Global ETD Search

11	Citizens United : - en strid mellan yttrandefrihet och politisk jämlikhet? Clément, Daniel January 2015 (has links) Modern democracies rest on a foundation of values essential to their prosperity. Two of those values are freedom of speech and political equality. To many, these values appear to coexist effortlessly. However, what this thesis aims to expose are some of the problems that quickly arise when attempts to interpret the values fail. The thesis investigates a specific US Supreme Court ruling called Citizens United. The ruling enabled corporations and unions to use their own treasuries for unlimited independent political expenditures. Previous laws that prohibited such corporate and union expenditures were deemed unconstitutional by the Supreme Court for violating the First Amendment’s right to freedom of speech. The ruling also paved the way for another court ruling in the US called SpeechNow.org. Facilitated by the two court rulings the so called Super PACs and 501(c)(4) organizations could receive and spend unlimited money to expressly support or oppose political candidates and parties in American elections. With an analytical framework consisting of John Rawls’s theories the Veil of Ignorance and the Difference Principle a conclusion concerning Citizens United’s righteousness can be made. The thesis concludes that the Supreme Court based its ruling on a misinterpretation of the value of freedom of speech and that Citizens United resulted in greater political inequality in the US. The Difference Principle the Veil of Ignorance Citizens United Supreme Court Super PACs 501(c)(4) SpeechNow.org
12	Problémy sociální spravednosti na pozadí koncepce Johna Rawlse / Social justice issues against backround of John Rawls´conception KOUBÍKOVÁ, Martina January 2010 (has links) At first, the thesis aims at general definition of {\clq}qjustice``, it presents principles and typology of justice. Next, it explores a historical-social background of these conceptions of justice in an outline of historical eras. The second chapter introduces principles and distribution of property in social reality. The third chapter offers an overview of John Rawls´ conception of justice, which is one of the most important contemporary accounts. The fourth chapter deals with a social justice on an international level and enlarges upon Rawls´ theory discussing questions of global justice posed by other authors.
13	Two principles of justice in the philosophy of John Rawls and libertarian critique of Robert Nozick Syla, Driton 07 1900 (has links) No description available. La justice comme l’équité La distribution de la justice La théorie de la justice L’utilitarisme Le libertarisme Le libéralisme La théorie politique libérale Les principes de justice Les deux principes de justice Le principe d’utilité moyenne L’ordre lexical Le moins favorisé La règle de dichotomie La position initiale La voile d’ignorance Les principes pour les institutions La distribution des biens L’État L’idée du bien La moralité Les arguments positifs et négatifs La critique de Nozick des principes La durabilité des principes Justice as fairness Distribution of justice Theory of justice Utilitarianism Libertarianism Liberalism Liberal political theory Principles of justice Two principles of justice Principle of the average utility Lexical order Least advantaged Dichotomy rule Original position Veil of ignorance Principles for institutions Distribution of goods State Idea of good Morality Negative and positive arguments Nozick’s critiques of the principles Philosophy / Philosophie (UMI : 0422)

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