Diploma thesis "Suburbanization and Regional Development according to the Theory of Sustainable Development" deals with the processes of suburbanization, with a focus on its negative impacts, e.g. urban sprawl, and the influence of these processes concerning regional development and sustainable development. The problems of suburbanization and the associated public policy are analyzed on two basic levels: 1. Analysis of the policy (especially regional policy, policy of urban planning) on particular levels of governance with analysis of key documents (strategic political documents, both national and supranational); 2. Analysis of the regional development of the Central Bohemia (with cases studies of Vysoký Újezd and Horoměřice) influenced by the suburbanization process in surrounding Prague (analysis of indices of regional development that are closely connected with suburbanization, such as migration, construction, property price development and also other socio-economic indices). The result of the thesis is a model analysis that creates the framework for the evaluation of suburbanization concerning regional development. This is carried out according to the concept of sustainable development and proposes the basic set of indices relevant for measuring the influence of suburbanization on sustainable...

Chapter 1 provides a discussion of definitions, criticisms, and measurements of urban sprawl. Land-use controls are surveyed in Chapter 2. In Chapter 3, we present the monocentric urban model, followed by a discussion of extensions of that model to include land-use controls. Chapter 4 is a survey of previous empirical analysis of the monocentric model, while Chapters 5 and 6 present our own empirical work. In general, our empirical results support the theoretical predictions as well as providing support for policies to control sprawl. In particular, the results support the use of maximum lot-size zoning, urban growth boundaries, and density restrictions in the form of minimum building heights, minimum square-footage limits, maximum building permits, and minimum persons per room. The importance of this dissertation lies in the fact that it presents the first empirical analysis of the effects of land-use controls on urban sprawl. For this reason, the findings should be of interest to urban planners in their efforts to control urban sprawl. Because we test theoretical hypotheses found in the urban economics literature, the results should also be of interest to academic economists. Finally, the data on land-use controls gathered for the empirical analysis should be of importance to researchers in urban economics.

Skåre och Skattkärr är två av Karlstads stadsnära tätorter. Trots deras liknande geografiska förutsättningar i anslutning till staden skiljer sig orterna åt. För att förstå Skåre och Skattkärrs särdrag är det betydande att studera hur orterna präglats olika av förändringsprocesser över tid samt förstå drivkrafterna bakom utvecklingen i varje ort. Qviström (2009) menar att planeringstrender är en av drivkrafterna som präglat förändringsprocessen. Sieverts (2003) lyfter istället vikten av ett bredare perspektiv för att uppnå en mer nyanserad bild av orternas komplexa utveckling. Utöver trendernas påverkan på utvecklingen har således tre ytterligare förklaringsmodeller tillämpats, centralortsteorin, Urban Sprawl och peri-urbanitet.   Uppsatsen syftar därav till att undersöka planeringstrenders historiskt rumsliga utfall i Skåre och Skattkärr samt förklara utfallet med hjälp av valda förklaringsmodeller. Syftet har mynnat ut i följande frågeställningar; Hur har planeringstrender påverkat orternas rumsliga utfall? och Hur kan orternas utveckling förklaras med hjälp av övriga valda förklaringsmodeller? För att besvara frågeställningarna har en fallstudie genomförts med de kvalitativa metoderna dokumentstudie och fältobservation. Dokumentstudien syftade till att kartlägga orternas utveckling över tid och fältobservationerna till att granska utvecklingens rumsliga utfall.    Studien visade att både Skåre och Skattkärrs rumsliga utfall påverkats av planeringstrender. Planeringstrenderna industrialismen och modernismen gick att utläsa i bebyggelsestrukturen. Postmodernismen och postindustrialismen var svårare att utläsa, vilket kan bero på trendernas liknande karaktär i kombination med en minskad exploatering. Dagens planeringstrend förtätning var svårast att utläsa genom en minskad exploatering i orterna. Utvecklingen kan dock tänkas vara ett utfall av en förtätning som främst riktar sig till centralorten. Resultatet synliggjorde även andra faktorer som påverkat utfallet, bland annat naturgeografiska förutsättningar och lagstiftning. Kartläggningen av orternas utveckling visade vidare på hur Skåre och Skattkärr över tid erhållit såväl urbana som rurala egenskaper. Skåre har utvecklats till en mer självständig ort med mer urbana funktioner, bland annat ett utvecklat serviceutbud. Skattkärr har istället tagit en mer självklar form av en stadsnära tätort. Framförallt genom bostadsbebyggelse i attraktiva lägen samt ett större beroende av utbudet i Karlstad tätort.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第18584号 / 工博第3945号 / 新制||工||1606(附属図書館) / 31484 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科建築学専攻 / (主査)教授 神吉 紀世子, 教授 門内 輝行, 教授 髙田 光雄 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

This thesis examines the politics of poetry in works by the contemporary Swedish poets Jörgen Gassilewski and Lars Raattamaa. This is accomplished within a theoretical framework based on the aesthetic philosophy of Jacques Rancière and his understanding of politics, aesthetics, and artistic forms and practices. The thesis aims to elucidate the politics of poetry in Gassilewski and Raattamaa beyond the political categories of engagement and activism, and argues that poetry is political in and of itself, as a way of reconfiguring common forms of sense experience. Proceeding from the philosophy of Rancière and his understanding of montage and of historical discourse the thesis shows how the kaleidoscopic poetry of Gassilewski in skapelsens sedelärande samtal (2002) and Raattamaa’s poetry structured around names from the history of communism in Kommunismen (2014) propose political possibilities by intervening in the configurations of the forms of the sensible. The thesis also shows how a poetics of sprawl is explicitly elaborated on the basis of the concept of urban sprawl in the writings of Raattamaa which can be encountered in different ways in the work of both poets more broadly.

Unigov is one of the most significant pieces of legislation in Indianapolis and Indiana history. In the often times hostile environment of Indiana politics it is nothing short of a miracle that the leaders in the Republican Party were able to get the Unigov bill approved and have it be as successful for the city as it has been. Unigov also created a modern day political machine for the Republican Party of Indianapolis. The new city of Indianapolis under the leadership of Republican Mayors Richard Lugar and William Hudnut has earned national name recognition on the convention circuit and for hosting amateur athletics events. Over time the growth attributed to Unigov has proven to be unsustainable. Unigov has also been inefficient at solving many of the social problems the city had when it was created. Unigov and the initial growth of the city from its consolidation were dependent on the suburban tax base that used to exist in the outer townships of Marion County. Unigov has had the effect of pushing that tax base even further out from the central business district. Many of the problems Indianapolis faces today were the same problems it faced when Unigov expanded the city. This has had the effect of building a new city on old problems. As the suburbs have expanded they now compete directly with Indianapolis for jobs, entertainment, and cultural events. The goal of this paper is to better understand the need for Unigov, how it fits into a national context, and how the city has fared over the first twenty-two years since its enactment.

Large-scale developments undergo a process known as Environmental ImpactAssessment (EIA) in order to assess the environmental effects that the constructionmight incur, carried out by the municipal office. Only projects of a large area coverage such as highways and railroads are covered by this procedure. However, the effects of urban sprawl tend to be of significantly greater size than individual large-scale projects. This is handled via the principal of zoning, planning the area usage of city developments. To lend a greater understanding and awareness of the environmental effects of urban sprawl, and how to minimise these, the application of EIAs to the zoning work may prove viable. This investigation is conducted via a qualitative research methodology employing literary review, surveys and interviews to garner data on current opinion and knowledge to provide possibility for development. The data collected points to a disparate view of the application of EIAs in municipal work, based on reliance on external consultants and varying degrees of locally founded methods of application, as well as a lack of proper follow up to performed EIAs. In order to combat these issues and grant an increased efficacy of EIA appliance within environmental issues, and namely urban development, a potential for legal reclassification is advised, to require some form of relevant follow up, describe a more foundational groundwork in legal documentation. The potential for EIAs to counter the effects of urban sprawl are inherently boosted by these actions, but an attempt to directly apply this would be an increase in intensity for EIA appliance during regional zoning, to prevent overreliance on detailed zoning plans on each other.

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"The main role of the art of building is to make our life pleasant and happy, an invaluable vita beata"-Marco Frascari. Vita Beata-the blessed life, the good life-this is why we design and ultimately build. Designers too often forget this important reality and unwittingly design places which may serve the financial expediency of their clients, or their own intellectual hubris, but entirely miss this highest aim of architecture. Such an epicurean design position demands that the highest priority be placed on architectural relationships and conditions which serve people in their endeavor to be reconciled and at peace with their surroundings. This thesis examines three such relationships: the relationship of the house with neighboring houses, the relationship of the house with its site, and the relationship between indoor and outdoor spaces. Houses built under today's urban (or suburban) sprawl paradigm often create dysfunction and disharmony in these critical relationships and subtly alienate and harass people in their daily efforts to fulfill their most fundamental human desires. Several precedents from master architects are considered which actively address these important relationships, with very positive results. A small, multi-unit, residential project is proposed with respect to these relationships and in response to the harmful practices of urban sprawl. Our culture desperately needs relevant proposals from architects which address the blight of urban sprawl. Too often, architectural ideas are limited in their relevance because they are conceived in utopian notions that disregard, or naively overlook, important contextual factors and relationships. / Master of Architecture