentando a discussão sob a ótica do binômio território-cultura e como esta propiciou a defesa de arcabouço jurídico constitucional protetivo do território e do patrimônio histórico-cultural dos quilombos; do outro lado procuramos compreender a outra lógica de apropriação do território, o desenvolvimento urbano daquela região através do processo de desenvolvimento via capital imobiliário. No terceiro capítulo, onde se encontra nosso objetivo principal, apresentamos nossa pesquisa de campo de caráter documental. Analisamos como o Estado, através do poder judiciário, na figura do Ministério Público Federal - MPF - tem atuado na resolução do caso analisando por meio da metodologia da Análise de Conteúdo (AC) o processo nº: 003147-47.2010.4.05.8200 de autoria do mesmo na Justiça Federal. O estudo específico final nos possibilitou conhecermos o cenário do conflito de legitimidades em que se encontra Paratibe, no embate da defesa de direitos coletivos e individuais, em que o MPF atuou de forma persistente e de acordo suas prerrogativas de defesa dos direitos coletivos de Paratibe, e em que o judiciário atuou de forma que não prezou por uma interpretação atualizada e sistêmica do caso em conformidade com o arcabouço jurídico constitucional protetivo ao qual estão submetidos estes povos ocasionando o protelamento e adiamento do processo. Conclui-se que o não atendimento das determinações legais asseguradas pela Constituição Federal de 1988 é fruto da nossa própria formação fundiária que historicamente excluiu os negros da partilha das terras brasileiras e de todas as formas de benesses sociais, e que promove até os dias de hoje um conjunto de elementos políticos, institucionais e culturais que impedem a efetividade destes direitos amplamente reconhecidos. Por fim, observada uma tendência da defesa de direitos ligados a questão territorial nos casos de comunidades tradicionais passarem a ser abordados em associação com a defesa do meio ambiente e cultura destes povos exigindo uma atualização de atuação do poder judiciário.

Esta dissertação trata da problemática que envolve a requalificação urbana de áreas centrais consolidadas e industrializadas em processo de degradação urbana e ambiental que perderam parte de sua população residente, mas que dispõem de infra-estrutura urbana básica instalada suficiente para suportar readensamento populacional controlado na reorganização da cidade. A requalificação urbana dessas áreas, aliada à sua localização estratégica próxima aos centros históricos ou novos das grandes metrópoles completos por sua diversidade de oferta de comércio, serviços, cultura e lazer, são um trunfo para o planejamento urbano na solução de problemas causados pelo constante deslocamento das populações entre seu local de moradia, local de trabalho, consumo, educação, cultura, esporte e lazer. Esta dissertação partiu da análise histórica do desenvolvimento urbano de dois bairros centrais e industrializados: os bairros históricos Brás e Mooca, localizados na metrópole de São Paulo, passando pela análise do tecido urbano, por um diagnóstico geral e finalizando com a proposição de um conjunto de diretrizes gerais e pontuais para a requalificação urbana da área-objeto de estudo. / The following dissertation discusses the problems involved in the urban requalification of consolidated and industrial central areas under urban and environmental degradation processes  ?   also known as brownfields. It outlines areas that have lost part of their original inhabitants, but which still possess the basic installed infrastructure necessary to endure controlled repopulation upon city reorganization. The urban requalification of these areas, together with their strategic placing within the city  ? near historical and newly formed centers, which are made complete by the wide diversity of commerce, services, culture and entertainment ? constitutes a great advantage in the context of urban planning and problem solving regarding commuters and other shopping, education, culture, sport and leisure journeys. This paper begins with the historical analysis of the urban development of two central and industrialized neighborhoods  ? the historical neighborhoods of Brás and Mooca, located at the city of São Paulo  ? going through the analysis of the urban network via a general diagnosis, and summing up with the proposition of a set of general directives, both general and specific, for the urban requalification of the area under study.

Essa dissertação tem por objetivo analisar as relações entre os processos de industrialização e de urbanização no município de São Carlos, localizado no Centro- Oeste paulista, entre as décadas de 1930 e 1960. O recorte temporal enquadra-se na etapa de desenvolvimento industrial brasileiro marcado pela concentração da produção no estado de São Paulo. Nesse período, o nexo econômico da industrialização se impõe à dinâmica urbana. As relações entre industrialização e urbanização da área urbana em São Carlos, no período em tela, foram estudadas em três dimensões: em relação aos processos territoriais; em relação à atuação do poder público no controle e/ou incentivo à instalação de indústrias e em relação à participação dos industriais no processo de expansão urbana. Os objetivos acima expostos foram atingidos através de pesquisa bibliográfica, levantamento de dados estatísticos, dados secundários, bases cartográficas, entrevistas com empresários, pesquisa em jornais e pesquisa documental nos arquivos da Prefeitura de São Carlos, em especial na Fundação Pró-Memória de São Carlos. / This dissertation aims to examine the relationships between the processes of industrialization and urbanization in São Carlos, located in the Central West of the state of São Paulo, between the 1930s and the 1960s.The period in focus refers to Brazilian stage of industrial development, which is characterized by the concentrate of production in the state of São Paulo. In this period, the nexus of industrialization is imposed on urban dynamics. The relations between industrialization and urbanization in São Carlos, were be studied in three dimensions: in relation to territorial processes, in relation to the performance of the government in controlling and / or encouraging the installation of industries and in relation to the participation of the industrial agents in the urban expansion process. The objectives above were achieved through a bibliographical review, statistical and secondary data survey, cartographic databases, interviews with entrepreneurs and research in papers and documental research in the archives of the city of São Carlos, in particular at Fundação Pró-Memória de São Carlos.