The purpose of this paper was to design a strategy for teaching stress to children with sever to profound hearing losses to progress from the simple detection of the presence or absence of a drum beat to the identification of the number of stressed syllables in spoken sentences without the aid of the drum beat. Emphasis was focused upon the simplicity of programming structure and minimum of equipment.

<p> This study analyses the growth prospects of Pakistan over the period 1978 to 1990. The framework used for the analysis is a macroeconometric model of the economy which is constructed and estimated based on data for the period 1956 to 1978. The predictive ability of the model is evaluated in terms of its ability to forecast values of the endogenous variables in an historic simulation context. The model is then used initially to forecast values of major endogenous variables over the period 1978 to 1990, based on a-benchmark set of assumptions about growth in the exogenous variables. The results of the benchmark forecast are compared with results of six other forecasts in which the assumptions about the future course of key domestic and international factors are varied.</p> <p> The macroeconometric model consists of a system of nonlinear dynamic simultaneous equations. An input-output block composed of ten production sectors is incorporated. The final demand side is disaggregated into private and public expenditures, including exports and imports by economic categories. The revenue structure and role of the government in the development of the economy are treated as endogenously determined. The influence of bank credit on capital formation and the effect of government deficits on the money supply are explicitly incorporated.</p> <p> The results of the initial benchmark forecast with the model are compared with targets set by the Pakistan Planning Commission in the context of the Fifth Five-Year Plan (1978-83). It is found that the plan was consistent but was not feasible with regard to the amount of non-inflationary resources required to carry it out. For these reasons, the plan was aborted in 1981. </p> <p> In the other experiments it is found that a higher international growth rate, though raising the growth path of the Pakistan economy, does not translate into an equivalent increase in growth in the domestic economy. The economy's growth path is found to be very sensitive to the course of agricultural development. A harvest failure in one year would permanently lower the growth path for subsequent years. The economy is found to be flexible enough to withstand a surge in imports in one year without its long-run growth path being affected. Finally, on the basis of the last experiment, a feasible course of action for government policy is suggested. This would require development expenditures to increase by half the amount suggested in the plan. Under this policy, gross domestic product and related aggregates would have annual real growth of 4.1 percent in the long-run accompanied by yearly increases in employment of 3.3 percent. Government and balance of payments deficits would be cut to manageable size, resulting in reduced inflationary tendencies in the economy.</p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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Yes / The set of subsystems Sigma(m) of a finite quantum system Sigma(n) with variables in Z(n) together with logical connectives, is a Heyting algebra. The probabilities tau(m vertical bar rho(n)) Tr vertical bar B(m)rho(n)] (where B(m) is the projector to Sigma(m)) are compatible with associativity of the join in the Heyting algebra, only if the variables belong to the same chain. Consequently, contextuality in the present formalism, has the chains as contexts. Various Bell-like inequalities are discussed. They are violated, and this proves that quantum mechanics is a contextual theory.

Semanticists, philosophers and logicians have standardly analyzed a range of natural language expressions on the model of the variables of formal languages. This dissertation explores variable- based semantic theories of pronounsand proper names. The first two chapters argue that a variable-based, presuppositional semantics for pronouns proposed by Cooper (1979, 1983) resolves an apparent trilemma arising from the conjunction of three plausible commitments concerning the semantics of pronouns: that some anaphoric pronouns with quantifier antecedents are bound variables, that referential pronouns have context-independent meanings, and that the relation between bound and referential pronouns is not ambiguity or homonymy. The first chapter argues that Cooper’s semantics is descriptively and empirically superior to alternative theories, including Kaplan’s account, which does not resolve the trilemma. The second addresses an important objection to the view that bound and referential pronouns make the same semantic contribution, involving cases where bound pronouns do not appear to trigger semantic presuppositions. I argue that this appearance is misleading: bound pronouns do trigger semantic presuppositions and have the same (Cooper-style) denotations as referential pronouns. The third chapter addresses the phenomenon of non c-command or ‘donkey’ anaphora. These anaphors appear to require a departure from Cooper’s semantics and, more generally, from the view that anaphoric pronouns correspond to (classical) bound variables. I consider D-type accounts of donkey anaphora and argue that these accounts must be revised in ways that bring the denotations of donkey anaphors closer to those of ordinary bound and referential pronouns. The last chapter asks whether proper names require a variable-based semantics. I consider a pair of recent anaphoric theories of proper names, according to which proper names have anaphoric uses and are thus better modeled as variables. I argue that there are important reasons to reject a variable-based model for proper names, in contrast with pronouns.

The problem is a study of the relationship of selected musical and extra-musical variables to sight-singing ability.