En analys av mamma/papparoll i tidningen Vi Föräldrar.Hur såg mamma/papparollen ut 1986 och 2006 och har det skett förändringar sen dess. / En analys av föräldraroller i tidningen Vi Föräldrar från 1986 och 2006.

Students with Visual Impairment (VI) s5ll experience barriers to educa5on despite the right to educa5on s5pulated in the United Na5ons Conven5on on the Rights of Persons with Disabili5es (UNCRPD). Challenges such as delays in the conversion of curriculum content to accessible formats, inaccessible online course sites and teaching and learning that is mostly visual. With the University of Cape Town (UCT) going fully online due to COVID-19 pandemic, it became necessary to explore how equitable access to the curriculum is understood. The research topic is: How do staff and students at UCT understand equitable access to the curriculum for students with VIs? Four conceptual framework components were used. The hidden and enacted curriculum was used to explore hidden curriculum aspects and their effect on the enacted curriculum. Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework was used to explore enablers such as assis5ve technology (AT) and challenges such as inaccessible content. Eight elements of digital literacies were used to explore access to opportuni5es to acquire digital literacies and the UNCRPD to ensure alignment with the right to educa5on. A Q methodology study was conducted which is a hybrid of both quan5ta5ve and qualita5ve methods. It sta5s5cally groups viewpoints that are significantly similar to or dis5nct from each other, quan5ta5vely into factors, then qualita5vely interprets these factors thema5cally to reveal par5cipant views about the research topic. Data was collected from students with VI, lecturers, staff from Disability Services, ICT Services, Library Services, and the Centre for Higher Educa5on Development using Q sor5ng where par5cipants ranked sixty statements into disagree, neutral and agree. Focus group discussions were used to support the interpreta5on of the factors. Findings revealed that: accessible curriculum is also a technical issue which is not priori5sed at UCT, and lecturers struggle with compe5ng demands such lack of 5me, need for promo5on and research. Accessibility design from the start both for curriculum development and support services is not valued. The right to educa5on for students with VI is par5al, varying their experience of the curriculum. Tes5ng of a course site for accessibility and lack of AT nega5vely affects right to educa5on. This study argues that students with VI do not yet enjoy full par5cipa5on in the curriculum due to lack of understanding of the complexity involved. UDL can help academics move from a deficit view to an asset view of students with VI. UCT should change its opera5onal model to accessibility from the start. Then UCT will move closer to equitable access to the curriculum for students with VI.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

This dissertation examines the allocation of funds over the entire tenure of the HOPE VI, a public housing competitive grant, to determine if the program adhered to its program goals. This study focuses on the application and selection phases of HOPE VI. Moreover, this study looks to the scholarship on redistributive politics to gain an understanding of any deviations from projected program results. Within the context of an institutional policy analysis approach, this dissertation explores the consequences of using competitive grants as a policy tool for the HOPE VI program and postulates on its effects on program outcomes. An empirical analysis of the grant applicants and grant recipients finds that overall, large developments had a better rate in receiving grants and received more grants on their initial attempt. However, small public housing developments, which were not the focus of the HOPE VI program, submitted four times as many applications with a success rate of fifty-two percent. Overtime, cities with smaller populations are awarded more grants. / Ph. D.

This thesis examines clienteles during the reign of Edward VI, particularly those of the dukes of Somerset and Northumberland, and the role of the county elite in political society in order to reassess politics from the perspective of clientage. Edward's reign has not been extensively studied from this perspective but work by Dr Adams, Professor Guy and others on other periods provided the necessary context to reassess Edwardian politics. The aim was to investigate whether the regime continued to rely on the same core within the county elite employed in the 1520s and 1530s and again in Elizabeth's reign. This has involved extensive archival research since 1996 (in St Andrews, London and the Midlands). I have found that the privy council tried to foster a closer working relationship with the county elite in order to maintain stability and prevent faction during this period of minority government. The regime depended on the same core of gentlemen in the shires to act as commissioners of the peace and to fill the other vital local offices. Even within this group there was an inner-ring. This relationship was a two-way process and the clientage that underpinned early modem society was central to it. This study has also explored the extent to which Somerset's and Northumberland's clienteles were involved in central and local government to reassess how much the dukes operated as courtcentred or county-centred politicians. Both men dominated government in turn and their clienteles were vitally important. These were made up of their servants, family, friends and clients and were mutual self-support groups that reinforced their political and social status. Although principally intended as a political study, this research has come to incorporate military and local history. It has looked at how clienteles operated during periods of stability and crisis (the activities of Lord Seymour of Sudeley, the 1549 rebellions, the October coup, the second fall of Somerset and the succession crisis in 1553) in order to demonstrate how they really functioned.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Bacterial pathogenesis relies on a subset of mechanisms including adhesion to various matrices, antibiotic resistance, defence and action against surrounding microorganisms, and secretion of virulence factors. Among the secretion systems, the recently identified Type VI secretion system (T6SS) has been shown to be involved in both virulence against eukaryotic cells and inter-bacterial warfare. T6SS are composed of a minimum of 13 proteins called "core components". It is believe to form a macromolecular system that spans the envelope to assemble an extracellular structure composed of the Hcp protein with a trimer of VgrG located at the tip. This model has been built following in silico and structural analyses demonstrating the link between several T6SS subunits and bacteriophage T4 baseplate and tail elements. Other T6SS subunits include membrane proteins. Using enteroaggregative Escherichia coli as a bacterial model, the aim of my work is to understand how this system assembles in the cell envelope. I recently showed that four of these membrane proteins, SciP, SciS, SciN and SciZ make contact to form a complex [1]. These four subunits are critical components of the T6SS. I then delineated the interaction network, demonstrating that SciZ interacts with SciP, and that SciS interacts with both SciP and SciN. Further characterization of these subunits showed that SciN is a lipoprotein associated with the outer membrane [2, 4], whereas SciP and SciS are inner membrane proteins anchored through a single and three transmembrane segments respectively. SciZ is a polytopic inner membrane protein carrying a peptidoglycan-binding motif within its periplasmic domain. Mutagenesis and peptidoglycan binding experiments demonstrated that SciZ anchors the T6SS to the cell wall [1, 3]. Overall, we have identified and characterized a trans-envelope complex anchored in both membrane and to the peptidoglycan layer. / Bacterial pathogenesis relies on a subset of mechanisms including adhesion to various matrices, antibiotic resistance, defence and action against surrounding microorganisms, and secretion of virulence factors. Among the secretion systems, the recently identified Type VI secretion system (T6SS) has been shown to be involved in both virulence against eukaryotic cells and inter-bacterial warfare. T6SS are composed of a minimum of 13 proteins called "core components". It is believe to form a macromolecular system that spans the envelope to assemble an extracellular structure composed of the Hcp protein with a trimer of VgrG located at the tip. This model has been built following in silico and structural analyses demonstrating the link between several T6SS subunits and bacteriophage T4 baseplate and tail elements. Other T6SS subunits include membrane proteins. Using enteroaggregative Escherichia coli as a bacterial model, the aim of my work is to understand how this system assembles in the cell envelope. I recently showed that four of these membrane proteins, SciP, SciS, SciN and SciZ make contact to form a complex [1]. These four subunits are critical components of the T6SS. I then delineated the interaction network, demonstrating that SciZ interacts with SciP, and that SciS interacts with both SciP and SciN. Further characterization of these subunits showed that SciN is a lipoprotein associated with the outer membrane [2, 4], whereas SciP and SciS are inner membrane proteins anchored through a single and three transmembrane segments respectively. SciZ is a polytopic inner membrane protein carrying a peptidoglycan-binding motif within its periplasmic domain. Mutagenesis and peptidoglycan binding experiments demonstrated that SciZ anchors the T6SS to the cell wall [1, 3]. Overall, we have identified and characterized a trans-envelope complex anchored in both membrane and to the peptidoglycan layer.

A obesidade e a cárie dentária são problemas de saúde pública, que atingem a população infantil. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a prevalência de cárie dentária e relacioná-la com a concentração da enzima anidrase carbônica VI, do íon cálcio, fluxo salivar e quantidade de biofilme dentário em crianças com sobrepeso/obesidade. Foram avaliadas 112 crianças de 4 a 6 anos de idade, de ambos os gêneros. A análise antropométrica foi realizada (percentil do IMC) e através dessa análise as crianças foram divididas em dois grupos: G1 sobrepesos/obesos (n=41) e G2 normais (n=71). Os exames bucais realizados para a cárie dentária foram os índices ceo-s e ICDAS II, quantidade de biofilme dentário pelo Índice de Placa de Turesky e volume de fluxo salivar estimulado. A concentração do íon Cálcio na saliva foi analisada pelo kit colorimétrico e da enzima Anidrase Carbônica VI pelo kit ELISA. Na sequência, as crianças de cada grupo foram divididas em 3 subgrupos: LC (livres de cárie), LI (com lesões iniciais) e C (com cárie). Os testes Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, teste t e correlação de Spearman foram aplicados (p<0,05). Não houve diferença significativa no ceo-s entre os grupos. Houve maior concentração média de cálcio salivar no G1 (G1=2847,96mM; G2=1230,90mM;p=0,001) e maior concentração da Anidrase Carbônica VI no G2 (G1=3455,18 pg/mL; G2=442428,9pg/mL;p=0,000). No G1 houve correlação negativa entre o ceo-s e íon Cálcio (r=-0,444;p=0,010). Já no G2, houve correlação negativa entre placa e a Anidrase Carbônica VI (r=-0,551;p=0,014). Pode-se concluir que o íon cálcio é fator protetor para cárie dentária em crianças. Já a anidrase carbônica VI parece não ser biomarcador para a cárie dentária. / Obesity and dental caries are public health problems that affect the child population. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of dental caries and relate it to the concentration of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase VI, calcium ion, salivary flow, and dental plaque in overweight/obesity children. The study was conducted on 112 children aged 4-6, of both genders. Anthropometric analysis was performed (BMI percentile) and by this analysis the children were divided into two groups: G1 - overweight/obese (n=41) and G2 - normal (n=71). The oral examinations performed for dental caries were the dmfs and ICDAS II indexes, measurement of the amount of dental plaque by the Turesky Board Index and volume of stimulated salivary flow. The concentration of calcium ion in saliva was measured by a colorimetric kit and the enzyme carbonic anhydrase VI by an ELISA kit. Then, children from each group were divided into three subgroups: CF (caries-free), IL (initial lesions) and D (decayed teeth). The Wilcoxon test, Mann-Whitney, t test and Spearman correlation (p<0.05) were applied. There was no significant difference in the dmfs between groups. There was higher concentration of salivary calcium in G1 (G1=2847.96mM; G2=1230.90mM; p=0.001), and higher concentration of carbonic anhydrase VI in G2 (G1 = 3455.18 pg/ml; G2 = 442428.9pg/ml; p = 0.000). In G1, there was negative correlation between dmfs and salivary calcium (r = -0.444; p = 0.010). In G2, there was negative correlation between dental plaque and carbonic anhydrase VI (r=-0.551; p=0.014). It can be concluded that the calcium ion is a protective factor for dental caries in children. The carbonic anhydrase VI does not seem to be a biomaker of dental caries.

L’objectif principal de notre travail est une recherche sous forme de description analytique qui se concentre sur le champ de l’histoire juridique plutôt qu’à proprement parler dans le domaine juridique. La recherche se concentre sur la réforme de la législation siamoise influencée par la France et ses juristes sous les règnes de Rama V et Rama VI (1868-1925). C’est parce qu’au XIXe siècle, la présence des Occidentaux fut à l’origine de difficultés dans le royaume du Siam (Thaïlande), notamment le privilège d’exterritorialité. L’ancien système juridique compilé dans la Loi des trois Sceaux ne correspondait plus à la situation dans laquelle se trouvait le pays face à la présence grandissante d’étrangers y faisant par exemple du commerce. Donc,les rois Rama V et Rama VI décidèrent de réformer le droit siamois en l’occidentalisant, espérant ainsi parvenir à faire abolir le privilège exterritorial. / The main objective of our research is research in the form of analytical description that focuses on the field of legal history rather than strictly in the legal field. The research focuses on the reform of the Siamese law influenced by France and french Counsellors during the reigns of Kings Rama V and Rama VI (1868-1925). In the nineteenth century, the presence of Westerners were causing difficulties in the Kingdom of Siam (Thailand), including the privilege of extraterritoriality. The old legal system compiled in the law of the three seals no longer corresponded to the situation in which the country found itself faced with the growing presence of foreigners are making such trade. So, Kings Rama V and Rama VI decided to reform the law of the country in the Westernizing manner, hoping to reach abolish extraterritorial privileges.

É expressiva no espaço urbano brasileiro a presença de um grande número de moradores vivendo em situação de risco e vulnerabilidade social. Isso é visível diante da precariedade de suas moradias, da infraestrutura dos bairros, da condição socioeconômica entre outros fatores, chamando a atenção para a rapidez com que essas moradias favelas - se proliferaram na cidade de Londrina. Diante deste contexto, esta tese tem como objetivo desenvolver um estudo centrado nas reflexões sobre o pertencimento ao lugar favela por parte dos moradores do Jardim União da Vitória VI, localizado na zona sul da cidade de Londrina, bem como analisar a temática sobre o termo lugar e do conceito de favela. Além disso, averiguar sua percepção por um grupo de pessoas, e alunos do 7ºano de duas escolas públicas localizadas na área de estudo ou próxima, e as intervenções do poder público local na elaboração e implantação de politicas públicas, levando em conta a questão habitacional e o contexto histórico da formação da cidade de Londrina. / It is expressive in the Brazilian urban area the presence of a great number of dweller living in a risk situation and social vulnerability. It is visible before preciosity of their dwellings, the districts infrastructure, social-economic condition among other factors, calling the attention to rapidity with which theses dwellings shanty town, proliferate in Londrina city. Ahead this context, this thesis has as objective develops a center study in the reflection about the belonging to the shanty town place by its dwellers of Victory Union Garden VI, situated in the South Zone of Londrina city, as well as to analyze the theme about place term and the concept of shanty town. Beyond that, ascertain its perception by a group of people, and pupils of 7º year of two public schools situated in the study area or close to it, and the local Public Authority interventions in elaboration and implementation of public politics, taking in account the housing issue and the historical context of the formation of Londrina city.